The game in The Search for Qin

Cuju

cù jū

The word "cuju" was first used in the Historical Records of China (史记-苏秦列传), in which Su Qin describes Linmiao when he was lobbying King Xuan of Qi: "Linmiao is very rich and solid, and none of its people do not blow poles, drums, and step on bows. Cuju is also known as "step on the bow", "cuju", "cuju round", "building ball", "kick round" and so on, "cu" that is, kicking with the foot, "jiu" system of leather ball, "cuju" is to kick the ball, "cuju" is an ancient Chinese sport, "cuju" is an ancient Chinese sport, "cuju" is an ancient Chinese sport, "cuju" is an ancient Chinese sport, "cuju" is an ancient Chinese sport. It is an ancient Chinese sport, there are direct confrontation, indirect confrontation and white hit three forms.

Cuju has been passed down for more than 2,300 years, it originated in the Spring and Autumn and Warring States period of the former capital of Qi, Linzi, the Tang and Song dynasties are most prosperous, and often appear "the ball does not fall all day long", "the ball does not leave the foot, the foot is not away from the ball, the Chinese court ornaments, 10,000 people to look up to the" scene.

The traditional Chinese culture centered on Confucianism emphasizes "harmony" and "mediocrity", and in most cases the social and cultural mentality is to emphasize the "rule of literature" and light "martial arts". In most cases, the social and cultural mentality emphasizes "cultural governance" over "martial arts". People respect the modesty and elegance of the humble gentleman, and despise the competition and victory of the martial artist. In this social and cultural context, Cuju gradually evolved from a confrontational game to a performance-based competition.

The Traceability

The earliest records of soccer were found in the Records of the Grand Historian (史记) and the Strategies of the Warring States (战国策). Both the Shiji (Records of the Grand Historian) and the Zuanguo Ce (Strategies of the Warring States) show that in Linzi, the former capital of Qi at the time, cuju had already developed into a mature form of amusement and was widely practiced among the people. King Xuan of Qi in 319 BC - 301 BC reign, it can be concluded that: more than two thousand three hundred years ago or earlier in a period of history, in the former capital of Qi Linzi city soccer activities have been widely carried out. Cuju has developed into a folk prevalent sports and recreational activities program.

After the unification of the six states of Qin, cuju sport was silent. After the establishment of the Western Han Dynasty, it flourished again. Han Dynasty people cuju as a "rule of martial arts" way, not only in the army, but also in the court aristocrats in general popularity. Xijing Miscellany" on the record: Liu Bang became emperor, the father of Liu Taigong received Chang'an City, Weiyang Palace retirement, food and clothing used in the most luxurious, all day long to see the kabuki music. However, he was not satisfied, and spent all his time moping around. It turns out that Liu Taigong lived in the lower class of the city since childhood, close to the mortal soldiers, slaughtering dogs and cows of the generation, the entertainment after work can not be separated from the cockfighting, cuju. Therefore, Liu Bang issued an imperial decree to build a new city a hundred miles east of Chang'an, modeled on the scale of the original Pei County's Fengyi, relocating all the residents of the original Fengyi to the new city, and Liu Taigong and Liu Wen also moved to live there. The new city was built on the same scale as the original Feng Yi in Pei County, and all the residents of the original Feng Yi were moved to the new city, and Liu Taigong and Liu Wen were also moved there.

From this story, we can know that in the Warring States period, soccer was a favorite recreational activity of the lower class people in the city, and in the early years of the Western Han Dynasty, soccer was also loved by the aristocracy. Huan Kuan's "Salt and Iron Theory" says that the Western Han society has been a long time, "the nobleman's house, cuju cockfighting" for fun, and the general people are also in the "Kangzhuang chi chi, poor alley cuju.

Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty loved to watch Cuju. The Book of Han records that Emperor Wu often held in the palace to cockfighting, cuju game as the content of the "chicken bow of the meeting", the home of the favorite minister Dong Xian also specializes in raising the ball will be playing "bow guest" (similar to today's ball players). It can be seen that in the Western Han Dynasty, the social aspects of soccer activities are more expanded.

