I'm about to fill in my volunteer. I hope my senior and senior sister can introduce me to your major, mainly the direction of employment and study. thank you

My major is measurement and control technology and instruments. This major is an interdisciplinary and compound talent major. Very promising. Historical evolution of measurement and control technology and instrument specialty

1. After the founding of New China. During the period of China's first five-year plan from 195 1, a number of large-scale backbone enterprises were established. Because enterprises must be equipped with instruments, the central government decided to set up instruments specialty in urgently needed universities. It was established with the direct help of experts from the former Soviet Union.

2. 1952 After the adjustment of colleges and departments in universities across the country, the Central Ministry of Education entrusted Tianjin University to set up the "Precision Mechanical Instrument Specialty" and Zhejiang University to set up the "Optical Mechanical Instrument Specialty".

3. In the great development stage from the end of 1950s to the end of 1970s, the number of musical instrument majors increased by more than ten, and the division of majors became more and more detailed.

After the reform and opening up, higher education has developed rapidly. In order to meet the needs of market economy, personnel training has changed from single to diversified, and vocational education has changed from junior college education to general education. Therefore, the documents of the relevant state departments decided to try out the catalogue of oriented majors for engineering undergraduates, which made great adjustments to the majors of engineering undergraduates at that time, including cancellation or merger. Finally, it is decided to implement the new undergraduate specialty catalogue. Only one undergraduate major of "Measurement and Control Technology and Instrument" is set in the new catalogue, covering more than ten majors of original instrument disciplines such as precision instrument, optical technology and photoelectric instrument, detection technology and instrument, electronic instrument and measurement technology, geometric measurement and test, thermal measurement and test, mechanical measurement and test, optical measurement and test, radio measurement and test, detection technology and precision instrument, analytical instrument, etc.

In recent years, with the development of science and technology, especially the rapid development of information technology, the connotation of instrument technology has changed greatly, from mechanical technology to mechatronics, and then it has become a branch of information technology that integrates optics, machinery, electricity and computers and integrates modern high technology. The specialty of measurement and control technology and instrument has also become a member of information technology specialty. Because the instrument discipline contains contemporary advanced science and technology, the specialty of measurement and control technology and instrument cultivates compound talents with knowledge structure, and the market demand is good, which leads to the rapid development of this discipline. At present, there are more than a dozen colleges and universities offering this major, which has grown to more than 160, covering 30 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions in China.

Instruments and information

How to obtain the information of nature is the first problem to be solved in the process of human understanding and transforming the world. Information acquisition is an important foundation of information transmission and information processing, and instruments are tools for human beings to acquire natural information and basic means and equipment for measuring and controlling information in the material world, so instruments are the source and important part of information industry.

"If a worker wants to do a good job, he must sharpen his tools first."

1. In industrial production, instruments are "multipliers".

2. In scientific research, instruments are "pioneers".

Militarily, the instrument is "combat effectiveness".

Modern instruments are still "materialized judges" in today's society.

Characteristics of instrument technology and instrument discipline

Instrumentation is a technical discipline, some of which are applied basic disciplines. High-tech is not only the main feature of modern instruments, but also the only way to revitalize the instrument industry and the mainstream of the development of instruments and their industries in the new century.

To sum up, instrument science and technology has the following characteristics:

1. Instrumentation technology is a knowledge-intensive, technology-intensive and interdisciplinary comprehensive discipline.

2. Instrumentation technology is a subject that combines multi-disciplinary high-tech.

3. Being at the forefront of modern high-tech development, the latest scientific and technological achievements in various disciplines are often applied to instruments first and fastest.

This object has unique characteristics. Due to the diversity of applications, the performance structures of various musical instruments vary widely.

5. The instrument structure has broken through the traditional optical, mechanical and electrical framework, and developed rapidly in the direction of computerization, systematization, networking, intelligence and multi-function: it has the distinct characteristics of integration of machinery, light, intelligence, information, system and network.

6. Start fermentation. Due to the pioneer of instrument science and technology, multiplier, fighting capacity and the enabling role of materialized judges, as well as the ubiquitous application fields of "food, clothing, housing, agriculture, land, ocean and air", instruments have a great fermentation effect on the comprehensive national strength of the country.

7. "Three highs and three lows" means high technology, high input and high output; Low energy consumption, low material consumption and low pollution. Its product performance has high precision, sensitivity, reliability and environmental adaptability; Most of the production characteristics belong to multi-variety and small batch.

Instrumentation discipline should include: instrument science and technology research, instrument science and engineering education. For a long time, the talent training mode of colleges and universities in China has always been to implement "specialist" education. After the implementation of the new professional catalogue, the specialty of measurement and control technology and instrument has become the only instrument discipline specialty in colleges and universities in China, covering the whole instrument science and technology, and the talent training mode has begun to enter the era of general education.

The specialty of measurement and control technology and instrument is the only undergraduate major in the instrument discipline of colleges and universities in China. The corresponding first-level discipline name of postgraduate education is instrument discipline and technology, which is divided into two two disciplines: precision instrument and machinery, and test and measurement technology and instrument.

