Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Traditional customs - What is humanistic culture?
What is humanistic culture?
Humanistic culture is about the spiritual world, and its goal is mainly to meet the needs of people's spiritual world, to meet the ultimate concern of personal needs and social needs, and to seek goodness. In short, it is "what should it be". Humanistic culture is the foundation of human beings, and all knowledge and activities that endanger people and society must be stopped and eliminated.
Should belong to intangible culture.
What is humanistic culture and what is material culture? The so-called material culture refers to the material process and material products condensed, embodied and entrusted by people's lifestyles, living conditions, thoughts and feelings.
The so-called intangible culture refers to people's spiritual home.
Cultural heritage includes material cultural heritage and intangible cultural heritage.
Material cultural heritage is mainly cultural relics with historical, artistic and scientific values, including movable cultural relics and immovable cultural relics. Immovable cultural relics refer to ancient cultural sites, ancient tombs, ancient buildings, cave temples, stone carvings, murals, important historical sites in modern times and representative buildings. Movable cultural relics refer to important objects, works of art, documents, manuscripts, books and materials, representative objects, etc. In various periods of history, it is divided into precious cultural relics and general cultural relics; Precious cultural relics are divided into first-class cultural relics, second-class cultural relics and third-class cultural relics.
Intangible cultural heritage refers to various forms of traditional cultural expressions (such as folk activities, performing arts, traditional knowledge and skills, and related utensils, articles, handicrafts, etc.). ) and the cultural space closely related to the lives of generations. The scope of intangible cultural heritage includes: poems, myths, epics, stories, legends and proverbs that have been passed down from mouth to mouth for a long time among the people; Music, dance, drama, folk art, acrobatics, puppets, shadow play and other traditional folk performing arts; Life etiquette, festival activities, festivals, folk sports and competitions handed down from generation to generation by the general public, and other customs related to production and life; Folk traditional knowledge and practice about nature and the universe; Traditional handicraft skills; Cultural places related to the above-mentioned cultural expressions, etc.
Harmonious unity of architecture and human culture. What is human culture? In short, human culture is civilized and humanized, emphasizing human value and development needs, and pursuing truth, goodness and beauty and their unity. In the development of contemporary human society, especially in the expansive package construction of big cities, the excessive pursuit of economic growth and material wealth often leads to the alienation of people and the lack of humanistic value goals. Xi 'an put forward the concept of urban middle-level humanistic development. It aims to realize the all-round and free development of human beings by prospering social culture, enriching spiritual life, continuing the context of the ancient capital, building urban civilization, building a harmonious society and putting people first. The essence of human culture is to adhere to people-oriented, and fully embody the principles of respecting, caring for, liberating, developing and relying on people in the management, construction and development of cities, so as to humanize urban functions and civilize urban life.
What is the humanistic culture of Hebei? Julu County is located in the south-central part of Hebei Province, in the east of Xingtai City, on the alluvial plain of the ancient Yellow River and Zhanghe River. It is connected with Nangong and Guangzong counties in the east, Longyao and Renxian counties in the west, Pingxiang county in the south and Ningjin and Xinhe counties in the north. The area is 648. 1 km2. Julu Town, county people * * *, is 0/05km away from Shijiazhuang, the provincial capital.
Yu Shun is here, one of the 36 counties awarded by Qin Shihuang. The county was established in the Han Dynasty, and the Jin Dynasty was the country. Zhang Jiao, Wei Zheng and Zhang Sui all added luster to the civilization history of Julu. At the same time, Julu is also a battleground for military strategists in past dynasties, and Qin Chu's famous "Julu War" took place here. The battle between Wang Mang and Liu Xiu at the end of the Western Han Dynasty, the Yellow Scarf Uprising at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Judy's "Battle of Jingnan", the "Battle of Jia Zhuang" of Ming and Qing soldiers at the end of the Ming Dynasty, and the Xiatou Temple Uprising at Jingtingbao at the end of the Qing Dynasty all left a page in history.