Due to the prosperity of cuju, the Han Dynasty also appeared in the study of the sport of monographs, the Han Dynasty had written a "cuju twenty-five", which is China's earliest a sports professional books, but also the world's first sports professional books. Ban Gu in writing "Han Shu - Arts and Letters Zhi", the "Cuju twenty-five" as a military book, belonging to the military training of military skills category, but unfortunately later lost. Xiang Chu in the Western Han Dynasty was the first person to be famous in history for soccer, but his experience was unfortunate. According to the historical record, Chun Yu Yi, a famous doctor, advised Xiang Chu to not overwork, but Xiang Chu did not listen to him and still went out to play soccer, resulting in vomiting blood and died, which also made Xiang Chu the world's first ever fanatical "fan".

With the development of social productivity, soccer production technology has improved. Tang Dynasty in the production of the ball process has two major improvements: one is to use two pieces of leather synthesized shell to use eight pieces of sharp leather sewn into a round shell. The shape of the ball is more round. The second is the ball shell inside the plug hair to put an animal urine bubble, "boo gas closed and blowing", become an inflatable ball, which is also the first invention in the world. According to the world sports history, the British invented the ball blowing in the eleventh century, three or four hundred years later than the Tang Dynasty in China.

The Tang Dynasty ball is lighter and can be kicked high. The goal is located in two three-foot-high bamboo poles, known as the "network for the door to the degree of the ball". In the kicking method, the Han Dynasty is a direct confrontation of the team competition, "out of the way to Cheng便, cover like soldiers garrison". The physical contact between the two players is like a war. Tang dynasty team competition, is not a direct confrontation, but the interval between the goal, the two sides on one side, to shoot "the number of winners". From the soccer technology, is a development: and indirect confrontation, from the physical training, is a regression of soccer.

As the ball is light, and no intense running and scrambling, the Tang Dynasty began to have women's soccer. Women's soccer kicking method is not to use the goal, to kick high, kicked out of the pattern for the ability, known as "white hit". Tang Dynasty poet Wang Jian has a "Palace Lyrics" said that on the day of the Cold Food Festival, the Yichun courtyard of the playgirls to kick the ball for fun. Tang Taizong, Xuanzong love to watch soccer, when the goal is "tree two bamboo, net on the net, to the door for the degree of the ball. The ball is divided into left and right pals, to corner the winners and losers". Tang Dynasty not only had women's soccer, and some women's kicking technology is also very high.

Not only the emperor's palace has such a customary activity, folk have. Poet Wang Wei "cold food east of the city that is" said in the poem, "Cuju repeatedly over the birds, swing competition out of the poplars," which can be seen kicking the ball high. Du Fu's poem "Qingming" also said, "ten years of Cuju will be far away, thousands of miles of the same custom of swing", also shows the popularity of the custom of kicking the ball. This custom has been continued until the Southern Song Dynasty, the poet Lu You in the "Spring Evening Sensing Pavilion" poem depicted the scene: "Cold food Liangzhou 100,000 families, swing cuju still luxury." And "feeling the old end of the chapter to cover the thought that there is a wide since" poem in the "road into Liangzhou like palm flat, the autumn swing cuju take advantage of the Qingming" lines.

There is a game, there are stars. What kind of people were famous for playing soccer at that time? If you read a lot of ancient books, you probably already guessed it: evil teenagers. The more unusual is a number of emperors in the Tang Dynasty, such as Emperor Wenzong of the Tang Dynasty, often climbed up a "Qinzheng building" to look down on people cuju and wrestling, this scene can be really ironic, compared to the ancestors, the city of the air a lot heavier. Of course, he is not the only one so, wait a few generations after the Tang Xizong, himself became a bad boy, personally Cuju cockfighting, and the Tang dynasty's last emperor Zhaozong was Zhu Wen forced to move from Chang'an to Luoyang on the road, the six armies have run out, only a group of Divine Strategies or bad boy origin of the "ball offering" to follow him, see the depth of feeling. This shows the depth of affection. The first time I saw this, I was in the middle of the night, and I was in the middle of the night, and I was in the middle of the night, and I was in the middle of the night, and I was in the middle of the night.

