What are the common viruses in life?

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is the pathogen that causes hepatitis B, belonging to hepatotropic DNA virus family, including hepatotropic DNA virus and avian hepatotropic DNA virus. It is hepatotropic DNA virus that causes human infection.

HBV infection is a global public health problem. With the production and investment of genetic engineering vaccine, the popularization rate of hepatitis B vaccine has increased year by year, and the infection rate has been declining.

2. Influenza virus

The typical clinical symptoms of epidemic diseases are acute high fever, general pain, obvious fatigue and respiratory symptoms. Influenza virus is mainly spread through droplets in the air, contact between susceptible people and infected people, or contact with contaminated items. Generally, autumn and winter are its high incidence period. Human influenza is mainly caused by influenza A virus and influenza B virus.

3. Measles virus

Measles virus is a paramyxovirus with a spherical shape and a diameter of only100 ~ 250 nm (1nm = 0.00001mm). In the external environment, the resistance is not strong, and it has no resistance to dryness, sunshine, high temperature and general disinfectants.

Lose vitality in the sun or in the air circulation environment for half an hour; It can only survive for 2 hours at room temperature and be destroyed at 56℃ for 30 minutes. Can be cold-resistant and not afraid of freezing, can survive for 5 months at 4℃, and can survive for 5 years at MINUS 15℃. So it always comes out in winter and spring.

4. Norovirus

Norovirus-infected diarrhea is prevalent all over the world, which can occur all year round, mainly affecting adults and school-age children, and it is high in cold season. In the United States, 60-90% of non-bacterial diarrhea outbreaks are caused by norovirus every year.

The Netherlands, Britain, Japan, Australia and other developed countries have similar results. The detection rate of norovirus in children with diarrhea under 5 years old in China is about 15%, and the survey of serum antibody level shows that norovirus infection is also very common in China.

5. HIV

It is a virus that causes defects in human immune system. 198 1 year, the human immunodeficiency virus was first discovered in the United States. It is a lentivirus that infects cells of human immune system and belongs to retrovirus.

20 17 10 27. The list of carcinogens published by the International Agency for Research on Cancer of the World Health Organization was preliminarily sorted out for reference. Human immunodeficiency virus type I (infection) belongs to a class of carcinogens, and human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (infection) belongs to a class of carcinogens.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Hepatitis B Virus

Baidu Encyclopedia-Influenza Virus

Baidu encyclopedia-measles virus

Baidu Encyclopedia-Norovirus

Baidu encyclopedia-human immunodeficiency virus