Knowledge of "double-headed" Peking Opera!

What double-headed? Is it a Peking Opera double reed? The founder of Shuanghuang is Huang, an artist of hard book (playing and singing by himself) in the late Qing Dynasty. The date of birth and death is unknown. There are different opinions about his transformation from hard book to Shuanghuang. It is said that hard book artists lost their voices in Qianlong and Jiaqing in their later years, and changed to two performances, one performance and one simulation performance. On the other hand, Huang, a storyteller in Tongzhi period, was good at imitating characters' language, singing of birds and animals, local accent, and even learning and performing. Later, it was changed to one person to talk about learning and one person to perform. Although both theories are recorded in writing, I don't know their origins.

translate freely

Title: Double Reed

Pinyin: double yellow

Meaning:

A kind of quyi. One person performs the action, and the other person hides behind to say or sing, and cooperate with each other.

Metaphor is collusion between the two sides, one side comes forward and the other side manipulates behind.

Edit the basic explanation of this paragraph.

[Double performance, where one person hides behind another performer to talk or sing] is a kind of folk art, in which one person performs actions and the other person hides behind to talk or sing and cooperate with each other. It is a metaphor that the two sides collude with each other, with one side manipulating and the other side manipulating behind their backs.

Edit this paragraph to explain in detail.

1. Two vibrating plates used to make sound in musical instruments. Made of reed, bamboo, metal, etc.

New Tang book? From the barbarians? Me: "If you have teeth, you should put them on, paint them, plant two ivory, and wash both springs."

2. a kind of quyi. Performed by two people, one is hiding behind, or talking or singing. Sitting alone in the front, doing all kinds of actions and coordinating with each other.

Ding Ling wrote before the third performance: "Talking about cross talk, playing the double reed, singing a ditty, and cooperating with the people of China who are used to love, so that the public is increasingly enriched and educated." Zhang Tianyi's "Bao's Father and Son" the second time: "Bao Guowei also learned a sentence like singing a double reed and put his tongue out."

3. Metaphorically, the two sides collude with each other and cooperate with each other.

Mao Zedong's "anti-capitulation activities": "They are hidden inside the Anti-Japanese Front and are also performing with Wang Jingwei. Some of them sing duets and some pretend to be red and white. "

Edit the history of double reed in this section.

Began in Qing dynasty

The development history of "Double Spring Opera" is not very long, and it was born in the late Qing Dynasty. When Empress Dowager Cixi was in power, she often asked famous and zaju actors outside to sing for her in the palace.

Related stories

Among these famous actors, there is an artist named Huang who sings "Being Idle". His farce was greatly appreciated by Empress Dowager Cixi. On one occasion, Empress Dowager Cixi sent Huang to the Imperial Palace. It happened that Huang had a sore throat and could not go, but no one dared to disobey the imperial edict and took his son to the Imperial Palace.

When playing, Lao Huang plays the role of Black Boy to make noodles, and Xiao Huang hides in the singing room behind the chair. But being seen through by Empress Dowager Cixi, Huang and his son were too scared to look up. I didn't expect Empress Dowager Cixi to see the perfect cooperation between father and son, which was very interesting. Instead of blaming him, she joked, "You two are called double yellow people!" " Since then, "Double Yellow Melody" (later written as "Double Spring") has become an independent form of Quyi.

Brief introduction of founder

A common saying about double reed is: After the death of Emperor Xianfeng, Empress Dowager Cixi was in power. Besides going to the theatre, she also likes listening to folk art and rap. It is said that once Huang called to perform in the palace. At that time, Huang was over 70 years old and could not sing. If he can't sing in the palace, he is guilty. If he doesn't enter the palace, he will be disobedient and beheaded. What shall we do? He has an idea. His son can also play the piano and sing, so he took his son into the palace. During the performance, he asked his son to squat under his robe and sing. He sits and plays the black boy himself, and only opens his mouth to imitate his son's mouth when singing. Cixi was very happy after seeing it. She said, "You are getting old and your voice is getting better. It's really rejuvenation! " As soon as Huang Gang knelt down to thank her, Cixi found his voice hoarse, and at the same time he found his son. She began to rage. Later, I learned that she was singing a watch and said happily, "You are a yellow man!" " Double yellow originally refers to two surnames Huang. Later, in order to distinguish it from Huang Er in Peking Opera, a bamboo prefix was added to the yellow character, hence the name Shuang Huang. So it was named by Empress Dowager Cixi. This legend has been recognized by people. But in fact, Huang can't bring his son into the palace without permission, let alone secretly sing in front of the queen mother. These can only show that "Double Spring" is a folk art form created by Huang in the late Qing Dynasty.

