How to Infiltrate Personality Education in History Teaching

Infiltration of Personality Education in History Teaching

Li shuangxin

(No.1 Middle School of Cheng 'an County, Hebei Province 056700)

China Library Classification. G633.5 1 ID number B1008-3073 (2005) 03-0193-02.

Keywords history teaching; Quality education; Personality education

Personality is formed in the process of personal development, especially under the influence of educational conditions. It is the expression of everyone's personality, needs, abilities and values, and is mainly influenced by personal needs, motives, interests and values. Due to different social environment and different cultural influences, a person has formed his own different psychology and personality. Personality plays a leading role in one of the psychological qualities advocated by quality education today. A sound personality in the future society should be: strive to play a good role in the family and society, respect others, reflect on themselves, and have a sense of democracy and pluralism. Jin Shenghua, a professor at Beijing Normal University, thinks that personality is more important than intelligence among many factors that affect people's success. A large number of facts have proved that in the era of openness and rapid change, people's success depends not only on the important part of intelligence. Among the personality abilities of future talents, the ability to choose values independently and rationally, the ability to adapt actively, the ability to resist pressure, the ability to tolerate setbacks and the ability to adjust creative interpersonal relationships are very important.

As for how to shape a sound personality, experts believe that school education is the most important factor compared with genetic, family and social environment, and it needs the cooperation of parents, society and individuals to achieve this goal. The author talks about some superficial understanding of history teaching. 1 Apply historical knowledge to teach and cultivate students' personality and sentiment. For a long time, due to the influence of exam-oriented education, teachers' teaching process is limited to let students accept specific knowledge, understand concepts and master problem-solving methods. In order to get high marks in the exam, they ignore the education and construction of students' personality, so all the students have more or less personality defects. Such as lack of initiative, poor psychological quality, inability to treat difficulties correctly, overcoming difficulties or selfishness, self-esteem, and inability to communicate with others. These personality defects seriously affect the healthy development of students' body and mind, hinder the development of individual's internal potential and affect the improvement of the quality of the whole people. Feniks said: It is impossible to form a stable and healthy personality without studying. Only by accumulating knowledge can we cultivate a stable, healthy and sustainable personality. Without a specific knowledge environment, personality education cannot achieve the expected results. Therefore, in the teaching process, we should make full use of the rich personality education materials in history textbooks to edify, educate and exert a subtle influence on students, so as to promote the construction of students' personality and improve the teaching purpose. Teaching is combined with the teaching of famous sayings such as "Who has never died since ancient times, keep a fresh heart and shine on history" and "Read for the rise of China". Through the knowledge teaching of Qin Gui, Wang Jingwei, Petain and Li Wanyong who have betrayed national interests for thousands of years, students are trained to have a positive outlook on life, world outlook and values. According to the characteristics of students' worship of celebrities and heroes, we can give full play to the personality charm of outstanding figures to infect students, help them develop their indomitable will, such as introducing the deeds of Li Siguang, Mao Yisheng, Copernicus and Galileo, and cultivate their dedication to pursuing science and truth. In addition, the students' ability to think and solve problems in an orderly way is purposefully cultivated in teaching, and the rigorous, standardized and meticulous thinking quality is gradually developed. It is necessary to consciously guide the vertical and horizontal connection and comparison of historical events, so as to expand the breadth and depth of thinking, which is very necessary to tap the internal potential of individuals.

2. Use new teaching methods to guide students to establish a good personality.

A good character needs to be tempered, revised and perfected repeatedly. In history teaching, we should reform teaching methods and strengthen students' personality construction according to their cognitive structure, age level and psychological characteristics. In teaching, first of all, teachers should guide students to actively participate in classroom teaching, give full play to students' initiative and main role in learning, and appropriately let students evaluate historical events and figures. For example, how to evaluate Zhu Yuanzhang can guide students to make a scientific class analysis of historical figures, and must not be simplified, modular and across the board. Finally, students can draw the conclusion that class will not change, but individuals can. In teaching, students can also build their own charts, organize their own knowledge and construct a knowledge framework, which is conducive to promoting students to establish independent personality and explore scientific knowledge independently. Secondly, encourage competition and cultivate students' excellent quality of being brave to compete first. Competitive consciousness is a good medicine to overcome personality defects, and it is also a spiritual motivation to promote individuals to overcome themselves and surpass others. It is of great benefit to help students form a personality quality of courage to struggle, face life directly, climb the peak bravely and persevere.

