Hakka house tour guide

Hakka roundhouse tour guide 6

As a tour guide specializing in providing quality service to tourists, from time to time to carry out the preparation of the tour guide, the tour guide is a tour guide in the tour for the verbal expression of the word of explanation. So the question comes, how should the guide word be written? The following is my collection of Hakka roundhouse tour guide, I hope to help you.

Hakka house guide 1

Ganzhou, referred to as "Piety", also known as "Piety City", also known as "Gannan", is one of the seventy large and medium-sized cities in China. Located in the south of Jiangxi Province, is the southern gate of Jiangxi Province, is the largest area in Jiangxi Province, the largest number of teeth and under the jurisdiction of the county and city prefecture-level city. Ganzhou is the provincial sub-center city of Jiangxi Province, with three state-level economic and technological development zones and the province's only comprehensive bonded zone. Ganzhou is the world's rare metal wealth base and advanced manufacturing base, red cultural heritage and innovation zone and famous red tourism destination, regional comprehensive transportation joints, Gan, Guangdong, Fujian and Hunan four provinces through the regional contemporary central city. Ganzhou has a long history, with more than 2,200 years of history, is the national sweat and culture of the city, with thousands of miles of Ganjiang first city, the world's tungsten capital, rare earth kingdom, geomancy culture, such as the first place. 20xx June, the State Council formally issued the "State Council on the support of the revitalization of Gannan and other former central Soviet Union growth of the number of opinions," aimed at a full range of multi--scale all-out efforts to urge the Gannan and other former central Soviet Union to achieve the comprehensive revitalization.

Gannan is one of the three largest Hakka settlements in the world. The Hakka people have five great migrations, of which the first primary to Jiangxi Jiujiang, Ji'an; the second to Jiangxi Ganzhou and Fujian Tingzhou. Ganzhou is the birthplace of the Hakka people and the Hakka people's primary settlement, Ganzhou Hakka teeth accounted for more than 95% of the city of Ganzhou, the "cradle of the Hakka" said. According to statistics, there are more than 200,000 Hakka people of Ganzhou nationality in Hong Kong, Taiwan and foreign countries, of which the overseas Chinese are diffused in Southeast Asia and Japan, Canada, Australia, the United States and other more than 20 countries and regions. Ganzhou still has more than 600 Hakka houses in the territory, so far the most complete career, the most representative of the Longnan Guanxi Xinwei, Yanyiwei and Anyuan's Dongshengwei. Ganzhou has a Hakka culture city and many ancient Hakka villages such as Bailu Village. There are also many gentlemen among the Hakka people of Ganan origin such as Zhong Shaojing, the first prime minister of Jiangnan, Qi Shaoqian, an ink scholar of the Sheng Tang Dynasty, Chen Shuji, a famous doctor of the Northern Song Dynasty, Zeng Gui, an ink scholar of the Song Dynasty, Wei Xi, a prose writer, Xu Sizhuang and Luomu, a word painter, Sun Shiwei, the forefather of Sun Yat-sen's teacher, as well as Guo Lidaiju, an economist of the modern era. In the new democratic revolution, Gannan Hakka people also occurred a large number of generals, such as Gu Bai, Xiao Hua and so on. Xingguo County, which has 54 generals, is known as "General County".

Gannan Hakka Hutong Guide 2

Gannan Hutong houses were built in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, and now there are more than 500 of them, mainly in Longnan, Dingnan, Quannan, Xinfeng, Anyuan, and Xunwu.

Gannan, the history of "the south of the Paiyue, the north of China, according to the Five Ridges of the key meeting, the Gan, Fujian, Guangdong and Hunan of the key", so the Qin and Han dynasties have built a county, to the end of the Han Dynasty, there has been a prefectural level of administrative institutions. At the end of the Tang Dynasty, the Central Plains were in turmoil, and Gannan became an ideal shelter for those who avoided the turmoil because of its sparsely populated and relatively remote and quiet area. A large number of refugees from the Central Plains crowded into Gannan, and the population increased tenfold in the early years of the Northern Song Dynasty, and the immigrants were far more than the original indigenous inhabitants, which greatly changed the composition of the inhabitants at that time and the traditional structure of their culture, and so a new special ethnic group - the Hakka - was slowly birthed in this specific historical and geographic environment. In this specific historical and geographic environment, a new special ethnic group, the Hakka, was slowly nurtured. At the same time and since then, the Hakka ancestors or Hakka people who moved into Gannan from the Central Plains have continued to migrate to western Fujian and eastern Guangdong. Gannan is much earlier than western Fujian and eastern Guangdong, where Hakka people live, and there was Nanshu County (in present-day Nankang or Dayu County) in the Qin Dynasty.

