Classification of water source heat pump

According to the different energy sources used by heat pumps, heat pumps can be divided into the following categories:

I. Air source heat pump

Air source heat pump takes air as the "source" and transfers energy through the action of refrigerant. At present, the products are mainly household heat pump air conditioners, commercial heat pump air conditioners and heat pump cold and hot water units. Heat pump air conditioners have accounted for 40-50% of household air conditioners, with an annual output of more than 4 million units. Since the early 1990s, heat pump chillers have been widely used in hot summer and cold winter areas. According to incomplete statistics, 20-30% of central air conditioners in this area have used heat pump chillers, and the application scope is expanding and there is a trend of transferring to this area.

Second, the water source heat pump

The heat pump takes groundwater as cold and heat source, absorbs its heat in winter to heat the building, and discharges the absorbed heat to it in summer to realize the cooling of the building. Although air energy heat pump units are widely used in China at present, there is a problem that the heat supply of heat pump decreases with the decrease of outdoor temperature and frosts, while water source heat pump overcomes the above shortcomings and has high operation reliability, and its application in China has gradually expanded in recent years.

Thirdly, ground source heat pump.

Ground source heat pump (GSHP) is a technology that uses soil as heat source to air-condition buildings. In winter, the low-level heat energy in the earth is increased by heat pump to heat buildings, and at the same time, cold energy is stored for use in summer. In summer, the heat in the building is transferred to the ground through the heat pump, which cools the building and stores the heat for use in winter. Because of its energy saving, environmental protection and thermal stability, it has attracted the attention of all countries in the world. Ground source heat pump has been used in developed countries such as Europe and America for decades, especially in heating, and accumulated a lot of information and data on design, construction and operation.

Fourth, the compound heat pump.

In order to make up for the limitation of single heat source heat pump and make full use of low energy, various compound heat pumps are adopted. Such as air-air heat pump unit, air-water heat pump unit, water-water heat pump unit, water-air heat pump unit, sun-air source heat pump system, air regenerative heat pump system, sun-water source heat pump system, thermoelectric water ternary composite heat pump, soil-water source heat pump system, etc.

1, solar-air heat source heat pump system

Solar-air heat source heat pump system is a new system which uses solar heat source based on the traditional air heat source heat pump system. It can provide refrigeration, heating and domestic hot water. It is a new cold and heat source system with natural gas energy, no pollution, wide applicability and high efficiency.

2. Soil-water heat pump system

Soil-water heat pump (hereinafter referred to as soil heat pump) can provide hot water or heat buildings by using low-grade soil heat energy. The United States, Germany and Sweden and other Nordic countries have tens of thousands of such heat pump devices in operation, and the soil heat pump technology has matured and rapidly spread. At present, the technical specification of ground source heat pump for heating is being formulated.

3. Solar-water source heat pump air conditioning system

The solar water source heat pump system consists of three parts, namely, solar heat collection system, water source heat pump system and hot water supply system. Its system takes the fire pool of the building as the water storage and water supply system. To solve the intermittent and unstable solar energy. When the loop water temperature is higher than 35℃, the water source heat pump air conditioning system is disconnected from the fire pool and the cooling tower is put into operation. When the loop water temperature is between 15~35℃, the solar energy as the cooling tower stops running, and the solar energy collected by the heat source supplied by domestic hot water is used to heat domestic water. When the water temperature of the loop is lower than 15℃, the loop is connected with the fire pool, and the solar water source heat pump air conditioning system absorbs solar energy. If there is surplus solar energy, you can continue to heat domestic water.

In addition to the above four types of heat pumps, there are jet heat pumps, absorption heat pumps, heat pumps with variable concentration and capacity, and heat pump systems with CO2 as the working medium.

If you want to study deeply, I recommend reading a book "HVAC Heat Pump Technology".