3 lead by example, using friendship education to influence the construction of students' good personality

The psychology professor pointed out that good teachers' quality can make students with personality defects develop into sound personalities; The low quality of teachers will also distort students' personality. Personality is an important part of teachers' morality, and teachers should use personality to shape personality. Mr. Chen, a scholar in Taiwan Province, believes that in modern society, teachers must first have a relative concept in order to make students' personalities open and diverse. In addition, strengthening emotional communication between teachers and students can effectively improve the effect of education and teaching, and is also an important way to guide students to establish a good personality. Friendship education plays an extremely important role in the healthy development of students' personality. The school itself is a friendly environment, in which trust comes first. Teachers should trust students, believe in their kindness and development potential, and make students willing to express their true feelings and ideas because they know that teachers will accept them. Secondly, freedom, a free atmosphere allows students to give full play to their imagination and potential intelligence; Finally, respect, let students feel that the teacher is not criticizing them but understanding them, so as to cultivate and establish the spirit of "self-esteem, self-confidence and self-improvement" and constantly build and improve their personality. In short, in the process of history teaching, as long as teachers devote themselves to research and make full use of it.

A large number of personality education materials, using appropriate teaching methods and various teaching activities, have a subtle and sustained impact on students' personality, which can be effectively mentioned.

Improve the effect of students' personality education and help students establish a good personality.

Guide students to fully understand historical figures.

Topic: Modern Science and Technology in Junior Middle School History

Instructor: Han Chunling from Shanghai Datong Middle School.

Comments: Feng Changli, Shanghai Huangpu Teachers College

Case background

Shanghai middle school history curriculum standard emphasizes that students should "initially form a correct international consciousness and open consciousness, and respect the civilized achievements created by various countries and nations". It is hoped that through the teaching of this course, these requirements and goals will be "melted" into students' minds without trace, and through the narration of Newton's life, experience and achievements, the scientific spirit of diligent thinking, good thinking and courage to practice will be cultivated. Give students homework before class, learn about Newton through various channels after class, and then share it with you in class.

Case process narrative

The first part:

At the beginning of the class, I first introduced the background of "modern science and technology", and then invited students to introduce what they know about Newton according to the teaching design in advance. As soon as the voice fell, some students raised their hands to speak.

Student 1: Teacher, the book I read says that Newton's personality is very bad and he is not likable at all. He and another scientist are uncompromising about who is the "first person in calculus". Newton took advantage of his prestige in this field and took the lead in organizing an expert review, accusing the scientist of plagiarizing his own achievements. To tell the truth, such introductions and comments by students are really beyond my "preset". Originally, the students should know what I know: basically, it is about how Newton worked hard and how to be a man.

Make a positive contribution in class, and the subsequent teaching is also based on this "preset".

Teacher: Where did you learn this idea?

Student 1: Hawking's A Brief History of Time.

Teacher: This student has a wide range of interests and reading. The teacher must find this book to read after class today. But through his introduction, I also thought of some problems: First, Newton may have some shortcomings in his personal character, but it does not prevent him from becoming an immortal in the history of science. It can be said that Newton was a great man with shortcomings, and did these shortcomings make Newton closer to us ordinary people and appear more real? Second, natural science or humanities often have disputes for various reasons. In the end, more facts and evidence may be needed to speak. Hawking is a very great scientist. His description and evaluation of Newton in this book is natural, so we can find more evidence to confirm this view. The judgment of characters should be based on sufficient facts and evidence, and there should be a sense of "bringing evidence" while agreeing with a point of view. If the students are interested, they can learn more about this, and we will talk about it next class.

The second part:

The students told some short stories about Newton. After expressing affirmation and appreciation, the teacher began to introduce the achievements made by scientists before Newton and Newton's innovation.

Before Newton discovered the three laws of gravity and mechanics, many scientists had been engaged in scientific research in this field. They are Copernicus, Galileo, Tycho, Kepler, etc. Everyone is familiar with the achievements of Copernicus and Galileo, so I won't introduce them much. We mainly know the achievements of Tycho and Kepler. Danish astronomer Tycho has accumulated a wealth of astronomical data through naked eye observation. But he is not good at calculation and deduction, so his achievement only stays in the accumulation of data. Tycho gave his achievements to Kepler, a student, before he died. Kepler is good at calculation. He deduced the laws of planetary motion through many complicated calculations. Newton's actions are based on many achievements of scientific research of several generations. Newton's great achievement, a classical mechanical system, was accomplished by summing up the discoveries of other scholars in astronomy and dynamics and adding his own ideas. Then, combined with the short story about Newton introduced by several students just now and the scientific development process from Copernicus to Newton mentioned by the teacher, do you have any experience and feelings?

