The idea of a hundred schools of thought contending.

The philosophers refer to the representatives of China's academic thoughts in the pre-Qin period, such as Guan Zi, Lao Zi, Confucius, Zhuangzi, Mozi, Mencius and Xunzi. Hundreds of schools refer to the representatives of Confucianism, Taoism, Mohism, famous scholars and legalists.

The reason why the thoughts of various schools are collectively called political schools is because the basic purpose of each school is to provide political strategies for the monarch. Confucianism advocates reforming the people with morality; Taoism advocates governing by doing nothing; Legalists advocate that credit must be punished; Mohism advocates universal love for Shang Tong; Famous scholars advocate respecting soldiers and restraining generals.

After the Han Dynasty, Mohism and famous scholars became juexue, farmers became a technical discipline independently, and Yin and Yang schools evolved into metaphysics. Therefore, Confucianism, Taoism and law had an important influence on the politics of the later unified dynasty.

Extended data

Confucianism: Representative figures: Confucius, Mencius and Xunzi.

Representative works: Confucius, Mencius and Xunzi Confucianism are one of the important schools in the Warring States Period. It is an academic school in the Spring and Autumn Period, which takes Confucius as a teacher, takes six arts as the law, advocates the doctrine of the mean, loyalty, forgiveness and justice, advocates the rule of virtue and benevolent government, and attaches importance to moral and ethical education and human cultivation.

Taoism: Representative figures: Laozi and Zhuangzi.

Representative Works: Tao Te Ching and Zhuangzi Taoism is one of the important schools in the Warring States Period, also known as "Taoists". Based on Laozi's "Tao" theory at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, this school uses Tao to explain the essence, origin, composition and change of all things in the universe. It is believed that heaven does nothing and everything becomes life naturally. It denies that ghosts and gods dominate everything, advocates that Taoism is natural, let nature take its course, and advocates inaction.

Mohist school: representative figure: Mozi.

Representative Works: Mozi Mohism is one of the important schools in the Warring States Period, and its founder is Mo Zhai. The theoretical basis of this school is "mutual love and mutual benefit": treat others as yourself; Love is to love others as yourself. If the world loves each other, we can achieve the goal of mutual benefit. Politically, he advocated respecting sages and Shang Tong without attacking; Economically, it advocates vigorously saving costs; Put forward the idea of respecting heaven and ghosts.

Legalists: representatives: Han Fei, Li Si.

Representative works: Han Feizi was one of the important schools in the Warring States Period. It is called a legalist because it advocates the rule of law, "don't be close to people, don't be expensive, and be divorced from the law." In the Spring and Autumn Period, Guan Zhong and Zi Chan were the pioneers of legalist thought. In the early Warring States period, Li Kui, Shang Yang, Shen Buhai and Shen Dao founded the Legalist School. By the end of the Warring States period, Han Fei had integrated Shang Yang's "Fa", Shen Dao's "Teacher" and Shen Wu's "Shu" and combined the thoughts and theories of Legalists.

Master: Representative figures: Deng, Hui Shi, Gong Sunlong and Huan Tuan.

Representative Works: Master Gongsun Zilong was one of the important schools in the Warring States Period. He was called a master by later generations because he was engaged in academic activities focusing on debating names (names, views) and facts (facts).

Yin and Yang Family: Representative: Zou Yan.

Yin-Yang School is one of the important schools in the Warring States Period, which was named after advocating the theory of Yin-Yang and Five Elements and explaining social personnel. This school originated from the ruling class in charge of astronomical calendars in ancient times, and its representative was Zou Yan, a Qi man in the Warring States Period. Yin-yang theory holds that Yin-yang is the opposing and transforming force of things themselves, which can be used to explain the law of development and change of things.

Strategists: Representative figures: Su Qin and Zhang Yi.

China, a strategist whose main speech was circulated in The Warring States Policy, was an adviser who lobbied governors and engaged in political and diplomatic activities with the strategy of uniting Lian Heng during the Warring States Period. Be listed as one of the schools of thought. The main representatives are Su Qin and Yi Cheung. During the Warring States period, the north and south were vertical and the east and west were horizontal. Su Qin advocated that Yan, Zhao, Han, Wei, Qi and Chu should unite to repel Qin, while Zhang Yi tried to break the alliance. The six countries of Lian Heng were under the control of Qin respectively, hence the name.

Saint: Representative: Lv Buwei.

Miscellaneous school was a comprehensive school at the end of the Warring States Period. Lu Chunqiu, compiled by Qin Juke, was named after the combination of Confucianism and Mohism and hundred schools of thought's Tao. It is a typical collection of essays.

Nongjiale is one of the important schools in the Warring States Period.

It is named after attaching importance to agricultural production. This was sent by an official in charge of agricultural production in ancient times. They believe that agriculture is the basis of food and clothing, and should be put in the first place in all work. This school also pays attention to recording and summarizing agricultural production technology and experience.

Novelists, one of the nine pre-Qin writers, collect folk stories and investigate people's feelings and customs.

References:

Baidu encyclopedia-a hundred schools of thought contend