1. Julu dialect belongs to Luji sub-dialect area of northern dialect area (formerly called "Jilu Mandarin Area"). Julu dialect has the characteristics of "complex origin and rich vocabulary" because it is located in the border area of Zhili Shandong in history, with complex geography and special customs. Although Julu is near Beijing, it is quite different from Mandarin in pronunciation and vocabulary, but not in grammar. The pronunciation is close to the northwest Shandong dialect, and some words obviously have Shanxi dialect. Whether a language expert in China or a "foreigner" who calls himself an "expert on China", when faced with an old farmer who is full of dialects and Kan Kan, he often looks at the soil and sighs. Julu dialect and the cultural customs in this area are as rustic and unfathomable as unearthed cultural relics.
2. Since ancient times, there have been many generous and sad people in Yanzhao, and Julu is no exception. Famous officials and scholars came one after another, and heroes came forth in large numbers. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Geng Chun and Herry Liu were among the 28 generals of Yuntai. Zhang Jiao, Sean and Zhang Bao are famous for launching the Yellow Scarf Uprising. Wei Zhi is a generation of celebrities, and his outspoken criticism is unparalleled. Others, such as Lu Wenshu, Zhang Sui, Wei Shou and Zhu Daosheng, are also famous people in history. Among them, the opening angle and Wei Zhi should be emphasized. Opening angle, giant deer man. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, political corruption, economic imbalance, people's displacement and suffering from turmoil. At the same time, the plague raged. Only in the ten years after Emperor Ling of Han ascended the throne, four large-scale epidemics occurred. Natural and man-made disasters continue, and the poor live in dire straits. Zhang Jiao founded Taiping Road, calling himself a "great moral teacher", and began to use the opportunity of treating diseases to preach teachings. He believes that disease is the fruit of evil, so as long as you bow down for the first time and then treat each other with "magic water", you can recover. Through his treatment, Zhang Jiao enjoys high prestige in people's hearts. At the same time, send disciples to various places for activities. After more than ten years' efforts, his followers have grown to hundreds of thousands, covering eight countries including Qing, Xu, You, Ji, Jing, Yang, Yan and Yu. Then the opening angle is set to 36 squares, with generous people 10000 and small squares of 67000, all of which are very handsome and unified. Taking advantage of the poor people's dissatisfaction with real life, he put forward the slogan "Heaven dies, the yellow sky should stand, and the year is in Jiazi". Everything is fine in this world. " The use of regime change to arouse people's desire and yearning for a happy life has further enhanced their appeal. Jiazi year is the first year of Zhong Ping (AD 184). Zhang Jiao originally planned to revolt in all places at the same time. Unexpectedly, his disciple Tang Zhou wrote to report that the Eastern Han Dynasty took immediate action. Zhang Jiao's disciples Dafangqu and Luo Yang's disciples were arrested and killed. After Zhang Jiao and others learned that the uprising plan had failed, they sent someone to tell all parties in the starry night, and the insurgents from all over the country rose in succession. Because the rebels wore yellow turbans on their heads, they were called the Yellow Scarf Army. Zhang Jiao calls himself General Tian, while his brothers Sean and Zhang Bao are called General Earth and General People respectively. Qi Yi's army fought bravely and won some victories in the early days, but due to the lack of training and decentralized command of the uprising troops, it was finally defeated by the Eastern Han regime. As the first organized and planned peasant uprising in the history of China, the historical role of the Yellow turban insurrectionary uprising cannot be underestimated, and its opening angle has also gone down in history because of its performance in launching and organizing the uprising, which is admired by future generations.