Student 2: I think many inventions should be the wealth of all mankind. For example, China had four great inventions long ago, but they spread to Europe very late. If everyone can enjoy it early, through the joint efforts of * * *, we can constantly improve and update it, which may speed up the process of human history. And I think the development of all ethnic groups is different, and they all have their own strengths. If everyone can have complementary consciousness and give full play to their potential, our life will be better with the energy of final gathering.

Teachers and classmates have an international perspective and are willing to share the fruits of their labor with others.

Student 3: I think Newton's achievements are based on his predecessors. As the saying goes, "Rome was not built in a day", Newton could not have achieved such high achievements without the efforts of other scientists.

Teacher: Yes. As Newton himself said, "If I see far, it is because I stand on the shoulders of giants". However, have you ever thought that Newton's contemporaries were many, but they did not achieve the same achievements and made such great contributions to science? What does this mean?

Student 4: Newton is very diligent and good at thinking. He can find problems that others can't see. This is the reason why he has achieved so much.

Teacher: Good point. When someone asked Newton how to discover the law of gravity, he replied: through constant thinking. It is this thirst for knowledge, diligent thinking, and even to the point of forgetting to eat and sleep that makes him a great figure. His achievement depends not on inspiration and genius alone, but on hard work and endless struggle.

Teacher reflection

Regarding the first episode, I always hold the word "true" in the handling of this "sudden" incident. First of all, I use the honesty of "knowing is knowing, not knowing is not knowing" to make students realize what is the "truth" of learning and being a man; Then I guide students to distinguish between moral and scientific facts, and get a more "real" understanding of Newton's whole picture. Newton's shortcomings mentioned by students are actually the shortcomings and weaknesses of human nature in my opinion, and these weaknesses and shortcomings are very real. As Mr. Qian Mu said, "The more human I am, the more precious I am, that is, the more ordinary I am, the greater and the more special I am". I think students can find some methods of historical research from this course. Generally speaking, the goal of moral education and historical methods are blended together, and such treatment should effectively demonstrate and guide students to be human, seek truth and do things. Regarding the second paragraph, unlike the first paragraph, the moral education goal of this paragraph was designed by me in advance. There are two main goals: "to initially form a correct international consciousness and open consciousness, and to respect the civilized achievements created by various countries and nations"; Learn from Newton's spirit of hard work, good thinking and perseverance. I finished it with the help of the students. This practice of "pushing the boat with the current" is not only based on the students' "nearby development zone", but also affirmed by "going up a storey still higher"

It also strengthens students' correct consciousness and has obvious positive guiding significance for other students.

The first episode of "unexpected events" actually involves one aspect of the overall moral education goal: learning to be a real person. Teachers show students the true meaning of "truth" with their teaching wisdom and personality charm, and also intersperse some methods of character analysis in history, which is actually cultivating a sense of tolerance and understanding. The practice of the moral education goal in the second paragraph is also very clever. It is easy to properly emphasize the inheritance of human civilization and Newton's scientific spirit with the practice of "pushing the boat with the current"

Be accepted by students. The analysis of Newton's scientific spirit and its lack of character seems contradictory, but in fact it is two sides of a whole. Newton was a great ordinary man. He has the qualities of a great man (studious, diligent in thinking, etc.) ), this is where we should learn. At the same time, he also has the shortcomings and shortcomings of ordinary people, so we should be tolerant, understand and take warning. Only in this way can our understanding of people be more comprehensive and true.

Teaching Research of Vocational and Technical Education, No.5, 2005

Fuxin

(Anshan No.2 Secondary Vocational and Technical School in Anshan, Liaoning 1 1400 1)

Keywords:: history curriculum goal education concept training

Nowadays, science and technology in the world are advancing by leaps and bounds, knowledge economy has emerged, and national strength competition is becoming increasingly fierce. The transformation of economy and society, the breakthrough of educational science theory and the change of educational objects require that the content of history course must be reconstructed on the basis of following the principles of times, foundation and selectivity. It must be organically linked with social progress, scientific and technological development and students' experience, and organically combine the learning of knowledge and skills with the cultivation of students' innovative spirit and practical ability. Only in this way will students be willing to understand and accept, and students will realize "learning" first, and on this basis.

