CCTU Formative Assessment Ancient Chinese Literature (1) Formative Assessment Book Assignment Answers

Ancient Chinese Literature (1) Formative Assessment Reference Answer

Formative Assessment 1 Reference Answer

I. Terminology Explanation (***2 questions, 4 points each)

1. The folk song style of chanting. The style is very prominent in the Book of Songs. A poem often consists of a number of chapters, and the words between the chapters are basically the same, with only a few corresponding changes in the words, which are sung over and over again. According to statistics, this form of repeating chapters accounts for more than half of the 305 poems in the Book of Songs, and is mostly concentrated in the sections of the "State Wind" and the "Small Elegance".

2, the two south of the independent said: "two south of the independent" said, also known as the "four poems" said, is about the classification of the Classic of Poetry a statement. The Northern Song Su Zhe in his "Poetry Collection Biography" first advocated the "two south independent said", that the "Poetry" should be divided into "wind", "elegant", "Ode", "South" four categories, that is, the "Zhou Nan", "Zhaonan" from the "national winds" in the independence of a separate category.

The textbook argues that it is difficult to substantiate the "theory of the independence of the two Souths".

Second, short answer questions (***2 questions, 10 points each)

1, the preface of the Mao Poetry is how to explain the Song of Winds and Elegance? Tell us your views on this interpretation.

A: The Preface of Mao Poetry explains "wind" by saying: "Wind is also wind, and teaching is also wind, and wind is used to move, and teaching is used to transform". ...... takes the "Winds" as a political tool for teaching and satirizing, and starts from it, taking it out of context and forcing it to be solid, thinking that the poems of "Winds" are about the politics of beauty and assassination. This interpretation of the Winds is the furthest thing from the meaning of the poem.

The Mao Poetry Preface explains "Ya" as follows: "Ya" means the rise and fall of the king's government. There are small and big politics, so there is a small ya, and there is a big ya. It is believed that "Ya" is specialized in stating the advantages and disadvantages of politics, and distinguishes between big and small ya by the size of political affairs, which is not quite in line with the content of "Ya" poem.

2. What kind of artistic principles did the Book of Songs establish for the creation and criticism of Chinese poetry?

The artistic principles for the creation and criticism of Chinese poetry established by the Book of Songs are: (1) elegance, which requires that poems be created with noble meanings and serious emotional contents; and (2) simile, which requires that poems should be ironic in their artistic expressions.

Three, expository questions (***2 questions, 20 points each)

1, what is the spirit of irony? What is the influence of the spirit of irony on later literature?

The spirit of satire, also known as the spirit of sarcasm, is a poetic character that has been formed since the Book of Songs. It is a spiritual character created by a group of outstanding people with good cultural upbringing and a strong sense of social responsibility and political participation. It is mainly embodied in two aspects, firstly, the sentiment of worrying about the country and the people, and secondly, the conscious awareness of observing etiquette and cultivating virtue. For example, the worry about the royal family in "Shijing-Daya-October's Crossing"; for example, the admonition to King Zhou of Yin for losing his country due to the loss of virtue in "Shijing-Daya-Dang", all show this spirit.

The Shijing started the tradition of the spirit of satirical admonition, which was later further developed in the Chu Rhetoric, and was inherited by Du Fu, Bai Juyi, and others since then.

2. Analyze the main contents and ideological and artistic values of the poems of the Book of Songs, such as "The Deer's Song", "The First Feast of Bing", and "The Felling of the Wood", for example.

(1) The main content of the poem of Yan and feast

The main content of the poem of Yan and feast is to directly reflect the ceremonial activities such as the ceremony of entertaining, the ceremony of swallowing, and the ceremony of drinking in the townships in the Jia Li.

1) Reflecting the activities of the ceremony. It is a kind of symbolic banquet held by the son of Zhou in the temple. For example, "Xiao Ya? Deer singing" describes the feast of the king of Zhou; "Xiaoya? Tong Gong" describes the feast of the King of Zhou and the rewarding of meritorious vassals; "Xiao Ya? Sanghu" is about the king's praise and admonition to the vassals during the banquet; "Xiao Ya? Yu Zao" and "Daya? Desmond" is about the praise of the king of Zhou when the king entertained the lords.

②Reflecting the activities of Yan ceremony. The most poems reflect the activities of Yan ceremony, such as "Xiao Ya? South of the Jiayu" is written about the feudal lord hosted a banquet to entertain the guests, "both the guests and masters of the Silk Mew feelings"; "Xiao Ya? The first feast of the guests" describes the whole process of the Lords and nobles' banquet and satirizes them for drinking alcohol without manners and morality; "Xiao Ya? Zhanlu" is about the nobles of the same family name wishing to celebrate in the night swallow; "Xiao Ya? Yu Li" is about the abundance of wine and food at the banquet of the lords and nobles; "Ode to Lu" is about the strength of the Lu state. Strong" is about Lu's officials celebrating a good harvest and blessing.

