What historical knowledge is there about Beijing, a famous historical city in China?

1. The origin of the names of various places in Beijing. Beijing is an ancient capital with a history of more than 3,000 years. It has different names in different dynasties. In total, it has more than 20 nicknames.

1. The capital of Yan, according to historical records, in the 11th century BC, after King Wu of Zhou destroyed the Shang Dynasty, he was granted the title of emperor in Yao. After that, he established the capital in Sucheng and granted the title of Duke Zhao in Yan.

Yandu got its name from the fact that it was the capital of Yan State in ancient times.

Among the Seven Heroes of the Warring States Period was the State of Yan. It is said that the country got its name because of its proximity to Yanshan Mountain, and its capital was called "Yandu".

2. Rixia was first found in the "Book of Jin". Yingchuan is very close to Luoyang, the capital of the Jin Dynasty, so it is called Rixia.

Later, when Wang Bo, a poet of the Tang Dynasty, wrote "Preface to Prince Teng's Pavilion", he said, "I hope Chang'an will be in the sun, and Wu will meet in the clouds." This allusion was used, and from then on "Rixia" was used as the representative name of the capital.

3. Youzhou, one of the nine states in ancient times.

The name of Youzhou was first seen in "Shang Shu Shun Dian": "Yan said Youzhou." Youzhou was established in the Han, Wei, Jin and Tang dynasties, and it was all governed in the area around today's Beijing.

4. Capital. Before 742, the first year of Tianbao reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, Chang'an, the capital, was called the capital. From then on, the capital generally referred to the capital. After Beijing became the capital, it was often called the capital.

5. Nanjing, in 938, the first year of Emperor Taizong of the Liao Dynasty, the original Youzhou was promoted to Youdu Prefecture, named Nanjing, also known as Yanjing, as the companion capital of the Liao Dynasty.

At that time, the capital of Liao was Shangjing.

6. Dadu. In the Yuan Dynasty, the new city was rebuilt around Jin's palace, which is now Beihai Park. It was renamed Dadu in 1272, the ninth year of the reign of Emperor Shizu of the Yuan Dynasty, and is commonly known as Dadu in the Yuan Dynasty.

7. Peiping, in 1368, the first year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty, after Zhu Yuanzhang destroyed the Yuan Dynasty, in order to record his achievements in pacifying the north, the capital of the Yuan Dynasty was renamed Peking.

8. Beijing, in 1403, the first year of the Yongle reign of the Ming Dynasty, after Emperor Zhu Di, the Yongle Emperor of the Ming Dynasty, obtained the throne, he changed the fiefdom of Beiping Prefecture when he was King Yan to Shuntian Prefecture, built Beijing City, and prepared to move the capital here. This is the official name.

It is the beginning of Beijing and has a history of more than 600 years.

9. Capital: Chengzu of the Ming Dynasty moved the capital to Beijing in 1420, the 18th year of Yongle, and renamed it the capital until the Qing Dynasty.

10. Jingzhao. In the second year of the Republic of China, Shuntian Prefecture was abolished in 1913. In the following year, Jingzhao Prefecture was established and directly under the central government. Its scope included most of today's Beijing. In the 17th year of the Republic of China, Jingzhao Prefecture was abolished and Beijing was renamed Peking.

2. Beijing’s architectural history and culture 1. Traditional architecture Beijing is a national historical and cultural city with a history of three thousand years.

Beijing was the capital of six dynasties in history. In the more than 2,000 years since the Yan Kingdom, many magnificent palace buildings were built, making Beijing the city with the largest number and richest content of imperial palaces, gardens, temples and mausoleums in China.

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2. The Imperial Palace in Beijing was called the Imperial Palace in the Ming Dynasty and the Forbidden City in the Qing Dynasty. It was originally the imperial palace of the Ming and Qing dynasties, where 24 emperors lived. The magnificent architecture perfectly embodies the traditional Chinese classical style.

With its oriental style and oriental style, it is the largest existing palace in China and even the world, and is a precious cultural heritage of the Chinese nation.

The Temple of Heaven is famous both at home and abroad for its reasonable layout and exquisite construction. It was the place where emperors of the Ming and Qing Dynasties "worshiped heaven".

3. Siheyuan and Hutong Siheyuan is a general term for traditional northern residences with a main house, a side house, and east and west wing rooms surrounding a central courtyard to form a layout.

Beijing courtyard houses originated from courtyard-style residences in the Yuan Dynasty and are the most important residential buildings in old Beijing.

4. Temples Religious temples in Beijing are scattered all over the capital. The famous existing ones include: Buddhist Fayuan Temple, Tanzhe Temple, Jietai Temple, Yunju Temple, Badachu Temple, etc.

Taoist Baiyun Temple, etc.

Islamic Beijing Niujie Mosque, etc.

Tibetan Buddhism (Lamaism) Lama Temple, etc., Catholic Xishku Catholic Church, Wangfujing Catholic Church, etc.

Christian churches such as Gangwa City Church and Chongwenmen Church.