Cuju in the Song Dynasty gained great development. Shi Naian's "Water Margin" wrote about Gao Ziang, who became a lieutenant by kicking a soccer ball. Although the novel is exaggerated in the character deeds and personality, but basically is the fact of the Song Dynasty. Gao Ziang was a great soccer player, and because he played soccer with Emperor Huizong of Song Dynasty, he was promoted to be the commander in chief of the temple, which is one of the earliest famous soccer players.

Gao Zizi made his fortune by playing soccer, which tells us two things: First, the emperors and bureaucrats of the Song Dynasty loved to play soccer, and some of them loved to play soccer themselves, and some of them loved to watch soccer. Song Huizong Zhao Ji is a soccer fan, he watched the courtesans play soccer after writing a poem: "Shaoguang Wanmei belongs to the Qingming, open banquet Sichen to Mu Qing. Near the secret was declared to compete in cuju, two friends between the court and then win or lose." The literature of the General Kao introduced: "Song female disciples team 153 people, clothing four colors, embroidered Luo broad shirt, tie brocade belt, kicking embroidered ball, the ball does not leave the foot, the foot does not leave the ball, Hua Ting ornamental, 10,000 people look up to." The Shanghai Museum hides a "Song Taizu cuju map", depicting the scene.

In the Song Dynasty, there were soccer artists who specialized in kicking the ball to sustain their lives. According to records, the Northern Song Bianliang City and the Southern Song Lin'an City, in the palace banquet performance of kicking the ball of the famous players, there are Su Shu, Meng Xuan, Zhang Jun, Li Zheng, etc.; in the city of tile in the kicking the ball of the artists, there are Huang Ruyi, Fan Lao'er, Sun, Zhang Ming, Cai Run, and so on.

Song Dynasty soccer and Tang Dynasty kicking, the same way, with the goal of the indirect game and do not use the goal of "white hit", but most of the books are white hit kicking. The so-called "head of 100,000 kicks, hundreds of thousands of solutions" means that the kicking pattern action and a set of action composed of several patterns, referring to the use of the head, shoulders, back, chest, knees, legs, feet and a complete set of kicking techniques, so that "the ball does not fall all day". From this point of view, the Song Dynasty soccer, from the shot than accurate has been to the dexterity and control of the ball technology development.

The Song Dynasty ball production process than the Tang Dynasty has improved, the ball shell from eight pieces of sharp skin development for "twelve pieces of incense skin built". Raw material is "cooked nitrate yellow leather, solid material light cut". Craftsmanship is "dense masonry sewn, not showing the corner of the line". The weight of the ball should be "12 taels". The specifications of the soccer ball should be "broken up into ten rounds". The quality of the ball made in this way was of course very high. At that time, the handicraft workshop ball production, there are forty different varieties, each variety has its own advantages and disadvantages. The improvement of the ball-making process, promote the development of kicking technology; and the development of the ball-making industry reflects the increase in social needs.

In order to safeguard their own interests and promote mutual assistance, at least in the Southern Song Dynasty, the Song Dynasty kickball artists also organized their own groups, called "Qiyunshe", also known as "round society". This is a specialized cuju organization, dedicated to cuju activities of the competition organization and publicity and promotion, which is China's earliest single-sports associations, similar to today's soccer clubs; it can also be said that it is the world's earliest soccer clubs.

By the Yuan Dynasty, Guan Hanqing and others in the prose described the male and female soccer scene. But this kind of men and women kicking, is not the two sides to seek their own entertainment, but to women kicking the ball as a kind of kung fu for others to enjoy. Sadusuji "prostitutes cuju" prose song said: "Bibi just song and dance in front of the flower feast, learning into the world of qiyun round". It can be seen that kicking the ball and song and dance are the same as the banquet on the Kabuki. "Occupy the field to accompany the hero" of the women, most of the "Xie Pavilion Qin Lou", "Ming Ke Alley" of the "beautiful Cindy ", it can be seen that playing soccer has become a means of entertainment for prostitutes. Kickball entertainment social has been greatly reduced, it is no longer the content of the activities of the festival, is no longer a banquet program, but and debauchery linked to the entertainment.