What is the humanistic culture of Ji 'an? I. Overview of Ji 'an Ji 'an is located in the southwest of Jiangxi Province. The whole city has jurisdiction over 10 county, 2 districts, 1 city and 2 13 townships, with an area of 25,300 square kilometers and a population of 4.7 million. Since the Qin Dynasty, Ji 'an has been praised by the world as "a treasure trove of geomantic omen, a holy land of revolution, a tourist attraction, a blessed land of investment and a highland of development" because of its long human history, good ecological environment, rich natural resources and unique geographical advantages. Ji 'an is a treasure trove of geomantic omen. Ji 'an was called Luling and Jizhou in ancient times, but it was renamed Ji 'an in the early Yuan Dynasty. It has a long history and splendid culture, including a thousand-year-old city-Ji 'an provincial historical and cultural city, a thousand-year-old kiln-Jizhou kiln, a thousand-year-old bronze ware-new bronze ware of Shang Dynasty, a thousand-year-old academy-Bailuzhou Academy, a thousand-year-old temple-Qingyuan Mountain Jingju Temple, a thousand-year-old village-Linpi and Tiaoyuan, and a thousand-year-old tomb. There are many talents and celebrities here. From the Tang and Song Dynasties to the Ming and Qing Dynasties, there were nearly 3,000 imperial examinations in Ji 'an, with 20 winners, 32 second seats and 32 flower explorations. There is a historical event of "two prime ministers crossing the river and three champions in five miles"; Ouyang Xiu, one of the "Eight Masters of Tang and Song Dynasties", Wen Tianxiang, a national hero, Jie Jin, editor of Yongle Dadian, and Yang Wanli, a great writer in Song Dynasty, were born here successively. At the end of Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of Ming Dynasty, the ancestral homes of contemporary great men * * * and * * * were also in Ji 'an. Ji 'an is a revolutionary holy land where a single spark can start a prairie fire. Ji 'an is the seat of Jinggangshan, the world-famous cradle of China revolution. 1927, * *, Zhu De and other revolutionaries of the older generation established the first rural revolutionary base here, which ignited the spark of China revolution and forged the Jinggangshan spirit of "firm belief, hard work, seeking truth from facts, daring to innovate, relying on the masses and being brave in victory". During the years of struggle between blood and fire, the people of Ji 'an were brave and unyielding, and made great contributions and sacrifices for the China revolution. Only more than 50,000 revolutionary martyrs have been recorded, and Ji 'an produced 147 generals. Ji 'an is a "three colors set each other off" tourist attraction. Ji 'an is rich in tourism resources, and "red, green and ancient" complement each other. Jinggangshan is known as "the first mountain in the world" and belongs to the first batch of national scenic spots. Revolutionary sites represented by Jinggangshan, Sanwan and Donggu are all over the city, with 425 well-preserved revolutionary sites and nearly 1,000, including 28 national red cultural protection units and 17 provincial sites. The city's forest coverage rate is 66%, with beautiful mountains and rivers and beautiful ecology. There are four provincial-level natural scenic spots: Wugong Mountain, Qingyuan Mountain, Yumai Mountain and Narcissus. Luling culture has a long-standing reputation, and a number of places of interest with profound cultural heritage, such as Wen Tianxiang Memorial Hall, Ouyang Xiu Memorial Hall and Western Palace, have attracted many historical and cultural people at home and abroad to visit. Ji 'an is a blessed place for investment and has a superior environment. Ji 'an has a good location advantage. Located in the core area from Hong Kong and Guangdong to the Central Plains via Jiangxi, it is not only the hinterland of the coast, but also the frontier of the mainland. It is adjacent to the Yangtze River Delta in the north and echoes the South China Economic Circle in the south. It is the "golden corridor" leading from the Central Plains to the southeast coast. Ganjiang Waterway, Beijing-Kowloon Railway, Jiangxi-Guangdong Expressway and Jinggangshan Airport constitute a three-dimensional transportation network that goes hand in hand with water, land and air, and its location advantages are increasingly prominent. Ji 'an is rich in natural resources. There are more than 50 kinds of underground mineral deposits, with proven ore reserves of 654.38+0.2 billion tons; With a total area of 25.93 million mu, the mountain forest is an important economic forest production base of Chinese fir, slash pine, Phyllostachys pubescens and camellia oleifera in China. The water resources reach 210.50 billion cubic meters, and the hydropower resources can be developed10.57 million kilowatts. Wan 'an Hydropower Plant, the largest hydropower plant in the province, is located in Ji 'an. Jinggangshan Huaneng Power Plant, the largest thermal power plant in the province, is also here. Ji 'an is rich in skilled labor. There are 308 ordinary middle schools in the city, which send more than 23,000 outstanding talents to universities all over the country every year. There are 54 colleges and universities 1 institute, technical secondary schools and vocational schools, which can provide 65,438+10,000 laborers with secondary education or above to the society every year. Ji 'an has a complete foreign service system. It has formed a "seven in one" investment service system consisting of customs, inspection and quarantine, mayor's direct telephone, investment negotiation center, foreign complaint center, accreditation service center and bidding center. A new Ji 'an with "the best entrepreneurial environment, the lowest business cost, the fastest return