Huang shiji

There is no accurate record about the birth and death of Huang. According to relevant written records, he lived in Qianlong (1736- 1795), Jiaqing (1796- 1820) and Daoguang (1821- Suppose he was born at the end of Qianlong (A.D. 1795), about 26 years old at the end of Jiaqing, 56 years old at the end of Daoguang, 68 years old at the end of Xianfeng, and over 70 years old at the end of Tongzhi. After Tongzhi, Empress Dowager Cixi listened to politics behind the scenes, calling old artists poor, and Huang Lao couldn't sing. It is also reasonable to create a new form of separation and integration of performance and singing. Therefore, the appearance of the double spring can not be before the Tongzhi year of the Qing Dynasty.

Edit the word "double reed" in this paragraph.

The origin of double springs

The word "double yellow" has been changed to "double spring", whether it is to distinguish it from the "two yellow" in Beijing opera or for other reasons, this word has been really changed well. "Double spring" has two explanations. One is a wind instrument with double reeds, often called "oboe"; The other is a folk art name of China, which originated in Beijing. One person is performing in front, and the other person is hiding behind, talking or singing, and cooperating with each other, as if the actor in front is performing and singing.

As a program, Double Spring was named by Empress Dowager Cixi. It is said that in the early years, there was a Peking Opera singer named Huang who sang a short piece of immortal folk art, which was not only loud, cadenced and full of charm, but also exquisite in action and humorous in content, and was very appreciated by the Western Empress Dowager. Of course, he is often called into the palace to perform for her.

Once, Empress Dowager Cixi wanted to hear Huang's "Immortal Immortal" sing, so she summoned him to perform in the palace. Unfortunately, however, when Huang accepted the execution of his will, he caught a cold and coughed a lot. The noise is not only hoarse, but also almost silent. Temporarily retreat, afraid of the queen mother to blame; To sing, but there is no sound, you will be punished. Huang Yes's son comes from a famous family. Of course, his singing skills may be a bit confusing. He said to his father, "I'll hide in the back and sing, and you do the action show in front." They have to deal with it this way. Unexpectedly, the performance was very successful, and Empress Dowager Cixi was very happy to hear it!

However, at the end of the performance, it was discovered. Father and son knelt down and confessed. But the Western Empress Dowager was so happy that she was spared the crime. She gave money and said, "Don't look at what you are playing, it's more exciting!" " Since then, the program in the form of "double reed" has become popular, and the word "performing double reed" has come into being, meaning that one is open and the other is hiding behind the scenes to deceive people.

Yellow character interpretation

Speaking only in yellow means making a sound. The vibrating piece in a musical instrument is called a spring. There are many kinds of reeds, including bamboo, wood and metal. Musical instruments have one reed, two reeds and multiple reeds. One is called a single spring, such as a clarinet; Many songs are called free springs, such as sheng and harmonica; Two tunes are called double reed, such as oboe. The double spring, single spring and free spring in musical instruments are all hidden in the tube, and only the sound can be heard, but the shape can't be seen.

The vocal cords in a person's throat are also two thin slices, which play the role of pronunciation, but they are not called double springs. It's just sometimes used when expressing different languages. For example, if a person speaks to others, it is a diversion and is called "throwing spring"; Sweet words confuse people and are called "drum tongue"; Two or more people discuss and fabricate a set of lies in advance. In order to achieve a certain goal, mutual echo is also called "double spring". This kind of double spring, commonly known as "pinching the nest", is a double spring in life. It may be based on the folk art double reed, but it is also true, to borrow its name.

operating characteristic

Quyi Shuanghuang is two actors, one performing with body, the other rapping with voice, combining reality with reality. A rapper must have a good voice and a bright voice. Performers don't talk, just open their mouths to imitate the mouth of rap, and their big mouths are open, which can even make people see the fleshy reeds in their throats-vocal cords. There is a pair of couplets that vividly describe the performance of the double reed: suppose that you sing two voices after the performance.