Ming History records, embracing the three Wu, claiming that the soldiers cut off the Wu King Zhang Shicheng's younger brother Zhang Shixin, "every division, do not ask the military, always with simarouba (a gambling device), cuju, embracing the women's feast." Visible kicking has been linked with lewdness. Therefore, Zhu Yuanzhang after the emperor, passed down the imperial decree, strictly prohibit the military to play soccer. Zhu Yuanzhang's imperial decree could only prohibit soldiers from playing soccer, but it did not change the recreational nature of soccer. Known as the Ming Dynasty social encyclopedia of the novel "Plum in the Golden Vase", there is a description of Simon Qing in the Lichun hospital to watch the prostitute Li Gui sister kick the ball: Simon Qing ate a round of wine, came out outside the courtyard first kick, and taught Gui sister with two round society kick. "A piggyback head, a pair of barriers, between the argument kicks and abductions, no false applause and flattery." The above description is also a good indication of the entertainment nature of the Ming Dynasty kickball.

By the Qing Dynasty, in the historical records of soccer activities, there are very few. China's ancient cuju activities, since the Warring States through thousands of years, in the Han, Tang, Song era, once like a comet, issued a bright light; later, into the water of the Qing society, leaving only a little foam, and finally dark fall.

Artistic Characteristics

Cuju is an ancient Chinese sport, Cuju game has a direct confrontation, indirect confrontation and white playing three forms.

Cuju competition with goals can be divided into direct competition with double goals and indirect competition with single goals. The direct competition with two goals was the main way of Cuju in the Han Dynasty (206 BC ~ 220 AD), and was used for military training. For direct confrontation games, a cuju city, i.e., a court, was set up with a short wall around it. Both sides of the game like a small house like the goal; field players 12, both sides of the direct body contact confrontation, like a war, kicking the bow into the other side of the goal more winners.

In the specialized competition venues - Ju City, the goal of the two compartments correspond to the two players on both sides of the relative attack, scoring for the win from the double goal competition evolved from the single goal indirect competition is the Tang (618 AD ~ 907 years) Song (960 AD ~ 1279 years) period of Cuju the main way, mainly used for the court banquets and diplomatic ceremonial competition performances. Indirect rivalry game in the middle of the interval between the goal, the goal in the middle of more than two feet of "wind flow eye", the two sides on one side, in the case of the ball does not fall to the ground, can be made to pass through the eye of the wind flow of the more winners.

The loose kick without a goal is called white fight, the longest, the most widely carried out, there is a person to ten people field households and other forms. White fight is mainly competition patterns and techniques, also known as competition "solution", each set of solutions have a variety of kicking movements, such as abduction, tiptoe, ride, stirrups, twisting, etc., the ancients also gave some of the action to take the name, such as turn Qiankunkun, Swallow to the nest, oblique insert flowers, wind swing lotus, Buddha top beads, dry land to pick up the fish, Jinfo mill, shoulders back the moon, abduction meteoric, and so on.

Inheritance of significance

Popular for thousands of years the rise and fall of Cuju, in line with the development and change of human society, the historical law of metabolism. Across the historical distance in time, the demise of the ancient Cuju and the new life in the flourishing modern soccer.

On July 15, 2004, Mr. Blatter, the president of FIFA, officially announced to the world at the Third China International Football Expo that "soccer originated in China", and Zibo, Shandong Province, was officially recognized as the origin of world soccer. During the 2006 World Cup in Germany, Blatter said again: "Football originated in China, Linzi is the hometown of soccer, is not only your pride, is the pride of the Chinese people, but also the pride of the world, is the pride of all those who like soccer, like the World Cup."

In April 2006, as part of the World Cup in Germany, the Soccer Museum in Hamburg, Germany, was officially opened to showcase the rich history and culture of soccer, including the splendid Chinese cuju culture as the origin of soccer.

Anecdotes of Cuju History

The First Man to be Famous for Playing Soccer

Xiang Shi in the Western Han Dynasty was the first man to be famous for soccer. According to the Historical Records, the famous doctor, Chun Yu Yi, advised Xiang Chu to avoid overwork, but Xiang Chu did not listen and went out to play soccer, resulting in vomiting blood and dying, which made Xiang Chu the world's first ever avid "fan".

