What is biopharmaceutical? What kind of medicine?

Biopharmaceuticals refers to the use of microbiology, biology, medicine, biochemistry and other research results, from organisms, biological tissues, cells, body fluids, etc., the comprehensive use of microbiology, chemistry, biochemistry, biotechnology, pharmacy and other scientific principles and methods to manufacture a class of products for the prevention, treatment and diagnosis. The raw materials of biological drugs are mainly natural biological materials, including microorganisms, human body, animals, plants, marine organisms and so on. With the development of biotechnology, biological raw materials artificially produced with a purpose have become the main source of raw materials for biopharmaceuticals. For example, animal raw materials obtained by immunization method, microorganisms or other cellular raw materials obtained by changing the genetic structure. Biological drugs are characterized by high pharmacological activity, low toxic side effects and high nutritional value. Biological drugs are mainly proteins, nucleic acids, sugars, lipids and so on. The constituent units of these substances are amino acids, nucleotides, monosaccharides, fatty acids, etc., which are not only harmless to the human body but also important nutrients. The camp of biological drugs is huge and developing rapidly.

At present, half of the world's pharmaceuticals have been biosynthesized, especially when synthesizing drugs with complex molecular structures, it is not only easier than the chemical synthesis method, but also has a higher economic efficiency.

Over the past half century, microbial transformation in the drug development of a series of breakthrough applications to the pharmaceutical industry to create a huge medical value and economic benefits. Microbial pharmaceutical industrial production is characterized by the use of a certain microorganisms to "pure state", that is, not only the "seed" to be superior and can only be a kind of, such as other strains come in that is a stray bacteria. For fixed products, there must be the most suitable "rice" - medium for it to grow according to the process. The composition of the medium can not be changed at will, a strain in the same fermentation medium, because only less or more of a certain component, the fermentation of the finished product is completely different. Such as Streptomyces aureus in the chloride-containing medium can form aureomycin, while in the absence of chloride or in the medium added to inhibit the generation of chlorinated substances, the production of tetracycline. Drug-producing bacteria put into fermenter production must undergo an expanded preparation of seeds. From the preservation of the strain slant transferred to the shake flask culture, the growth of good shake flask seed access to the culture of a large amount of seed tanks, growth can be accessed after the fermenter culture. There are different fermentation tanks for different fermentation scales, such as 10 tons, 30 tons, 50 tons, 100 tons, and even larger tanks. This is just like the different sizes of pots and pans we use for cooking.

We eat vitamins, erythromycin, Zeomicin, etc., injection of penicillin, streptomycin, gentamicin, etc. is a different microbial fermentation. The vast majority of antibiotics that have been used in medicine come from microorganisms, and each product has strict production standards. Predicting the progress of biopharmaceutical research, it will be widely used in the treatment of cancer, AIDS, coronary heart disease, anemia, dysplasia, diabetes and many other diseases.