Introduction to the development of artificial intelligence

The development of artificial intelligence can be divided into initial development period, reflective development period, application development period, stable development period and vigorous development period.

The initial development period refers to the period of 1943- 1960. This period is the birth and embryonic stage of artificial intelligence, and some important theories and experiments have appeared, such as neuron model, Turing test, perceptron and expert system. The period of reflective development refers to1970s, which is the first trough of artificial intelligence. Due to the limitation of technology and theory, some difficult problems are exposed, such as common sense reasoning, semantic understanding and knowledge acquisition.

The application development period is 1980, which is the second climax of artificial intelligence. Due to the successful application of expert system and the launch of the fifth generation computer program in Japan, artificial intelligence has been paid attention to and invested again. The period of stable development refers to the period of 1990-20 10, which is the stage of stable development of artificial intelligence. Due to the progress of computer hardware and software, artificial intelligence has made some important achievements and breakthroughs in various fields. The period of vigorous development refers to 20 1 1 year, which has made amazing achievements in various fields.

Training direction of artificial intelligence

1. Related research directions of basic theory of artificial intelligence, such as artificial intelligence model and theory, mathematical basis of artificial intelligence, optimization theory learning method, machine learning theory, brain science and brain-like intelligence, etc.

2. Related research directions of artificial intelligence technology, such as intelligent perception technology, computer vision, natural language understanding, intelligent control and decision-making.

3. Research direction of artificial intelligence support technology, such as artificial intelligence architecture and system, artificial intelligence development tools, artificial intelligence framework, intelligent chips, etc.

4. Related research directions of artificial intelligence application technology, including but not limited to intelligent manufacturing, robots, driverless, intelligent networked cars, intelligent transportation, intelligent medical care, machine translation and scientific calculation. Give full play to the empowering role of artificial intelligence in various disciplines or fields and form a characteristic training direction.

5. Related research directions of artificial intelligence and intelligent social governance, such as artificial intelligence ethics and governance based on the close combination of artificial intelligence technical attributes and social attributes, and related technical directions of trustworthy security, fairness and privacy protection.