Cuju positional division of labor formation

Cuju in the Han Dynasty is a means of training soldiers, the development of a more complete system. Such as specializing in the setting of the stadium, the provisions of the east-west direction of the rectangle, each end of the six symmetrical "bow domain" is also known as "bow room", each guarded by a person. The field was surrounded by a wall. The game is divided into two teams, mutual offense and defense, to kick the number of times into the other side of the bow room to decide the winner.

After the initial popularity of the Han Dynasty, the Tang and Song dynasties cuju activities reached a climax, and even appeared in accordance with the field position division of labor kicking. Cuju in the Tang Dynasty has a variety of ways, there is the number of times the top of the game ball "play bow", there is the middle of the field hanging nets, similar to the net soccer "white hit", there are many people involved in the scramble "jumping bow", there is the establishment of the goal game, the game will be decided by the winners. There is also the establishment of the goal of the game, this way each team has a certain number of people and a fixed position, the provisions of the players can only kick in their own position, can not move.

The first first list of history

The Southern Song Dynasty "Old Story of Wulin" has listed the list of the two teams and the position of the "thirty-two people to build the ball" competition: "The left army of sixteen people: the head of the ball, Zhang Jun, stilted ball Wang Ren, positive hostage Zhu Zhuo, head of the hostage Shi Zei, the left pole net Ding interpretation, the right pole net Zhang Lin, loose standing Hu Chun and so on; the left pole net, the right pole net Zhang Lin, loose standing Hu Chun and so on; and the right pole net, the right pole net, the right pole net Zhang Lin, loose standing Hu Chun and so on. The right army of 16 men: the head of the ball Li Zheng, stilt ball Zhu Zhen, the head of the host Zhu Zhuan, the deputy host Zhang Ning, the left pole net Xu Bing, the right pole net Wang Yu, the scattered stand Chen Jun and so on". I'm afraid this is the history of the first soccer "first list".

The first person to become an official for playing soccer

Shi Naian's "Water Margin", wrote a kicking ball made a fortune as a lieutenant Gao Ziangzui. Although the novel exaggerates the character's deeds and personality, it is basically a fact of the Song Dynasty. Gao Zizi was a great soccer player, and because he played soccer with Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty, he was promoted to the position of commander of the Imperial Palace, which is considered one of the earliest famous soccer stars.

The country attaches great importance to the protection of intangible cultural heritage, on May 20, 2006, the heritage was approved by the State Council included in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage list.

[edit paragraph] Meaning and pronunciation of the word "cu" and "jiu"

Cu

cù

(1) Kick: ~ jiu (kicking the ball)

(2) Tread: ~ tread. A ~ and then.

鞠

jū

(1) to raise, to bring up: ~ nurture.

jū

jū.

(2) to bend: ~ bow. ~ bow to exhaust oneself.

(3) Great, exhaustive: ~ fierce.

(4) Young: ~ zi (稚子).

(5) Poor: "Er but ~ self suffering".

(6) admonition: "Chen Shi ~ brigade".

(7) An ancient kind of leather ball: cu ~.

(8) A surname.

See specifically:

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[edit]Film and television about ancient cuju

Plot:

Before the establishment of the United Kingdom's Manchester United ball club in 1878, a pair of real gold beaters were found at the club's construction A pair of boots made of real gold are found on the construction site - the story goes back to the place where the boots were made - China; it was during the reign of Emperor Renzong of the Northern Song Dynasty, and the place was the city of Lin'an, which was rich in people and goods.

Lin'an city, cuju master Liu Sanfu son of Liu Fusheng, soccer has an incomparable fervor, and understanding of the special strong, although young, has been the second head of the ball club of the Taihe House, coupled with the martial arts talent, so that the female honor guard members of the House of the Taihe House is y fascinated. But because of the youthful complacency, developed a strong, cold and aloof character, the ball is not as good as his people, are scorned.

Yue E, the leader of the honor guard of the ball club, is beautiful and straightforward, and is y in love with Fusheng. However, Fusheng, who has his father's high hopes, regards soccer as his first life and hopes to become a top soccer player in the future, so he does not appreciate her love and treats her as his younger sister.

