Who are the ancient thinkers in China?

1, Laozi-the first great thinker in ancient China-the founder of Taoism.

Laozi (580- 500), surnamed Li Minger, was a native of Chu in the Spring and Autumn Period. The founder of the Taoist school. In his later years, with the decline of the Zhou Dynasty, Lao Tzu abandoned his official position and retired, and wrote the classic Tao Te Ching, stating the moral meaning. It is believed that Tao is innate and cyclical; Virtue is produced by Tao, which is the concrete expression of Tao, and its ideological discussion is mysterious. He also used the dialectical relationship of morality to dialectical the existence of all things. Based on this understanding, he put forward the ideas of "doing nothing and being natural" and "governing by doing nothing". Representative works: Tao Te Ching

2. Confucius, the most famous thinker in ancient China, was the founder of Confucianism.

Confucius (55 BC1-479) was born in the State of Lu in the Spring and Autumn Period. The founder of the Confucian school. He put forward the political proposition of "ruling the country by virtue", which was not accepted by the warring countries at that time. So, he recruited disciples all over the world and formed the Confucian school. Confucius' academic thoughts are centered on "benevolence", "courtesy" and "don't do to others what you don't want others to do to you". His thoughts were adopted by the later feudal ruling class and became an important part of China's ancient ideology and culture. Masterpiece: The Analects of Confucius

3. Mencius-an advocate of the ancient Confucian school in China.

Mencius (372- 289 BC) was born in Lu during the Warring States Period. The story of "Three Major Movements in Meng Mu" has been an educational story since ancient times. In academic thought, he expounded the "theory of mind and nature" and put forward the famous "theory of good nature", which attached importance to nourishing the heart and nature. . Politically, he put forward the theory of "Wang Dao benevolent government" and "people are more important than monarch", and advocated governing the country with the idea of "benevolence and righteousness". Later generations believed that Mencius carried forward Confucian thoughts and viewpoints and was honored as "the Asian sage". Masterpiece: Mencius

4. Zhuangzi, a person who carried forward the ancient Taoism in China.

Zhuangzi (369- 286 BC), Zhou Zixiu, was born in the Song Dynasty during the Warring States Period. Zhuangzi's thoughts are embodied in the book Zhuangzi. His academic thoughts inherited and carried forward Laozi's absolutism and mysticism about Tao. Later generations are more Lao zi and Zhuang zi, and their academic thoughts are mainly relativism. Masterpiece: Zhuangzi.

5. Mozi-the founder of China ancient Mohist school.

Mozi (468- 376 BC), named Zhai, was a native of Lu in the Spring and Autumn Period. The founder of Mohism. Mozi's most important ethical and political proposition is "universal love", but this idea was not supported by the ruling class and became a juexue after Qin and Han Dynasties. Representative works: Mozi

6. A famous materialist in ancient China.

Xunzi (pre-3 13- pre-238) was born in Zhao in the Warring States Period. Xunzi was a famous materialist in ancient China. In terms of ethics, his thoughts and views are different from Mencius' "benevolence", and Xunzi pays more attention to the role of "ceremony". In political thought, it advocates the theory of evil nature, which advocates the combination of "rule by courtesy" and "rule by law", respecting gentlemen with courtesy and ruling the country by law. Masterpiece: Xunzi

7. Han Feizi, a great jurist in ancient China.

Han Feizi (280- 233 BC) was a Warring States period. Han Feizi is a master of legalism. His academic thought inherited Laozi's "Tao", but understood Tao as the law of the development of things, which developed Xunzi's "theory of evil nature". Politically, it advocates the combination of "magic potential" based on law. Representative work: Han Feizi, which contains many common idioms in Han Feizi's works, such as self-contradiction, taboo about medical treatment, three men make a tiger, etc.

8. Yan Zi-a famous "people-oriented" thinker in ancient China.

Stefanie (? -Top 500), a famous baby, with a flat word, was born in the State of Qi in the Spring and Autumn Period. On the relationship between monarch and minister, he put forward the viewpoint of harmony but difference, that is, the monarch and minister complement each other and learn from each other's strengths, rather than blindly echoing.

He is an atheist, believes in the power of the people, and thinks that rulers should love the people and govern the country with the idea of "people-oriented". Masterpiece: Yan Zi Chun Qiu

9. Dong Zhongshu, a representative of ancient Confucianism in China.

Dong Zhongshu (former 176- former 104) was born in the Western Han Dynasty. Dong Zhongshu put forward the idea of "respecting Confucianism alone, deposing hundreds of schools and respecting Confucianism alone" to Emperor Wu, and put forward the ideological viewpoint of "three cardinal guides and five permanents", which is the Confucian "kingly politics" and "benevolent government thought". It was he who developed Confucianism to a new height, his masterpiece Spring and Autumn Annals.

10, Zhu, a famous philosopher in ancient China.

Zhu (1 130- 1200) was born in the Southern Song Dynasty.

Zhu's academic thought inherited and developed the thoughts of Cheng Hao and Cheng Yi, and was later called Zhu Cheng's Neo-Confucianism. On the issue of knowing and doing, he put forward the idea of "a prophet should act before he does", thinking that only by understanding justice can he make a difference. Representative works: Notes to Four Books and Sentences, Four Books or Titles, Illustration of Taiji, Interpretation of General Books, Interpretation of Mingxi, Original Meaning of Zhouyi, Enlightenment of Yijing, etc.