Report on Fuxin Culture

Fuxin has a long history and rich folklore. The Chahai people have lived in Fuxin since the early Neochristian period, and it is called "the first village in China". In 479 A.D., the Khitan tribe in the north submitted to the Northern Wei Dynasty and gradually moved south to Fuxin, where they built a large number of prefectural towns and towers after the establishment of the Liao Kingdom. Therefore, there are a large number of remnants of the Liao Dynasty and Liao after the burials; into the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the gradual rise of Lamaism, built more than 360 large and small temples, known as the "East Tibet" Ruiying Temple has a "famous Lama 3,000 six, nameless Lama countless," said. Folk Mongolian people believe in Lamaism, in daily life, no matter marriage and funeral, old age, sickness and death, building houses are to do Buddhist activities; echoed with this and the Haitang Mountain, Thousand Buddha Mountain cliff statues. The rich history and culture inevitably affect the people's daily life pattern, and gradually formed the folk culture. For example, "Lama Stew", "Lama Lamb" and "Mongolian Pie" in the food culture, Mongolian men's robes, women's embroidered robes, vests, etc. in the clothing culture, and the classic dance of the monastery, Chama Dance; There are also Mongolian "Ovoo Sacrifice" and "Naadam" festivals. Folk crafts include painting, paper-cutting and kites. Sports and recreational customs are "running the Yellow River", donkey shadow, rice-planting songs and so on, these folk matters, not only closely accompanied by the development of history and survival, development, demise, evolution, but also its unique refraction, reflecting the social life of each historical period, cultural creation and people's spiritual outlook.

The food culture of Fuxin

Lama series of food is unique in Fuxin Mongolian cuisine, such as lama meat, lama porridge and lama cake.

I. Lama Cake

Lama cake is a traditional pastry of Fuxin Mongolians. Its production method is to use refined flour, sugar, eggs as the main raw materials, with melon seeds child kernel, green and red silk, cinnamon as auxiliary ingredients, into the oven baked and made. Its characteristics are white as snow, sweet flavor, soft texture, elasticity, is suitable for both young and old nutritious food.

II. Lama Stew

The method of making Lama Stew was invented by the lamas who lived in Ruiying Temple. Because there were thousands of lamas at that time, so the food had to be stewed in big pots, big pots, big bowls. Over time, the lama stew was gradually created in an environment where it was adapted to the use of vegetables by many people, and a set of fixed practices was formed. Over the years, it spread to the people, and was accepted by the masses, especially in the Fuxin Mongolian areas, Lama stew has become a pride of the Mongolian family hospitality.

Three. Lama meat porridge

Lama originally did not eat meat, it is rumored that the lama meat is forced out. As Ruiying Temple has been continuously expanded and improved, it has formed a magnificent Tibetan-style architectural complex. In its heyday, it was rumored that "the famous lama three thousand six, nameless lama race cow hair". In order to solve the problem of many lamas to eat, Ruiying Temple of the living Buddha sent the big lama Zaga to Beijing casting cauldron. Zaga lived in Beijing for a year and 99 days, after a hundred efforts, cast a large copper pot for eight thousand people to eat. And after a lot of hard work, the big copper pot back to the Ruiying Temple. Temple in the size of the lama are very happy. The big lama Zaga thought that he would be rewarded for his work in casting the pot. But the living Buddha did not reward him. The big lama was very angry, and soon died of anger. After his death, his ghost lingered on and haunted the monastery. The lamas who were obsessed with him made a lot of noise, cried and laughed, causing the whole monastery to be in a state of unrest. This living Buddha led the lamas to pray, read "Ganzhu Sutra" to drive away the evil spirits, dancing Chama dance to drive away the ghosts, but all to no avail. At the time of no solution, a small lama found the living Buddha, said: we Lamaism never eat meat, I think from now on we start to eat meat, meat through the seven orifices, the big lama's ghost will not dare to possess the body." The living Buddha turned his eyeballs around and, with the idea of trying it out, said, "Then put some meat in the porridge pot today and boil meat porridge to eat it and see if it works." The whole monastery lama eat meat porridge, really drove away the big lama's dark soul. From then on, not only Ruiying Temple lamas eat meat porridge, other temples lamas also eat meat porridge. Because of the lama meat porridge by the fire slowly boiled, not only rice thick meat rotten, and meat is not greasy, sweet and savory, and soon spread to the people, become a good hospitality.

Mongolian pies

Mongolian pies are a kind of Mongolian flavor pasta in Fuxin area, which has a history of more than three hundred years. It is one of the main foods used by Mongolian families to entertain their guests. Whenever you visit a Mongolian family, they will serve this kind of pasta as the best meal to their guests.

Soba

Soba is made from mature buckwheat grain hulling processed, with the reputation of natural green food. Fuxin region is rich in buckwheat, due to the special geographic location, Fuxin region buckwheat is not only good quality, but also very rich in nutrients, nutrients complete, with its various types of food is not only delicious, delicate taste, but also has other food irreplaceable nutritional value.