Provide an ideal curriculum environment for students' independent choice and active learning in the next step.

one

The change of teachers' educational concept is the premise to realize this training goal.

The traditional educational concept emphasizes the knowledge-based theory and requires strengthening basic knowledge and skills. History teachers should pay attention to the implementation of innovative education in history teaching in order to better achieve this training goal.

1. Pay attention to every student and form a relaxed and supportive atmosphere.

On this basis, let students be willing to learn and "learn" knowledge first.

In class, we should pay attention to each student's different situation and create a relaxed and supportive learning atmosphere by group discussion. This can attract every student's attention, stimulate students' interest and cultivate students' analytical ability and the spirit of competition and cooperation necessary for creative activities.

2. Stratified teaching, classified guidance, and development of distinctive personality.

Guide students to master learning methods and realize "learning". In classroom teaching, teachers should provide appropriate opportunities for students of different types and levels to learn, communicate, show and improve, such as asking difficult questions in class, and guiding students to study textbooks, analyze and solve problems in combination with students' actual learning situation. With the help of teachers, students gradually experience the happiness of learning, innovation and success, thus enjoying learning, mastering learning methods and reaching the realm of "learning".

3. Improve teaching methods and expand flexible creative thinking.

Traditional teaching thinks that the fundamental task of teaching is to let students master knowledge, so it attaches importance to the teaching method of "teaching students to learn" and ignores "teaching students to learn"

Learning methods. With the advent of the era of knowledge economy, the speed of knowledge innovation has been greatly accelerated, breaking the time and space constraints of learning. It requires teaching students to seize every opportunity to constantly update, deepen and improve their knowledge and learn to learn, and at the same time pay attention to cultivating students' innovative thinking, innovative consciousness, innovative spirit and innovative ability in teaching practice.

Second, the change of students' learning style is the core and key to realize this training goal.

The progress and development of the times have brought us brand-new educational ideas and teaching methods, and quality education has become the only way for China's education to continue to develop. Xinshi

Ji's prose is not an illiterate person, but a person who can't learn. Learning is lifelong and should not be terminated at a certain stage. Therefore, as students, we should also change the way of learning-from receptive learning to research learning, students should learn to cooperate and learn to learn independently. The fundamental purpose of curriculum reform is to make education suitable for students. Let students "learn" is the basis and premise for students to learn knowledge; And let students "learn" is the guarantee for students to continue their studies. Teaching is a bilateral activity between teachers and students, and teachers are actually in the intermediary position between knowledge and students. Traditional teaching only pays attention to the accumulation of students' knowledge, but not to the cultivation of students' ability and quality. Only pay attention to mechanical perfusion, ignoring the characteristics, key points and difficulties of the subject. The singleness of this teaching method obliterates the complexity of the teaching process and cannot reflect the essential law of teaching. Of course, good teaching effect can't be achieved. Modern teaching not only pays attention to imparting knowledge, but also pays attention to cultivating ability. Students should also change their learning concepts, and don't just focus on acceptance without thinking about active learning. Otherwise, students' subjective initiative can not be fully exerted, which is not conducive to students' study. Knowing how to learn means that students master systematic learning methods and can acquire knowledge independently. Therefore, in the teaching process, when teachers make full use of the situation, truth and interest in the textbook to induce students' feelings and inspire students' life feelings, students should actively respond, actively learn, actively explore and actively find conclusions.

Third, a good learning environment and student groups are the guarantee to achieve this training goal.

Under the new situation, the renewal of educational ideas is constantly enriching and perfecting educational ideas. The role of environmental education and group influence can not be ignored. Ancient Meng Mu chose.

