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Fireworks are set off on New Year's Eve, except for the Chinese New Year.

Eat moon cakes and enjoy the moon in the Mid-Autumn Festival.

Rowing dragon boats and eating zongzi in memory of Qu Yuan.

Double ninth festival mountaineering

Spring Festival is the first day of the first lunar month, also known as lunar calendar (Lunar New Year), commonly known as "Chinese New Year", and it is the most grand and lively ancient traditional festival of the Chinese nation.

According to historical records, the Spring Festival originated from the activities of offering sacrifices to gods and ancestors in the late Yin and Shang Dynasties. In the Western Han Dynasty, the annual New Year was set in the first month of late spring, but it was not the first day of the first month, but the twelfth day, which was later Laba. After the Northern and Southern Dynasties, La Worship was moved to the end of the year. In ancient times, the Lunar New Year was not called "Spring Festival". During the Republic of China, the first day of the first lunar month was officially named "Spring Festival", because the Spring Festival was usually around the beginning of spring. The Chinese New Year in ancient China was always associated with superstition of ghosts and gods, and the most important thing during the Spring Festival was to play with ghosts. From the time Laba ate Laba porridge, both the imperial court and the people dressed as ghosts and worshipped the Kitchen God who was in charge of good or bad luck on the 23rd of the twelfth lunar month, so as to have food and clothing in the coming year. In the meantime, every household should clean up the dirt and prevent diseases. On the thirtieth day of the twelfth lunar month, we have to stick a door-to-door deity, paste Spring Festival couplets, paste the word "Fu", cut window grilles, hang colorful flags, steam rice cakes, eat jiaozi, set off firecrackers, stand guard on New Year's Eve, and pay New Year's greetings to each other on New Year's Day. Today, the long history makes the Spring Festival a traditional festival symbolizing the unity, happiness and hope of the people of China.

the Lantern Festival

The 15th day of the first lunar month (the old method of calculating cycles in China) is the traditional Lantern Festival in China. Lantern Festival is named because its festival activities are held on the fifteenth night of the first month of each year.

Lantern Festival is also called "Lantern Festival" and "Lantern Festival" because the main activity of this festival is to light lights at night. In addition, the Lantern Festival is also called "Shangyuan" and "Shangyuan Festival".

During the Lantern Festival, every household in China will hang lanterns and set off fireworks. The streets are covered with colorful lanterns, and crystal clear ice lanterns will be made in cold areas such as Northeast China and Xinjiang. In the evening, the whole family will sit around and enjoy the delicious Lantern Festival.

The formation of the Lantern Festival custom originated from the early Han Dynasty in ancient China (206 BC-23 AD). On the fifteenth day of the first month, the Han family offered sacrifices to a god who was kind to Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. This god, named "Taiyi", is said to be above the five emperors, so he got a richer sacrifice. When Emperor Han Ming arrived, the custom of decorating and viewing lanterns was formed because the emperor had ordered the Lantern Festival to burn lanterns.

Double Ninth Festival

The ninth day of the ninth lunar month is an ancient traditional festival in China-the Double Ninth Festival. The ancients in China regarded nine as the number of yang, and on the ninth day of September, two yang was heavy, so it was called "Chongyang". Double Ninth Festival, also known as "Old People's Day".

On the Double Ninth Festival, people enjoy chrysanthemums, wear dogwood, climb mountains with wine, and have a good swim and drink.

There is an interesting story about the origin of the Double Ninth Festival. During the Eastern Han Dynasty (25-220), the alchemist said to his disciple Huan Jing, "On September 9th, there was a great disaster in your family. If you put Cornus officinalis in a red bag and hang it on your arm, you can avoid it. " Huan Jing led the whole family to take refuge in the mountains that day, and came back at night to find that all the chickens and dogs at home were dead. Since then, on September 9th every year, people have climbed mountains to avoid evil spirits, so they have followed this custom and become a festival.

Mountain climbing on the Double Ninth Festival is the main custom of this festival. Throughout the ages, Han officials and people flocked to climb mountains on September 9. People living in the Jiangnan Plain have no mountains to climb and no heights to climb, so they imitate rice cake and insert a colorful pennant on the cake surface to show the meaning of climbing (cake) to avoid disaster.