In a chance encounter, Yue E meets Zhang Jun, a young man from a humble background who sells biscuits. Jun falls in love with Yue E at first sight, and openly disobeys his mother Yun's order that he should never play soccer. When Yun learns that Jun has joined the club, he makes a scene at Tai Wo House and accidentally meets up with Fan Lao-er, who had a crush on Yun back then.

Fan promotes Fusheng to be the head of the team and chooses Chun to be the second head of the team. However, Fusheng thinks that Chun is a fun-loving player who can't make it to the big time, and Chun is only interested in pursuing Yue'e, so he doesn't care about the game at all. The game is about cooperation, not individual performance.

Fung Lok House requires the players and the guard of honor of Tai Wo House to pass the examination, even Fan Lao Er is no exception, Fusheng passed the examination successfully, Chun got the help of Fusheng and got selected by chance, and Yue'e also got into Fung Lok House with her strength, and the three young people are working together and finally stood firm in Fung Lok House.

In this triangle of two men and one woman seems delicate, the fourth corner character, the character of capricious, strong Huang Baozhu suddenly killed, Baozhu and Fusheng original marriage contract, this time to come, in fact, to urge the marriage, to see the moon E, big jealousy, and take the initiative to challenge. The first time he saw her, he was so jealous that he took the initiative to challenge her. After a few rounds of competition, she was not as good as Baozhu in qin, calligraphy and painting, but fortunately, Zhang Jun was there to encourage her.

The film's main attraction is the fact that Baozhu's behavior is not the same as that of his father, Huang Jinfu. At this moment, Bao Zhu reveals that her father, Jin Fu, wants to force her to marry Zhao Ji, the king of Duan, as a concubine, so as to climb up the ladder.

Baozhu's father, Huang Jinfu, is trying to force her to marry Duan Wang as a concubine.

Baozhu's father, Huang Jinfu, is trying to force her to marry Duan Wang as a concubine.

The departure of Baozhu allows Fusheng to focus on his game, and he finally joins the nationally renowned Qiyun Society, alongside Jun, and Gao Ziangzui, who will later become the lieutenant of the Song dynasty.

Gao Ziangzius ball skills, but the heart is not right, in order to be selected position, do not hesitate to use the scheme of mutilation of teammates, Fusheng one by one to see in the eyes, and Jun set up a law Ziangzius to reap the fruits of their own, and finally Gao Ziangzius was expelled from the Qi Yun Society, and since then, the two people have a grudge.

Baozhu was taken by robbers and sold into a brothel after she ran away, but she was taken in by Li Shishi as a servant girl; Baozhu's talent made Li Shishi's reputation, and she became an instantly recognizable prostitute.

Qi Yun Society and Round Society, the two major ball clubs are about to face each other in a head-to-head match, which has attracted a lot of attention from the public. The unrighteous people want to manipulate the results of the match, which involves a huge amount of money, and the rich and noble gentlemen and the local gentry are all participating in the match either explicitly or implicitly.

The two men, Fusheng and Chun, have finally come to realize the crisis of match-fixing and blackjacking in the soccer world. Fusheng, who is a righteous man, has his legs broken by Wong Kam Fuk because of his refusal to play blackjack, while Chun, who is in the midst of the glory of wealth and the spirit of sportsmanship, encounters Li Shishi and Baozhu by chance.

The two of them are in the same boat, but they are not in the same boat, and they are not in the same boat, but they are in the same boat. The two of them are not interested in each other, but they are in love with each other in their bickering.

Song and Jin Cuju competition is approaching, has been the emperor of the Zhao Ji formed the national team, raw, Jun two people selected, Gaoziang on the two difficult, taking the opportunity to publish a personal vendetta. Gold Fortune and Gao Ziangzi conspire to make sure that Song will lose in order to win a lot of wealth, so they send people to hunt down and kill Fusheng. Fan, E and Yun know that Fusheng has been killed, and they are determined to help Jun to win over the Golden State, and Jun is still indecisive in the critical situation.

