Who invented mahjong?

There are different opinions about the origin of mahjong, and it is not sure who invented it. The origin of mahjong has the following legends:

1, On the Origin of Sparrow Brand

Regarding the origin of mahjong, the most mainstream view is "mahjong". Mahjong tiles, also known as sparrow tiles and sparrow tiles, were originally "grain protection tiles" in Taicang, Jiangsu.

According to relevant data, there used to be a royal granary in Taicang City, Jiangsu Province, which hoarded rice for the "South Grain to North Transfer Project" all the year round. Many natural birds suffer from food, and a lot of food is lost every year because of the pain of birds. In order to reward the bird catcher and protect the grain, the officials in charge of the granary recorded the number of birds with bamboo pieces and paid them accordingly. This is Taicang's "food protection card".

This card is engraved with various symbols and numbers, which can be watched and played, and can also be used as a voucher for exchanging bonuses. The games, symbols and appellations of this kind of food protection card are all related to bird catching.

2. The theory of the origin of Ye Zige.

In the Ming Dynasty, there was a man named Wan Bingtiao (or Wan Bingzhang) who created mahjong on the basis of Ye Zige Opera, with his own name "Wan Bingtiao" as the three basic colors.

3. The origin theory of horse labels

Some people say that mahjong, horse and playing cards have evolved. Entertainment games such as horse cards and cards are inextricably linked with Bo Opera, the oldest entertainment game in China history. Even "blood" relationship. Popular games and entertainments such as chess and cards are all developed, derived and evolved on the basis of Bo Opera.

When did Bo Gu Opera begin? It is difficult to tell the exact time. According to the Records of Historical Records and other related documents, there were operas of Bohai State at least before Yin Dynasty. The earliest opera in China was called "Liubo", with six pieces, 12 pieces. The stick is a long bamboo product, which is equivalent to the dice used to play mahjong today.

4. The origin of Zheng He's voyages to the West.

When Zheng He went to the Western Ocean in the Ming Dynasty, there was no entertainment equipment on board, so the soldiers on board could only gamble with dice as a pastime. However, the soldiers were tired during the long voyage. Some soldiers often miss home, and some even try to resist and kill Zheng He and others. In order to stabilize the military, Zheng He invented an entertainment tool.

Zheng He carved 1-9 "strips" with more than 100 pieces of small wood chips as the brand and fleet on the basis of cards, tooth cards and Pai Jiu, and then carved 1-9 "barrels" according to the number of fresh water barrels loaded on the ship. Then, according to the wind direction, four wind directions "East, West, North and South" were carved. And carved 1-9 "ten thousand" with attractive money.

Then take "China soldiers are imported" as the slogan. Carve a red "clock" and then carve four flower cards according to the seasons of the year. Finally, if you don't know what to carve, you won't carve anything. This is the "whiteboard".

Extended data:

Mahjong not only has unique game features, but also has rich connotations and a long history. It has intelligence, fun and game functions, charm and oriental cultural characteristics, so it has become an important part of China's traditional cultural treasure house.

Mahjong is very popular in the vast urban and rural areas of China. Its popularity has covered all social strata and fields, entered thousands of households, and become the largest and most influential intellectual sports activity in China. The objective existence of mahjong is an unavoidable reality in China today.

20 17 April, the International Intellectual Sports Federation announced that Mahjong has officially become the sixth largest intellectual sports event in the world after bridge, chess, Go, chess and checkers.

The international standard mahjong, referred to as the national standard mahjong for short, is a way of playing mahjong, and its rules were formulated by the State Sports General Administration of China in July 2006 1998. Later, it was used in many international and domestic mahjong competitions, so it was called national mahjong.

Playback process

Shuffle: Turn all the cards over so that they face down. Players rub cards with both hands to make them move evenly and disorderly, which is called "shuffling".

Code cards: after washing evenly, each person codes 36 cards, and two cards are stacked on top of each other to form a pier, each of which is 18 pier, which is coded into a card wall and placed in front of his house, and the four-person card wall is connected left and right to form a square.

Opening cards: In national mahjong, the dealer rolls the dice, and the points obtained by the sum of the two dice are the opening base. Take the dealer as the first, count counterclockwise, and the position of the points is the card wall for opening cards. Counting the piers with the same number of points in turn from right to left, the dealer starts to grab two cards, and the next one draws cards in clockwise order until everyone draws three cards *** 12, then the dealer jumps cards (every pier) to grab the above two cards, and others draw one card in turn. The dealer * * * has a card of 14, and everyone else has a card of 13.

Divide cards, judge cards and fill in flowers: sort out the cards in your hand, arrange them neatly, and judge the cards. If there is a flower card in hand, the dealer will fill it in first, that is, take a card from the end of the card wall. The other three companies fill the flowers one by one in turn. If the flowers are patched, they will be patched after that round.

Playing cards: Playing cards is the process of playing cards. From the first card played by the dealer, this process includes card grabbing, playing cards, eating cards, touching cards, opening bars (open bars and hidden bars), replenishing cards until cards are drawn or discarded.

References:

Baidu encyclopedia-mahjong