on investment and the highest service efficiency" is attracting investors at home and abroad with its unique charm. Ji 'an is a development highland that accelerates its rise. Since the reform and opening up, especially in recent years, the people of Ji 'an have carried forward the great Jinggangshan spirit, persisted in taking Scientific Outlook on Development as the guide, development as the theme and opening wider to the outside world as the main strategy, and actively promoted the process of industrialization, urbanization and industrialization. The city's economy and society showed a good trend of sustained, healthy and rapid development. The industrial economy grew strongly. With the efforts of the whole city, the city's high-tech zone and 1 1 county industrial park have been built, and a number of key enterprises, such as Singapore Food and Medicine Science and Technology Park, Hongkong Tai Sen Group, Huayu Communication and Hangsheng Electronics, have been successfully introduced, and six pillar industries, such as electronics, food, medicine, electric power, building materials and metallurgy, have been initially formed, realizing a historic transformation from agriculture-led to industry-led. The agricultural structure has been continuously optimized, and leading industries such as pollution-free vegetables, herbivorous livestock and poultry, characteristic aquatic products, flower seedlings and characteristic fruit industry have been cultivated. It is the production base of commodity grain, commodity pig and beef cattle in the whole province. The tertiary industry, led by tourism, is booming. Jinggangshan has become an "excellent tourist city in China", Wugong Mountain has been listed as a national key scenic spot, and Beilin has been rated as a "famous village of Chinese history and culture", initially forming a red, green and ancient Ada Jinggangshan tourism circle. In 2006, the city's GDP was 3.51.80 billion yuan, an increase of1.3%; The total fiscal revenue was 3.22 billion yuan, and the local revenue was 2.05 billion yuan, increasing by 16.8% and 15% respectively. The city's urban fixed assets investment12.93 billion yuan, an increase of12.5%; The actual utilization of foreign capital was $2 1 10,000, an increase of16%; The per capita disposable income of urban residents was 9,500 yuan, and the per capita net income of farmers was 3,572 yuan, increasing by 10.4% and 9.4% respectively. Ji 'an, an ancient city with a long history and splendid civilization, is full of vitality. At present, the 4.7 million people in Ji 'an are based on a new starting point, seeking a new leap, striving to enlarge the total economic output, enhancing their comprehensive strength, speeding up enriching the people and strengthening the city, building a harmonious society, and striving to promote a new leap from a large agricultural city to an economically strong city, from the pre-industrial stage to the mid-industrial stage, and from an overall well-off society to an all-round well-off society. A civilized, prosperous and harmonious new Ji 'an will surely accelerate its rise in central Jiangxi.
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What is craftsman culture? Artisan culture means that practitioners in a certain industry constantly improve their products.
The Japanese have a craftsman culture, and the so-called craftsman here refers to the practitioners in a certain skill industry.
You can often hear such lines in Japanese dramas and cartoons, such as "I want to be the best Lamian Noodles in Japan", "I want to cure all the injuries in Japan", "The production of the fruit of peace needs all my strength and concentration" and becoming a famous doctor to cast swords, and so on. From widely respected doctors to ordinary Lamian Noodles masters, they are obsessed with technology and proud of practitioners from all walks of life.
What is the actor's culture? Although actors and actresses were not regarded as a respected industry in the Qing Dynasty, actors suffered more from low social orientation and marginalization, but the appreciation gained from the audience in their performance career may also bring considerable privileges to actors. On the other hand, although actors and their political parties usually have no position in orthodox ideology, the internal organization and consciousness of actors are often in step with orthodox ideology. The mixed attitude of society towards actors and their ambiguous status make actors form a special group in traditional society. Since the turn of the century, the appearance of Beijing opera masters such as Mei Lanfang has pushed the brilliant side of actors to the peak. But in many ways, the basic structure of the entanglement of lightness and glamour in an actor's career is probably still lingering.
What is the definition of human nature?
Humanism, the abbreviation of human culture, is a personal subjective knowledge point that conforms to the law of world development and can be accepted by the public by people standing on their own or others' point of view and thinking rationally about known or unknown objective things or phenomena in the world with their own or others' methods.
China wrote in Ci Hai: "Humanism refers to various cultural phenomena in human society". As we know, culture is the knowledge or experience related to one's own life that organisms gradually accumulate in the process of their development, and it is the embodiment of their adaptation to nature or the surrounding environment. Therefore, specific to human society, culture not only includes people's external necessities of life, but also includes people's internal psychological, conscious or thinking activities.
From Baidu Encyclopedia ~ ~ ~
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