Fuxin eight specialties of the product brand:

1, agate products series; 2, Jinlin brand maiyan stone series products; 3, Naren Guang brand sea buckthorn oil series products; 4, new green silk noodles; 5, three ditch old cellar wine; 5, Meixue Beer; 7, the red robe apricot; 8, Longsheng brand Northeast China's large pickled cabbage.

Religious Culture in Fuxin

Tibetan Buddhism, also known as Lamaism, was founded by Tsongkhapa, the Lama of Qinghai. Lamaism was introduced to the Northeast before the Qing Dynasty's entry into China, and it was vigorously promoted after the Qing Dynasty's entry into China. In the process of conquering Inner Mongolia, the Qing rulers knew that the Mongols were very tough, and only by means of religion could they turn their bravery and martial arts into cowardice and docility. Therefore, the support of Lamaism as a national policy, with Lamaism to control Mongolia. Qing Shunzhi eight years (1651), in today's Fuxin Mongolian Autonomous County, Fu Rong Town, the construction of Ruichang Temple (i.e., the Black Emperor Temple), Lamaism that is imported into this place.

In the Fuxin area, the Lama Temple, more lamas, can be said to be the Mongolian region of the most of the League and Banner. According to the survey: "Fuxin area in the Qing Dynasty, there are more than 360 Lama temples. The implementation of the flag has a flag temple, the village has a village temple, larger portals should also have a family temple ", Fuxin is not a large area, but the whole territory of the Emperor's plaque given by the Lama Temple 4, they are Ruiying Temple (Buddhist Temple), You'an Temple (Yu Lama Temple), Pu'an Temple (Begonia Hill) and Jixing Temple (Tazhigou). Among them, Ruiying Temple (also known as Gegen Sumu, the Chinese translation of the Buddhist temple), was built in the eighth year of the Kangxi (1669), the thirty-eighth year of the Kangxi (1699), the imperial decree to allocate state funds for the expansion of the temple was completed in 1704, the Emperor of the Kangxi Emperor's personal plaque, "Ruiying Temple", is the largest Fuxin region, but also one of the largest temples in the eastern Mongolian region.

The Mongolian people's belief in the Yellow Religion began in the fifth year of the Wanli reign of the Ming Dynasty (1578 AD). The chief of the Tumut tribe, I-Ta Khan, invited Sonam Gyatso, the leader of the Yellow Religion, to spread Lamaism in the Mongolian region, and formulated initiatives related to the spread and protection of Lamaism. He built temples and translated the Tibetan scriptures, and became the first Mongolian tribe to convert and spread the Yellow Religion culture.In the 1720s, the Mongolian Ching migrated to Fuxin with the Tumut tribe, and began the spread of Tibetan Buddhism in Fuxin.

From the beginning of the Qing Dynasty to the end of the Qing Dynasty, Fuxin area **** built more than two hundred lamasery. Among them, the Shunzhi years 3, 27 during the Kangxi period, 14 during the Yongzheng years, 35 during the Qianlong years, 48 during the Jiaqing years, 45 during the Daoguang years, 4 during the Xianfeng years, 6 during the Tongzhi years, 15 during the Guangxu years, 2 during the Xuantong years. Most of these temples are distributed in Mongolia, the most prosperous period of living in the temple lamas more than 20,000 people, 194 in the left banner of Tumet, Suluk region ① only 8. These temples in the believers funded the construction of 182, by the flag Zasak and Zasak officials funded the construction of the flag temple, the family temple has 14. By the Qing court funded the construction of 6, which is a large-scale, more influential is the Ruiying Temple. Qing Emperor Kangxi's plaque Ruiying Temple, is a Tibetan temple architectural style, with its majestic, grand scale, was listed as a provincial key cultural relics protection units. Beijing Yonghe Palace abbot and part of the lama from the Ruiying Temple, Ruiying Temple of the "Menba Zacang" for the development of the cause of Mongolian medicine to train a large number of talents. Pu'an Temple site location of Haitang Mountain cliff statue group, now well-preserved statue of Buddha has 267, the shape of the statue of Buddha set of history, art, appreciation of value in one of the world's wonders, is China's well-preserved relief modeling art treasures; created in the Qing Dynasty during the period of the Haizhou Temple (Maitreya Bodhisattva Achievement House), Fuxin City, Fuxin City, the only surviving an ancient Tibetan Buddhist temple complex, the Temple The temple is built on the mountain. The Mongolian word "Haizhou" means mountainside, from which the name "Haizhou Temple" is derived. Ruiying Temple construction and scale is an important symbol of the spread and development of Tibetan Buddhism to the East.

Fuxin area to Ruiying Temple as the center, the formation of "ten miles a temple, five miles a temple," the Buddhist shrine. Many people come here to pray for blessings and worship the living Buddha. Ruiying Temple has become the center of Tibetan Buddhist culture in Fuxin.