3 reflecting the activities of the countryside drinking ceremony. The countryside drinking ceremony refers to the vassal countryside doctor's drinking ceremony. For example, "Xiao Ya? Chang Dai" is about inviting brothers of the same clan to a banquet and repeatedly emphasizing that brothers should support each other and unite in love; "Xiaoya" is about inviting friends and relatives to a banquet. Falsewood" is about inviting friends and relatives to a banquet and celebrating friendship; "Daya? The "Line Reed" is about the aristocrats entertaining their clansmen and performing the rite of archery.

(2) Ideological and artistic value of the poem "Yanjian"

①Political value of the poem "Yanjian": contacting friendship and consolidating the rule

The rulers of the Zhou Dynasty used the poem "Yanjian" as a political means to harmonize with the nine clans, to communicate with the upper and lower classes, and to consolidate the rule order. The rituals of the Yen and the feast were only a means to an end, but the consolidation of power was the fundamental goal. The purpose of the poem is not purely to show the activity of gathering and drinking, but to warn people to follow the rituals of swallowing and entertaining in the form of poetry, highlighting the political utility of swallowing and entertaining which can contact the friendship and consolidate the rule. For example, in "Xiao Ya? Deer singing", it is written that the guests of the ministers praise the king of Zhou and advise him on the beneficial way of ruling the country; "I have a guest, the moral sound is clear" is written that the king of Zhou praises the guests of the ministers for their high morality and good reputation. Between the king and the ministers respect each other with respect, love each other with virtue, praise each other praise will naturally be beneficial to eliminate barriers, harmonious relations, beneficial to the governance of the country.

②The historical value of yanjian poetry: recorded ancient yanjian ritual procedures and ceremonies

Yanjian poetry not only has an important political value, but also has an important historical value, they recorded a lot of yanjian ritual procedures and ceremonies, is the study of the Zhou dynasty rituals of important historical materials. For example, "Xiaoya? gourd leaves" wrote in three chapters respectively, "discretionary words of offering", "discretionary words of entertainment", "discretionary words of reward". The ancients called it the "Rite of One Offering", or the "Rite of Three Jars". It is a necessary procedure in the swallowing of food. In Xiao Ya? In "The First Feast of the Guests", "I don't know how many three cups I have to offer, but I dare to offer more

" refers to this, but here it also refers to the ritual of serving the king at a small feast in the order of three cups. In the Xiao Ya? In "Lu Ming", the phrase "to carry baskets of coins" refers to the ritual of honoring the guests with coins and silk in baskets as a gift for the guests.

3) The aesthetic value of the Yanshuang Poetry: Harmonious and cheerful style; vivid characters

The Yanshuang Poetry is the only group of poems in the history of the world literature which purely reflects the ancient Yanshuang activities, and it has a unique aesthetic value. First of all, they truly show the scenes of the Swallow Feast, and express the harmonious, joyful and enthusiastic atmosphere of the Swallow Feast, forming a unique style. For example, "Xiao Ya? Deer Song" reflects the harmony between the guests and the hosts, while "Xiao Ya? Changdi" depicts the joy and harmony of the gathering of many brothers. Secondly, the poems of the banquet also portrayed many vivid images of the aristocrats at the banquet, such as "The First Banquet of the Guests", which portrayed a group of rotten, hypocritical and scandalous aristocrat drunkards in a vivid and vivid way.

Four, discussion questions (***1 questions, 30 points)

(2) The artistic achievement of love and marriage poems in the Book of Songs

Love and marriage poems are one of the parts of the Book of Songs that have the highest artistic value, and their artistic achievement is mainly reflected in the following four aspects:

1) Realistic realistic approach. The love and marriage poems realistically convey the deep feelings between men and women, and reproduce the situation of marriage and love life in the Zhou Dynasty society.

②Characteristic image building. The love and marriage poems also portray many vivid images of young men and women through direct emotional outpouring. The naivety, slenderness and charm of young girls, their solemnity and reserve, and the power and strength of young men, their suavity and elegance, and even their playfulness, are all vividly portrayed.

3) Scenic descriptions with deep meaning. The poems of love and marriage poems are also quite characteristic of the scene description, many of which are sent, such as "reed" with the bleak autumn scenery set off the melancholy and sadness of seeking but not, "peach" with the gorgeous peach blossom implies the warm atmosphere of the wedding and the beauty of the bride as a flower. These lyrical poems with symbolic meanings, containing inexhaustible feelings, have had a great influence on later generations.

④Vivid and lively language. Love and marriage poems are mostly folk songs, and their language style is also very lively, such as "Zheng Feng; Qin洧", which is about laughing between men and women, and "Drifting裳", which is about a woman's bantering with a man, are all full of lively folk song flavors.