Edit the composition of the double spring in this paragraph.

You must have a stage and a chair to play the double spring. In addition to the wooden wake-up call, handkerchief and folding fan used in cross talk, there is also a kind of headdress with double springs: a small round brace tied to the head with a rope ring, a single braid tied with a pestle, and other styles. When Zhao Yiru played the double spring, she made up two lambs made of moss on her head and two lambs on her ears. This can be designed according to different face shapes.

When double-reed actor A (performer) puts on makeup, he first sits in the chair behind the desk, and actor B (rapper) nests his coat collar to show his neck, and then paints three pieces of white on his eyes and mouth with a big white sheet, so as to see clearly his head movements, facial expressions and language patterns. While putting on makeup, Party A said that in the collar of the nest, Party A regarded Party B as a barber and said, "Just one person? I shave! " When I began to whitewash, I said, "People are clothes and horses are saddles; West Lake scenery, with foreign movies. People don't look good if they don't fall down, and then look down-"B:" Good-looking! " A: "poorer!" Put on white, put on braided hair and start the performance.

There are also different ways to make up. For example, Zhao Airu's double spring makeup is to crush white powder into powder and rub it on her face with her hands. This may be because his face is thin and his eye socket is deep, and some places can't be wiped off with flat white pieces.

A few years ago, Mo Qi and Wang Fengchao were shown on TV. Moqi uses makeup powder instead of white. Take a makeup puff and sprinkle three white cakes on your eyes and mouth. With the performance, with the white powder flying from the face. I haven't finished writing a double-reed poem, and three white cakes have basically fallen out, revealing the true colors of Lushan Mountain. Powdering instead of white, although the stage effect is not ideal, it will never burn the skin and destroy the appearance.

Edit the performance of the double reed in this paragraph

quyi

The double reed in Quyi is mostly performed by crosstalk performers. Performed by A and B, the front one is made up to simulate the mouth shape, which is called "front face". B is knocking at the back and calling "Come back". Traditional cross talk is all a bluff, but playing double reed is the opposite, and most of them suffer. When a double-reed actor comes out, he will use cross talk to pave the way first. A will find the baggage and B will hold it. Sometimes, Huang, the founder of Shuanghuang, is introduced, saying that his father is performing in front and his son is rapping in the back, thus finding the advantage of B. At the beginning of Shuangchun performance, the front face sits in the chair behind the table, squints at the audience silently, then suddenly converges his smile, looks serious, pats wood to give a signal, rappes in the back, and learns the movements of the front face. This term is called "selling images with hair supports". Play a little more, deliberately reveal flaws and find jokes to catch the baggage. A stands up and leaves the table to reveal B, say a few words to each other, and then learn the double spring.

Double reed performance

Shuanghuang famous figure

Sun Baocai (Bear) and Wang Wenlu are in the first stage, specializing in the study of double springs. Wang Wenlu bounced back, squatted behind a chair, and covered her mouth with a fan to rap. Because he is far from the front desk, he has to sing in a very strong and bright voice, which is the basic form of cross talk. It takes a lot of effort to bounce back. You can't play without a solid basic skill and a good voice. Now it is easy to put a microphone behind the chair, and any actor with good or bad voice can play in the back.

Gu and Yin Fulai, who took apart the octagonal drum, also played the double reed. The octagonal drum was also taken apart to perform a brand play. The two sang the brand music of Dan Xian to each other, made a funny and lovely performance, and chatted with gossip related to the story for fun. The difference between their duet and crosstalk duet is that there are two chairs behind the desk. When Yin Fu came to play the back, he also sat in a chair, not covering his face, but also playing the three strings and singing by himself. On the front of the ancient bomb, the three strings are simulated by folding with a big drum stand. The skills of plucking, sweeping, pressing and changing the handle are the same as those of the last three strings, and the lip-synching skills are deeper when singing.