The characteristics of instrument major mainly include:

1. Instrumentation is an interdisciplinary subject with the characteristics of knowledge-intensive, technology-intensive and rich connotation, which is conducive to cultivating broad-caliber and compound talents.

2. Instrumentation discipline is a frontier discipline of comprehensive application of various high and new technologies, which is beneficial for students to understand the latest scientific and technological achievements and master the latest science and technology.

3. To have a solid foundation in mathematics and physics, it is necessary to undergo comprehensive training in multiple disciplines and face many application objects, which is conducive to students being influenced by scientific methods and scientific ideas and broadening their thinking; Conducive to the cultivation of innovative talents.

4. The comprehensive effect of the above characteristics is not only conducive to the cultivation of qualified musical instrument talents, but also conducive to the cultivation of "generalists" and "handsome talents".

Knowledge structure and curriculum system of measurement and control technology and instrument specialty

The specialty of measurement and control technology and instrument is to study the theory and technology of information acquisition and preprocessing, as well as the control of related components; It is a high-tech intensive comprehensive discipline formed by the mutual penetration of electronics, optics, precision machinery, computers and information technology.

The training goal of this major: export-oriented senior engineering and technical personnel who can engage in scientific research, product design and manufacturing, scientific and technological development, enterprise management and other fields such as computer application, electronic information, precision machinery, measurement and control.

With the rapid development of electronic information technology, the connotation of instruments has changed greatly compared with the past. Its structure has developed from a simple mechanical structure and electromechanical structure into a product integrating sensor technology, computer technology, electronic technology, modern optics, precision machinery and other high and new technologies, and its use has also developed from a simple data acquisition to a measurement and control system integrating data acquisition, signal transmission, signal processing and control.

This paper analyzes the contents, basic concepts and scientific and technological fields involved in instrument science and technology. The knowledge structure system of measurement and control technology and instrument specialty should be composed of three levels, including five knowledge fields, as follows

① The basic knowledge layer includes a knowledge field, namely, mathematics and electromechanical foundation: mathematics (including advanced mathematics, linear algebra, probability and mathematical statistics, complex variable function), physics (college physics and experimental physics), chemistry, engineering optics, engineering mechanics, circuit foundation, electronic technology foundation (analog electricity and digital electricity), computer software technology, computer principle, microcomputer principle and interface, and engineering drawing.

② The knowledge layer of measurement and control includes three knowledge fields, namely, information acquisition and testing technology, information processing and control, intelligence and other new technologies. The technical fields of sensing and testing include: testing theory, sensing technology, error and data processing, measurement and control circuit, detection technology, quality engineering, computer vision, photoelectric measurement technology, micro-nano measurement technology and so on. The technical fields of information processing and control include: signal and system, digital signal processing, data structure, pattern recognition, image processing, automatic control principle, modern control theory, intelligent control technology, adaptive control and so on. The fields of intelligence and other new technologies include artificial intelligence, modeling technology and simulation technology.

③ The system knowledge layer includes a knowledge field, namely, measurement and control system and engineering. Measurement and control system and engineering technology include: measurement and control technology and system, measurement and control instrument design, measurement instrument bus, virtual instrument technology and so on.

Graduates majoring in measurement and control technology and instruments should have the following knowledge and ability.

(1) a solid foundation in natural science, humanities and social sciences, and strong foreign language comprehensive ability.

(2) Master the basic theoretical knowledge of mathematics, physics, chemistry, machinery, electricity, computer basic theory and applied technology.

(3) Have a good grasp of the test theory and technical foundation, system control theory and method, have professional knowledge and skills in the direction of 1-2, and understand the frontier and development trend of this discipline.

(4) Get better training in test system analysis, design and engineering practice.

(5) have certain scientific research or technical development and organizational management capabilities in this professional field.

⑥ Team spirit and effective communication skills with scientific and technical personnel in different fields.

The specialty of measurement and control technology and instrument requires graduates not only to have solid and rich theoretical knowledge, but also to have strong practical ability. Some requirements are listed below:

First, mechanical specialty

(1) has the ability to read and draw mechanical drawings, and has the ability to use computers for mechanical design.

(2) Understand the processing methods of various typical mechanical parts, understand the performance of common engineering materials and choose them.

③ Ability to design instrument structure.

Ⅱ electronics discipline

(1) Master the use of common electronic instruments.

② Have a certain knowledge of electronic technology.

Master the design and simulation methods of electronic circuits, and have the ability to analyze, design and debug typical circuits.

ⅲ optics discipline

① Choose optical elements to construct optical system.

② Master the basic optical path design and installation and debugging methods.

Four measurement and control technology

(1) Master the use of common measuring instruments and be familiar with the detection methods of typical physical quantities.

② Be able to design a simple measurement and control system.

③ Master the general methods of signal acquisition, transmission, processing and detection.

④ Understand the performance of common sensors and control elements, and learn to choose.

Computer technology

(1) Master computer knowledge and be proficient in computer operation.

(2) Understand the basic functions and application fields of commonly used engineering application software, and master the usage methods of commonly used engineering software.

③ Being able to solve various engineering design problems with computers, having the ability of computer software programming, mastering microprocessor and interface technology, and having the ability of designing and debugging computer application systems.