Another reason why people, especially the elderly, attach importance to "climbing" is that "high" means longevity, so people think that "climbing" can lead to longevity.

Poets of all ages like to write poems on the Double Ninth Festival. In the Tang Dynasty (6 18-907), Wang Wei, a great poet, wrote: "I am a stranger when I am alone in a foreign land. Every holiday, I miss my loved ones twice, and I know from a distance where my brothers have climbed, and there is another person missing from the dogwood. " That kind of homesickness from afar is deeply moving.

There are also customs such as inserting dogwood, drinking chrysanthemum wine and eating double ninth festival cake. Cornus officinalis, also known as Moongum, is a traditional Chinese medicine plant with strong smell. The ancients in China thought that folding it with a plug could prevent evil spirits from invading. After smoking, you can avoid insect bites. At this time when the "hundred-legged insect is dead but not stiff", it is in line with traditional health habits to smoke her to avoid it, just like smoking realgar on the Dragon Boat Festival.

Chrysanthemum is a famous flower with a long history in China. In addition to chrysanthemum appreciation, the Double Ninth Festival also has therapeutic value. So the ancients used their roots, stems, leaves and flowers to make wine. The production method of chrysanthemum wine in Jin Dynasty is: "Collect chrysanthemum stems and leaves, mix them with glutinous rice to make wine, and use them until September of the following year."

In Ming dynasty (1368- 1644), chrysanthemum wine was made of "sweet chrysanthemum soup, with the same tune and the same rice". Or adding Radix Rehmanniae and Radix Angelicae Sinensis. Li Shizhen, a medical scientist in the Ming Dynasty, said that chrysanthemum wine has the curative effect of "treating head wind, clearing eyes and ears, eliminating flaccidity and arthralgia, and eliminating all diseases".

Chongyang Flower Cake is a seasonal delicacy made of japonica rice, which is eaten on the Double Ninth Festival. Exquisite Chongyang cake should be made into nine layers, like a pagoda, with two lambs on it, which conforms to the meaning of Chongyang (sheep).

Laba Festival

The eighth day of the twelfth lunar month is the traditional Laba Festival in China. "La" was originally the name of a sacrificial ceremony in ancient China, which was used to worship ancestors and the gods of heaven and earth, and to pray for a bumper harvest of grain and a peaceful and auspicious family in the coming year.

Because activities in La Worship are usually held in December, it is called the twelfth lunar month, but the date in La Worship is not fixed. In ancient times, it was said that there were eight gods in La Worship, so the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month became a fixed anniversary. It was called "La Ri" in ancient times, commonly known as Laba Festival. Later, Buddhism was introduced to China, and it was said that the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month was the day when Buddha Sakyamuni was enlightened. Therefore, this day is also a Buddhist festival, called "Taoist Festival".

In addition to ancestor worship and worship, people have to drive away epidemics and eat "Laba porridge". China has a history of drinking Laba porridge for 1000 years. On the day of Laba, Laba porridge is cooked in the imperial court, yamen, temples and people's homes.

In the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911), the custom of drinking laba porridge became more popular. At court, emperors, queens and princes give laba porridge to civil and military ministers and attendants, and distribute rice and fruit to monasteries for monks to eat. In the folk, every household should also make Laba porridge to worship their ancestors. At the same time, family members get together for dinner and give gifts to relatives and friends.

Eating Laba porridge has become Laba's unique holiday food culture. Laba porridge, also known as Qibao Wuwei porridge, is made of all kinds of rice, beans and dried fruits. Because its origin is related to Buddhism, it is also called "Buddha porridge" and "Fude porridge". Laba porridge appeared as early as the Song Dynasty (960- 1297) in China, and it has a history of thousands of years.

