Briefly describe the government procurement systems of China and EU respectively?

Second, departmental interests are the key factors affecting the further development of government procurement. According to China's current financial management system, procurement expenditure is included in the budgets and plans submitted by various administrative institutions, and the financial budget cannot be refined into specific procurement projects, so each unit can control procurement by itself within the approved budget framework. After the allocation of financial funds, the financial department has little energy to carry out inspection and supervision, and it is not uncommon for all departments and units to report more and buy less, and report instead of buying. After the implementation of the government procurement system, the financial department will extend the management and supervision functions to the whole process of material procurement, and will change the original individual procurement from each unit to centralized government procurement, so that each unit can not purchase at will as before. The implementation of the government procurement system has changed the original pattern of interest and power distribution, and it also faces great resistance within government departments because of departmental interests.

Third, the role of government procurement is only at a low level, such as saving funds and eliminating corruption, but it does not play a high-level role in adjusting the total balance, optimizing the economic structure and participating in international competition. With the formation and development of the world trade liberalization pattern, the government procurement system has been extended to the field of international trade. From 65438 to 0979, the Tokyo Round of multilateral trade negotiations signed a government procurement agreement, marking the opening of the government procurement market from closed to open. Since then, with the acceleration of the regionalization and globalization of the world economy, various regional economic organizations have successively formulated government procurement agreements or defined market access terms. In these agreements or terms, it is stipulated that the contracting parties should give equal market access opportunities and establish a fair competition and non-discriminatory government procurement mechanism. After the establishment of the World Trade Organization, its government procurement agreement came into effect on 1995. China's government procurement system should also meet the objective requirements of economic internationalization. Government procurement faces the global market. However, the China government has not guided enterprises to bid in the international market, which makes the ability of enterprises to participate in international competition obviously lower than that of foreign enterprises, which is not conducive to the further development of China products in the international market. After the opening of the government procurement market in China, it will also face increasingly fierce international competition.

4. There are still some other problems in our government system: a large number of state financial expenditures cannot form economies of scale, and the efficiency of capital use is not high enough; (2) There is a contradiction between the current administrative accounting system and financial management system and the direct payment method of government procurement, which makes the saved funds not reflected in the budget [8]; (3) The restriction mechanism of government procurement management is not perfect, such as the supervision of the bidding process, the supervision of the bidding agency, the supervision of the judges, and the principles of bid evaluation and calibration. The whole procurement process lacks effective arbitration and supervision, information disclosure is not standardized, unfair trade and corruption still exist; (4) The quality of government procurement personnel affects the realization of economic and benefit objectives of government procurement system. Government procurement is a brand-new job, with strong policy, wide coverage and complex and diverse business, which requires high professional knowledge and skills of government procurement personnel.