The aesthetic implications of traditional Chinese architectural wood carvings?

The aesthetic implications of traditional Chinese architectural wood carvings what is the specific content of the following Zhongda consulting for you to answer.

The aesthetic implications of traditional Chinese architectural wood carving_Bison Youxin_Architectural Culture_Architecture Chinese traditional Chinese culture seeks "unity of man and nature", reverence for nature, and the natural integration of the living, so, over the past few thousand years, the Chinese building has been a wooden frame building premises Palace, the formation of China's unique wood building culture. Architectural wood carving began in part of the components of the decorative processing, so that it meets the needs of architectural aesthetics, over time, it became an indispensable part of the building, and integrated into the overall building, and the white walls of the green tiles echoed, constituting a harmonious and unified overall architectural appearance. At the same time, the image of wood carvings and garden plants and trees, indoor furnishings and furniture reflect each other, reflecting the unique cultural spirit of the Chinese people and aesthetic interest.

Traditional Chinese culture emphasizes the "unity of man and heaven", exalts nature, and natural harmony, so, for thousands of years, Chinese architecture has been building houses and palaces with wooden frames, forming a unique wooden building culture in China. Architectural wood carving began in part of the components of the decorative processing, so that it meets the needs of architectural aesthetics, over time, it became an indispensable part of the building, and integrated into the overall building, and the white walls of the green tiles echoed, constituting a harmonious and unified overall architectural appearance. At the same time, the image of wood carvings and garden plants and trees, indoor furnishings and furniture reflect each other, reflecting the unique cultural spirit of the Chinese people and aesthetic interest.

Chinese architectural wood carving originated from when, there has been no conclusive, but according to historical records, the Warring States period of the building on the "pillars engraved jue" regular practice, visible its long history. The Song Dynasty "building method style" recorded on the construction of wood carving detailed practices and drawings, indicating that in the Five Dynasties and Song Dynasty, the development of architectural wood carving has been quite mature. To the Ming and Qing dynasties, wood carving skills are quite high, architectural wood carving to three-dimensional direction.

Wood carving can not be separated from the choice of wood and the use of techniques. Usually, the choice of wood is very careful, the transverse structure of the wood fiber should be close, so that it is not easy to crack. Wood should be very fine, with a certain degree of toughness, easy to use the knife. The strength of the wood is also important to ensure that the carved work does not warp easily. The "building method style. Carving system", the technique of wood carving is described in detail, looking at the successive generations of architectural wood carving, its carving techniques can be divided into mixed carving, picking ground carving, line carving, hollow carving, stick carving several categories.

Mixed carving: equivalent to sculpture techniques in the round carving, with the effect of three-dimensional body, can be multi-faceted ornamental, mostly used to support the arch, pendant flowers and other parts of the often used mixed carving techniques, will be portrayed in a very fine, full of life.

Pick the ground carving: is the most basic carving technique in traditional wood carving, usually refers to the removal of flowers outside the wood, so that the pattern stands out. There are two kinds of carving method, one is half mixed carving method, the pattern to do very deep pick ground, and then the main image of mixed carving, become a semi-dimensional image, commonly used in the forehead square. Another is the relief carving method, pattern around the ticking ground is not deep, the pattern is not very prominent, and then in the pattern on the ticking ground of different depths to show the pattern of the ups and downs of the changes. Or carve lines on the pattern to outline the flower shape, enhance the decorative effect of the work, or to show the outline and structure of the petals, mostly used in mounting boards, skirts in the carving of the board.

Line carving: usually with the blade of the knife carving pattern, pay attention to the knife, has a strong expressive force. For the pattern of the carving and the image of the outline has an important role, but also can be carved texture, the performance of the texture of the scene. Line carving is easy to show the shape of the object, can also enhance the decorative effect of the object.

Transparent carving: carve through the board, resulting in the top and bottom of the left and right penetration, and then do the tick ground carving or line carving, this carving method requires a high level of skill, carved into the works of the front and back can be viewed. Its floral works with smooth branches and leaves, and natural stretching of petals, are commonly found in flower covers, hanging drops, bird replacements, and wooden doors and windows.

Paste carving: is the result of late carving technology innovation, that is, the carving of a good pattern pattern directly pasted into the building components, usually some difficult to do to pick the ground of the carving, continuous pattern, axis of symmetry of the components are the use of paste carving to complete. Its process labor-saving materials, convenient production, and artistic effect is by no means inferior to other forms of relief.

Architectural wood carving techniques can be broadly divided into the above categories, but in different regions, under the influence of different customs, the form of architectural wood carving and the use of carving techniques are also different, wood carving style presents their own characteristics.

Northern royal buildings and various types of palace-style buildings in the wood carving is often carved fine and complex, mounted boards are generally used in line carving, shallow relief and paste carving and other techniques, and more Ruyi pattern. Pendant door of the pendant flower to round carving techniques carved out a variety of floral patterns. Flying cover is used to hollow carving, well carved, rich layers, vivid image. Northern residents of architectural wood carving is simple and thick, usually "painted with tung oil", rarely painted, large pieces of wood carving thick branches and leaves, circling and winding, linked firmly, the details are carved, focusing on decorative.