In the Ming Dynasty (1368- 1644), laba porridge became a seasonal food given to courtiers by the emperor. This custom was common in Qing Dynasty (1644-1911). On the day of Laba Festival, the palace cooked Laba porridge in a cauldron and asked the monks to chant Buddhist scriptures. The queen distributed porridge to civil and military ministers and attendants. Monks in the temple will hold a grand chanting and tonsure on this day to celebrate Sakyamuni's enlightenment. At the same time, we will offer the cooked Laba porridge, such as miscellaneous grains and dried fruits, to the Buddha and give them to the people who come to the grand event. In the Lama Temple in Beijing, there is still a big copper pot used to cook porridge at that time.

Laba porridge has different tastes and ingredients due to different regions. There are many kinds of Laba porridge in China. Among them, Beijing in the old days was the most exquisite, and white rice was mixed with many items, such as red dates, lotus seeds, walnuts, chestnuts, almonds, pine nuts, longan, hazelnuts, grapes, ginkgo, water chestnut, moss, roses, red beans, peanuts and so on. On the seventh night of the twelfth lunar month in ..................................................................................., people began to get busy, washing rice, soaking fruits, peeling, coring and carefully picking. Then they start cooking in the middle of the night, and then stew on low fire until the next morning, and Laba porridge is ready.

More sophisticated people should first carve fruits into human shapes, animals and patterns, and then cook them in a pot. More distinctive is to put "fruit lion" in Laba porridge. Fruit lion is a lion made of several kinds of fruits, with peeled and dried crisp dates as the lion's body, half walnut kernel as the lion's head, peach kernel as the lion's foot and sweet almond as the lion's tail. Then stick them together with sugar and put them in a porridge bowl, just like a little lion.

In modern times, pearl rice, Coix seed, Coix seed and black rice are added, and some of them also put ginkgo, lily, lotus seed, longan, mung bean and flower bean, and then candied food is added. This kind of porridge is not only nutritious, but also sweet and delicious.

After laba porridge is cooked, you should sacrifice to God and ancestors first. After that, give it to relatives and friends, and be sure to send it out before noon. Finally, the whole family eats together. Laba porridge is still left after eating for a few days, which is a good sign, indicating that "there is more than one year." If you give porridge to the poor, it will be better for you.

Laba porridge also has the function of witchcraft in the folk. If there are flowers and fruit trees in the yard, put some Laba porridge on the branches. I believe it will bear more fruits next year. In Beijing, even horses, cows, sheep, chickens, dogs and pigs are fed several spoonfuls of porridge. This is because it is said that heaven will come down to earth to visit the living conditions of six kinds of animals of Lari Sect.

Torch Festival (Yi nationality)

Torch Festival is a traditional festival of Yi people, which falls on June 24th of the lunar calendar every year. Torch Festival is not only a festival of Yi people, but also a festival of Naxi, Bai, Bo, Lahu and Jino people.

During the festival, the Bai, Naxi and Yi people in the Yi area should erect a torch in front of their homes and light a big fire four or five feet high at the entrance of the village. Choose a pine tree at ordinary times, and make a huge pagoda with pine branches and dry wood, and arrange flowers and hang fruits on it. After dinner, gongs and drums were loud, and men and women gathered in the square, lighting torches and scattering torches with rosin powder. Suddenly, flames soared into the sky and cheers came and went. The old people raised their glasses and drank. Young people surround torches, beat gongs and drums and set off firecrackers. People waved torches to string fields in the mountains, which means burning pests in the fields and welcoming a bright harvest. The contents and forms of Torch Festivals of different ethnic groups are also different, that is, the branches of Yi people are also different. Yi people in Lunan, Guishan and other places in Yunnan put on new clothes, played Qin Yue and Da Sanxian, played Lusheng, danced happily, and held wrestling and bullfighting. The Yi people in Wuding and Luquan also carry out activities such as archery, horse racing and swinging. Yi people have the custom of hunting on Torch Festival. The Yi programs in Sichuan are more colorful. Besides horse racing, bullfighting and wrestling, there are also beauty contests.

The selection of handsome men and beautiful women is one of the important programs of the Yi Torch Festival. Yi people have their own unique aesthetics, and the judges are composed of respected old people, and the selection results are absolute.