Living next door, people nowadays pay more attention to the edification of a good learning environment. Teachers should be good at creating a good learning environment, so that students can take the initiative to learn, and then make students full of strong learning interest and enthusiasm. Teachers should learn from boring knowledge and attract students with clear explanations or examples from other scientific fields: teachers should attach importance to integrating theory with practice, choose more problems close to students' lives as materials, introduce the background and requirements of the problems, and let students explore and discuss; It is necessary to grasp the key points, grasp the typical phenomena, point out some enlightening questions in time, and master the law through students' own analysis, research and understanding of the nature of things; Students should also be given various opportunities to participate in group activities, and through extensive reading, watching materials and videos, visiting exhibition halls and so on. Students can experience what they have learned in the process of learning, thus forming a good learning atmosphere and environment. Teachers should pay attention to the cultivation of students' moral education and the optimization of students' groups while carrying out teaching activities. This is a powerful guarantee for each student's individual growth and progress. In a word, history teaching should take modern society as the boundary, seek the soil for its own existence and development in modern society, set practical teaching and training goals, help students "learn" first and then "learn", further cultivate students' innovative thinking and ability, and promote the implementation of quality education.

"History Curriculum Standard (Experimental Draft)" takes "initially establishing a sense of historical responsibility and historical mission to the country and the nation, cultivating patriotic feelings, and gradually establishing a life ideal that contributes to the socialist modernization of the motherland and the peaceful progress of mankind" as the primary curriculum goal of emotional education. This shows that it is the unshirkable responsibility of history teaching to cultivate students' sense of historical responsibility. The basic function of education is to promote human development, that is, to promote the development of students' cognitive ability, emotional personality and civilized behavior. As far as human growth is concerned, historical experience is more enlightening. Therefore, history teachers should give full play to the unique advantages of history and cultivate students' sense of historical responsibility from the aspects of self-confidence, patriotism and enterprising. Because self-confidence is the premise of establishing a sense of responsibility, patriotism is the basis of establishing a sense of responsibility, and enterprising is the driving force for establishing a sense of responsibility.

1. Develop self-confidence.

Self-confidence is a stable personality quality or personality characteristic. A confident person must be full of vigor, optimism and lofty ideals; A confident person may shoulder the responsibility to himself, society and country. There are inexhaustible materials in history textbooks to cultivate students' self-confidence. In modern history, scientists such as Li, Xu Shou, Hua, Zhan Tianyou, Feng Ru, etc. overcame many difficulties and achieved success with firm self-confidence and ambition to serve the country, although they lived in backward and ravaged old China. For example, when Sino-Soviet relations deteriorated in 1959, the Soviet Union withdrew its experts' aid to China and threatened: "Without our help, you China people 10 could not build an atomic bomb in 20 years!" However, the people of China independently developed the atomic bomb with their confidence in overcoming all kinds of difficulties and obstacles. These historical facts can greatly enhance students' self-confidence.

Inspire others. They shine with dazzling patriotism. For example, Qu Yuan's "Long gas reservoir tears, mourning people's lives"; Yue Fei's "Why not do something?" : Deng Shichang vowed to defend the enemy, he was not an only child; Tan Sitong wyndell dichinson market. Awaken the people; Zheng Chenggong will never give up until Taiwan Province Province is recovered; Zhu Ziqing would rather die than eat American relief food; Qian Xuesen gave up his superior living and working environment, broke through the obstacles of the United States and returned to the motherland, contributing his own strength to the development of the country's rockets, missiles and aerospace industry. The value orientation and behavior of these people have left extremely valuable wealth to future generations. Using these historical facts, we can cultivate students' deep feelings for the motherland and transform them into a sense of responsibility and mission to the country and the nation.

3. Cultivate enterprises.

Enterprising is a personality or psychological tendency that people strive for greater success in order to surpass themselves and others. An enterprising person will not stick to the fetters of the secular world and strive for progress. He hopes that through his own efforts, he can study better and work better than others and make more contributions to society. Enterprise and sense of responsibility are complementary: on the one hand, sense of responsibility enables enterprise to be implemented. Without the support of the sense of responsibility, the enterprise will be like a runaway wild horse; On the other hand, enterprises can constantly sublimate their sense of responsibility, from the spirit of being responsible for themselves and others to the sense of responsibility of fighting for the country and the nation. Einstein was not satisfied with Newton's classical mechanics before he put forward the theory of relativity. Li Shizhen was not satisfied with the traditional Chinese medicine and his medical skills at that time, so he spent 27 years trying drugs many times and finally wrote a summary masterpiece Compendium of Materia Medica? The enterprising spirit of these great men can inspire students' enterprising spirit and inspire them to shoulder the sense of mission of fighting for the country and the nation. l

references/article/class 163/class 126/20060330204900 _ 1 130 1 . html