Yun and Fan work together to study the tactics of "Cuju", hoping to find a way to win; in the meantime, the two old men face each other night and day, and their old feelings are renewed, but for the sake of face, they still hide it by quarrelling.

The battle begins, Gao Ziangzui and Huang thought Jun has been bribed to create a gambling business, but unexpectedly, the stadium in the Jun but the performance of the courage, the use of the old man taught by Fan and the tactics in the heart of the scripture, coupled with the ghost of the idea of the change of formation all the way to the gold team and the Jin team biting, but the gold team is really full of energy, and kicking the way the strong and rough, Jun is difficult to pull out of the madness, the emergency Liu, resurrection of the appearance of the Song team, Emperor Huizong, N, Fan, Yun, and all the audience were very excited, resurrection of the Song team, Hui, E, Fan, Yun and even the audience. The audience are greatly energized, resurrection and Jun's skillful cooperation, defeat for victory, Song's great victory, the country rejoices, Emperor Huizong special gift gold boots resurrection.

Just when everyone is intoxicated in the victory, resurrection and Jun with Fan E, Yun and Baozhu in order to escape Gaoziang pursuit, quietly leave the country, far away from the Western region will be the Chinese Cuju play, broadcast in the world.

See:/tv/mlzlj/brief.html

Cuju small history

Many people know that in ancient times there is a kind of sports game called Cuju, some good people say that this art is the progenitor of modern soccer. In fact, can only say that cuju and soccer are very similar, from the composition of the ball itself and the rules of the game of sports, the two are not the same thing. Jin Guo Pu in the "three Cang interpretation," said, cuju is a kind of hairball, can be spoiled play. According to Liu Xiang of the Han Dynasty, cuju was created by the Yellow Emperor and was a military game at that time. Liu Xiang's words, of course, can not be believed, cuju probably originated in the Warring States period, the "Records of the Grand Historian" has recorded that the Warring States period in Shandong Linzi area on the popular cuju.

The father of Liu Bang, Gaozu of the Han Dynasty, was a kicking expert in his early years, and after Liu Bang became emperor, his father was very depressed all day and night without kicking the ball. "Xijing Miscellany" records: "Gaozu stole because of the left and right asked, (Liu Bang's father) is to life good, all the slaughter of young people, cockfighting cuju thought Xin, today all this, so not happy." Liu Bang is not the year of the street compulsion boy, the end of the high emperor's frame can not be put down, the Palace of good players and too few, naturally, not good to organize a royal team to entertain their fathers. In contrast, Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty was more liberal. Han Wu Di in the eastern part of the tour, Zen Taishan, after the mood, also like to play a few feet on the Cuju, but also let the civil officials to write a fugue to praise their own. It is said that Han Wu Di pacified the western region (probably Xiongnu vassal state in the western region), got a hu captive, long and good jump, cuju skills are very good, "cover show its convenient jump, the emperor is good and for it. The ministers could not advise." It seems that the hu man is very much the means of van Basten, he may be the history of the earliest introduction of foreign players.

Cao Cao was also a soccer player, or at least a big fan. According to Wei Liao, there was a man named Kong Gui, who was so good at cuju that "he loved it, and was always around it." Cuju was also very popular in the Three Kingdoms, "the record" said: "the three kingdoms confront each other with gold leather. Scholar to bow and horse for business, family to cuju for learning." So, if someone is talking about history, saying that the countryside landlord born Zhang Fei is a superb front-line killer, it is not empty talk.

The Tang kicking scene is very hot. Tang Dynasty Zhong Wu Yan wrote a "gas cone fugue", the text says, "square spring clearing, cold food JingYan, cross contention competition, chi sudden clamor," as can be seen from this text, the intersection of winter and spring, the renewal of all things, it is the Tang people play soccer good time, the field confrontation is intense, the rhythm of the fast. Fugue also said that "or slightly to walk the pill, the first air to the moon", it seems that the Tang people on the low ball and high-altitude ball control skills mastery is very familiar.