Lotus drop actors Qu Guotian and Wei Meiying also played the double spring in the above form. Wei Meiying plays the back, sits in a chair, sings on clappers, and Qu Guotian plays the front.

The double spring is attached to the cross talk, no matter sitting on the back, it is a cross talk double spring. Crosstalk originated from the teasing of the octagonal drum, and the actors of the octagonal drum used to play and sing by themselves. You must sit and squat and play the strings. So the two chairs and the double spring sitting at the back should be the original form of the double spring. Later, the form of music became independent, and most of them could not play the strings on their backs, so they squatted and hid their faces instead.

In this paragraph, the development of editing double reed.

Crosstalk double spring

Crosstalk double reed is the standard form of double reed, and there are many different forms of double reed in the Wang Yang sea of China literature and art. Some are called double springs instead of double springs, and some are actually double springs instead of double springs. Here are a few. For the convenience of narration, it is not necessarily appropriate to give each one a name for the time being.

Mask double spring

In the early 1960s, the stage of Quyi was mostly new programs, which cooperated with politics, publicized current events, praised contemporary hero models, and emphasized that literature and art served politics, followed by artistry and interest. Wang Qianxiang and Li Zengrui played some new double reeds. Wang Qianxiang plays a positive face, no makeup, no braids, squatting behind a desk while making up, wearing a robe and a mask to play the role. Its mask covers the hair, not completely covering the face, revealing the mouth and chin to match the mouth shape. Play a short play, change a mask and robe, and change the characters in the play. Li Zengrui came back, his lines were all about international current affairs, with a little joke, and he cooperated with the situation for publicity. This interesting double reed is very similar to a live soap opera.

Edit this double reed script.

Double spring festival.

Author: Wang Xuefeng

A: (A takes the stage to speak first) Leaders, colleagues and friends, on the occasion of the Spring Festival, I wish you all a happy New Year, good health, happy family and all the best!

B: (B jumps out from the background, bows with fists in hand while walking, and laughs loudly) Happy New Year, everyone! Happy new year!

A: (A squints angrily at B) Alas. . . Whose child is this? Come here to make trouble!

B: Oh. My name is Huang, and today I will show you a double spring.

Wait, what did you say? You perform double reed for everyone?

Yes, what's the problem?

Do you know what a double reed is? Who is Shuanghuang's father? Who is Mommy with Double Springs? Hmm. . . .

B: (scratching his head and pretending to be confused) Well ... I really don't know. I want to ask you.

A: Listen, young man, let me explain to you what a "double reed" is: a double reed means that one person says and one person does it, and one has to "learn while talking". You got it? Who are its parents? Let me tell you-remember, his parents are four-ring Audi!

B: Why?

A: (Looking at Fan Wei's voice sideways, I wonder. We are all the same race, so the IQ is so different! Think about it, the double spring has only two rings, and Audi has four rings, not its father and mother, but yours!

Well, what a mess. Why don't we act quickly?

A: (looking up and down distrustfully) Are you all right?

B: I haven't performed yet. How do you know I can't? We can try!

Well, can we try it?

B: Wait a minute. . . I have to dress up first.

A: OK, you can dress up first. As the saying goes, the clothes make the man, the horse depends on the saddle, three points is the appearance, and seven points is the dress, and the dress is beautiful. Hum, hum, you watch.

B: (B) After makeup, she twisted her ass and gestured with blue fingers, and walked to the stage like a model. Do you think I look like the famous singer Song Zu Ying? (posing very feminine)

I don't think you look like Song Like Zuying.

B: Then I will. . . . .

A: Owl.

Fuck you, you are an owl! Let's start!

A: OK. Please see, he has to listen to me when he slaps, and he will do whatever I ask him to do. Don't believe it? I'll give you a chance.

B: (applause begins)

Xiao Huang, I am 23 years old and weigh over 330. There are mountains of food, meat and soup. I take a bite of meat, soup, meat, soup, meat. I ... ouch, I ate too much. I have a stomachache, toothache, leg pain, headache and foot pain. . . . It hurts.