Traditional buildings in the south of the Yangtze River are mostly folk houses, due to institutional restrictions, the building area has certain norms, and thus can only be more in the decorative effort and financial resources. Therefore, the folk wood carvings in Jiangnan region are exquisite and elegant, skillfully conceived, with the mood and interest of Chinese painting. Jiangnan architectural wood carving to Dongyang wood carving is the most famous, it is said to have been more than a thousand years, Dongyang wood carving main decorative parts in the frame and doors and windows, techniques to line carving, shallow relief, deep relief, round carving based. The beams and frames are often carved in deep relief, the sparrows are carved in the round, and the doors and windows are carved in shallow relief. The decorative themes are rich and varied, such as folklore, historical stories, insects, birds and animals, and auspicious motifs, which are full of the interest of life.

Sichuan architectural style and form of wood carving has a strong local characteristics, Taoism originated in Sichuan, by the unity of man and nature and the influence of the idea of nature, Sichuan residential construction of the brace arch less decorative. But the temple government must be decorative arch support, the support is divided into two kinds of round wood and plate. Round wood arch to hollow carving, high relief, round carving based, the subject matter of human stories, flowers and trees, birds and animals, such as Chengdu Wuhou Ancestral Shrine arch wood carvings, the phoenix arranged in the middle of the flowers and trees, decorated with gold lacquer, for the spreading of the wings, eye-catching. Plate support arch of the subject matter is more rich, there are flowers, animals, geometric patterns, cloud dragon, etc., more hollow and shallow relief carving. In Sichuan, wood carving pendant usually carved into melon shape, commonly known as hanging melon, melon tube is not decorated, hanging melon using round carving to decorate the eaves. Sichuan hanging melon is generally not richly decorated, only to take its auspicious meaning. Hanging melon with lanterns, flowers, lions and other various shapes.

Guangdong gold lacquer wood carving is quite distinctive, lacquered and plastered with gold foil, looks brilliant, rich and ornate, the technique is usually carved in relief and carving, especially good at multi-layer hollow carving method. Guangdong architectural wood carving is divided into two schools of Chaozhou and Foshan, Chaozhou wood carving development to the end of the Qing Dynasty, the style is becoming more and more delicate and rich, the subject matter is mostly for the opera characters and birds and insects. Foshan wood carving to the Qing Dynasty began to flourish, vivid images, knife skills, with a strong sense of sculpture.

Yunnan and Dali area of wood carving commonly known as Jianchuan wood carving, wood carving decorated in the beam square, joist, sparrow for, balustrades and other places. The technique of multi-layer superimposed carving, and color on the surface, the subject matter of animals and flowers, qin, chess, calligraphy and painting, longevity patterns, Buddhist figures and so on.

Huizhou architectural wood carvings are mostly embodied in residential houses, with a strong sense of local life, techniques in relief, semi-circular carving and carving through the main. The style of the Ming Dynasty is rough, and the Qing Dynasty is delicate and complex, without applying oil color, the theme for the characters and stories, customs and folklore, landscapes and trees.

Architectural wood carving relative to other architectural decoration, pay more attention to the ornamental effect of the fa?ade. In the composition and layout by the influence of traditional painting, in the image shaping and selection of subjects and folk art and arts and crafts integration and interoperability. For example, the frontal square wood carving of Henan Shanxan Guild Hall, the surface of the wooden square relief performance of the "Legend of the White Snake" several groups of images, in order of "rain in the garden" "return the umbrella back home" "old man selling medicine" "Jinshan Temple incense", "water flooded San Francisco" and "broken bridge farewell" will be the whole storyline development of the image outlined. The layout of the scene is separated by rocks and trees, and the story unfolds sequentially, with a staggered layout and proper composition, which is the essence of traditional painting composition and layout. In the character portrayal, it is good at using the characters' body movements to show the characters' character and psychological activities, and the characters' movements are natural and vivid. The forehead square is engraved with a picture of two dragons playing with pearls, and the dragons' forms are interspersed and circled among the peony branches and leaves, appearing to be robust and full of strength and dynamism. The branches and leaves are full of vigor and vitality, and the peony is graceful and luxurious. The whole picture is strong and dynamic, contrasting with the calmness and softness of the "White Snake" picture above. Architectural wood carvings are part of people's daily life, and the choice of subject matter and the way of expression are inclined to secularization and living, with a strong meaning of life.

Overall speaking, wood carving as part of architectural decoration, on the one hand, has the role of decorating and beautifying the building, on the other hand, has the meaning of allegory, symbolism and prayer, with intuitive image to express the meaning of the content of non-objects themselves, its artistic characteristics and aesthetic meaning is rooted in traditional culture and aesthetic habits.

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