The first episode of Water Margin mentioned that Gao Qiu, a street gangster, was recognized by the King of Duan, later Emperor Huizong of Song, for his good kicks. The first time I saw this was when I was playing Cuju, and the ball fell in front of Gao Qiu, and I saw Gao Qiu, shaking his head, making a beautiful "mandarin ducks", kicking the ball back to Gao Qiu, who had been playing Cuju for years. Gao Qiu was a master of the art of martial arts, and he was able to kick the ball back to King Duan. Gao Qiu, with this "mandarin ducks" kick, instantly subdued the whole audience. If Gao Qiu were alive today, Li Yi would not be famous. Gao Qiu would have been honored by the fans as "Gao Qiu Da Di", and a sports reporter would have written "Gao Qiu Benji" for him. Ronaldo would also say in the press conference with a sincere face: "My protection of the ball is very much like the Chinese Gaoqi." The popularity of the Song Dynasty is to play soccer, and those who are not good at soccer will inevitably be ostracized. Take that eight hundred thousand forbidden army instructor Lin Chong for example, although makes a good gun stick, but kicked a stink ball. No wonder Gao Qiu can still be in charge of the White Tiger Hall, but Lin Chong was forced to go to Liangshan after his family died. It is estimated that Wu Sung, Lu Zhi Shen generation is not the material to play football, three or five feet can not stop the ball, a game down will also be cuju kicked a few bad. The field is not happy, the future has no hope, so these people finally had to go to Liangshan. This is really: the moon bends to illuminate the nine states, a few people play soccer a few people worry. The first thing you need to do is to get your hands on a new one, and you'll be able to do it in front of the emperor.

"Water Margin" is, after all, a literary work, characters, plot are fictional. However, in history, there are some people like Gaoqiu, who have been admired by the emperor for his skill in cuju, and have been promoted to a higher position. The Song History Wang Rong biography mentioned that Emperor Taizong of the Song Dynasty said in a conversation, "Zhang Ming, a lowly micro-medium, to Cuju service me, clean and careful, seen in the generation of the stream." Visible cuju is not a poor miscellaneous arts, as long as the opportunity is good, cuju skill, such as the body of the Dragon Art in general, the future is unlimited.

Chinese history, since the Warring States period, Han, Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming and other dynasties have many people involved in cuju activities, masters are also many, and then to the Qing Dynasty, I do not know how to completely lost. By the end of the Qing Dynasty, China could not find a single person who knew how to play Cuju. No wonder Westerners refuse to recognize Cuju as the ancestor of modern soccer. Therefore, in modern times, Chinese soccer is very fishbowl, long years with no connection to the rise of male. The reason is very simple, for the "past saints" can not follow the "perfect school" well, everything is from scratch, the starting point is too low, and not enough hard work, naturally, the skills are not as good as others. (Qin Dalu)

The old book of Tang Dynasty recorded that the Goryeo people are good at kicking the ball, "people can cuju". That is to say, in ancient Goryeo, basically everyone knew how to play soccer. Cuju in ancient China, although very popular, did not do so popular. South Korea has such a good historical tradition, no wonder until now, Chinese soccer is still "Korea will lose". (Qin Dalu)

[Editorial] The demise of cuju

The rise and fall of cuju, and the ruler's policy, advocacy is also inseparable.

Most of the Tang and Song emperors attached importance to the cuju sport, and treat it as a military training means, encountered the game are personally present to watch. On the good, the next must be very good, follow the wind, widely developed, which is the Tang and Song period cuju movement flourished an important factor.

The Yuan Dynasty was established by the Mongols living on horseback, out of survival habits and national divides and other aspects of the reasons, they are not adapted to the type of games and sports programs of the Han Chinese people, not to promote. Cuju sport had to be transferred from the government to the folk, and gradually became a purely recreational cultural activities of the folk.

Zhu Yuanzhang after the emperor, strictly prohibit the military cuju, and decree "cuju people unloading feet", but because of the charm of the cuju movement itself, cuju in the folk are still prevalent.

After the Qing Dynasty, the Manchu rulers like to shoot and hunt, the Han Chinese people's cuju also implemented a ban on the policy. Emperor Shunzhi had an oral ban on kicking the ball, cuju to "immediately prohibited". Later, the Qianlong Emperor simply expressly prohibited cuju activities, the folk cuju movement has been greatly restricted.