B: (B stands up quickly and says angrily) What are you doing, trying to kill me!

A: (smiling) Don't be angry! I just want to see if you can act. It's official now.

B: Come on.

Everybody watch this and see what I can do to him. (whispering to the audience with a bad expression)

B: (applause begins)

A: Chang 'e in the sky-beauty, beauty, beauty!

I'm on the ground-handsome, handsome, handsome!

Look how beautiful she is and how handsome I am!

Handsome men and beautiful women, no one can compare!

The cold wind blows, the snowflakes float,

A big straw bag floated in. Big straw bag missed Chang 'e and had a high fever.

I am burning in the fog. I should fight.

A: I reached out my right hand and hit my left face. I reached out my left hand and hit me on the right face.

A: Put out your right hand and hit your left face. Hold out your left hand and hit your right face.

A: Hold out your right hand, hit your left face, and hold out your left hand. ...

B: (stands up angrily) Are you finished?

B: If I keep fighting, I'll become a pig's head.

A: Yes, yes. Let's do it again!

B: clap your hands and start.

A: "Look at the girl opposite, look, look. The performance here is wonderful. You don't want to pretend to ignore it. . . (Stop to continue) Alas. . I've been lovelorn again recently! Everyone says I'm not manly, and the more I look, the more I look like an old lady. What happened to the old lady? This shows that I am very individual and different, which fully proves a sentence: "Half men are women"! Hmm. . . . No appreciation level! Several MMs met me and said that I looked like Pan Changjiang from a distance, Zhao Benshan from a close distance, Ceng Zhiwei from the left and Fan Wei from the right (the last one

Fan Wei's name can also be changed to the name of the unit leader to increase the interactive and funny atmosphere. . . . Bah! Just call me ugly! Isn't this hurting my beautiful, kind and young heart? I am a little ugly, but I am gentle! Hmm. . . (b is coquetry)

A: (pause) Hehe. . Excuse me! (B is shy) Today I came to attend the Spring Festival party of Anqing Middle School! There is also a main purpose. I heard there are many beautiful women in Anqing Middle School. Maybe one or two beautiful MM with appreciation level will fall in love with my "gentle" little man! {mm-hmm. . . (making a shy gesture) Don't look at others like that, they are embarrassed to say. Mm-hmm. . . . . (Like a woman, she kept twisting and whining until B stood up angrily and interrupted. )

Ok, ok, think about this beauty! Can we do something serious?

A: OK, OK, let's get down to business.

B: clap your hands and start.

Answer: Say Anqing and sing Anqing. Anqing Branch is well supported, the working environment is good, the staff welfare is good, the staff quality is good, the people-oriented strategy is good, the concept of harmonious development is good, the pursuit of Excellence is good, the civilized CCB policy is good, and the beautiful women are in good shape! (Last wink)

B: (looking back) Is it really that good?

A: Don't talk!

B: ok, ok, I won't talk about it. (Applause)

A: Take a good look at the leaders. Anqing Zhongzhi has a good leadership team, decent style, good political achievements, good pragmatic ability, good image of honesty and good approachable attitude! Just a little bad? (pause) If only a beautiful MM could marry me!

B: (looking back) You see you are daydreaming again. No matter how beautiful MM is, she won't marry you. Marry me if you want to!

Fuck you, go on, go on!

B: Clap your hands.

A: The Spring Festival is coming, and the golden pig is in trouble, so the work can't be chaotic. "Job responsibilities are more important than mountains, and it is not easy to put them in place. Let's check together, do a standard class seriously, strictly abide by the rules and regulations, and the peak of the results will definitely climb! " Speaking of double spring, He Xinchun: I wish you all happiness every day, happy family, smooth work, good health, happy family, all the best, happy mood and always smile in the new year! Thank you (grotesque)! (Blows a kiss) {Why don't you give people a hand, huh? . . . The applause is not warm enough! Mm-hmm. . . Learn from the woman's constant coquetry until B stands up angrily and interrupts. )

B: (stands up and says) Are you finished?

A: (Laughter) I'm asking for a little applause for you!

B: Does anyone want applause like you? Endless.

Party A * * * said (thank you) curtain call!