According to "Huainanzi", the first emperor of Qin Shi Huang for the unification of the southern border of the motherland, had ordered the general Tu Ju rate of 500,000 troops, divided into five routes to march the Baiyue, after the success of one of them left "an army to guard the boundary of the South Villa". This is the earliest record in history of the Han Chinese entering Gannan. This is the origin and predecessor of the formation of Hakka, and in the subsequent historical evolution, the Hakka people constitute a unique group of Gannan residents, and the Gannan roundhouses constitute a strange humanistic landscape of Hakka dwellings. According to Wan Younan's research: the house of enclosure, as its name suggests, is a house enclosed. Its outer wall is not only the load-bearing outer wall of the house, but also the defense wall of the whole house. Its main door has a title such as "Panan Wei", "Longguang Wei" and so on.

Hakka enclosure guide 3

In the two Jin Dynasty to the Tang and Song Dynasty, due to war, the Yellow River Basin of the Central Plains Han people were forced to migrate south, after five south migration, has settled in the south of Guangdong, Fujian, Jiangxi, Hong Kong and the New Territories and other places. Because they left their homeland in the Central Plains, these Han Chinese who migrated south have always called themselves "Hak", meaning that they live in other places. Therefore, it is said that "every mountain must have guests, no guests do not live in the mountains". Ancient local registration for these immigrants, also set up for the "guest registration", called "customer", "Hakka", which is the origin of the Hakka people. In order to prevent foreign enemies and wild animals, most of the Hakka people live in clusters, the formation of the Dragon House, the horse building, five phoenix building, Siwei building, four-cornered building, etc., which is the most surviving and most famous of the Dragon House, is the concentration of Hakka architectural culture.

The Hakka house began in the Tang and Song dynasties and flourished in the Ming and Qing dynasties. The Hakka people used the most advanced technique of combining lifting beam and piercing bucket in the traditional construction craft of the Central Plains, and chose hilly areas or sloping lots to build the walled houses, with the main structure of "one into three halls, two compartments and one enclosure". Most of their residences are in remote and remote mountainous areas, and in order to prevent the harassment of thieves and the ostracization of the locals, they built barracks-type residences, which are in two forms: One: brick structure. Two: special adobe structure: in the soil mixed with lime, with glutinous rice, egg white as a thickener, to bamboo, wood for the sinews, rammed wall thickness of 1 meter, more than 15 meters high earth building. Third, granite stone structure (such as Jiangxi Longnan Longguang Wei). Ordinary round dragon house covers an area of 8 acres, 10 acres, large round dragon house has been in the area of more than 30 acres, build a complete round dragon house often need five years, ten years, some even longer. A dragon house is a huge fortress for Hakka people. Inside the house, there are many bedrooms, kitchens, large and small halls and wells, pigsties, chicken coops, toilets, warehouses and other living facilities, forming a self-sufficient, self-fulfilling small groups of society.

Guangdong Meizhou, Shenzhen, Huizhou, Heyuan, as well as Jiangxi Ganzhou, Fujian Longyan, Hong Kong, the New Territories and other areas, is one of the main areas where the Hakka people live. The traditional residence of the Hakka people - Hakka walled houses, mainly located in the east of Guangdong, northern Guangdong, Gannan, the East River Basin and the Pearl River Estuary around the Shenzhen, Hong Kong and other places, its rich, colorful form, is a precious historical and cultural heritage. Guangdong and Hong Kong Hakka enclosure, can be roughly divided into 15 types, in particular, the Dragon enclosure, castle-style Hakka enclosure, Shenzhen Watchtower, the most local characteristics of the four-cornered building.

Hakka house guide 4

Gannan roundhouse constitutes a strange Hakka residential humanities landscape. According to Wan Younan research study: roundhouse, as the name suggests, that is, surrounded by houses. Its outer wall is not only the load-bearing outer wall of the house, but also the defense wall of the whole house. Its gate has many titles such as Pan'an Wei, Yan Yi Wei, Long Guang Wei and so on. Gannan houses produced in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, there are still more than 500 seats, mainly distributed in Longnan, Dingnan, Quannan, and Xinfeng, Anyuan, Xunwu. The large covers an area of more than 10,000 square meters, and the largest Longnan Liyuan round up to 37,000 square meters, small 50 or 60 square meters. From the plane can be divided into two categories of mouth and national character formation. Its shape is mostly square enclosure, but also part of the round, semi-circular and irregular shape. Structural form of both the triple soil, river pebbles constructed, there are bricks, stone masonry. The most representative of the surviving houses are Longnan Guanxi's new enclosure, Yangcun's Yanyi enclosure, Taojiang's Longguang enclosure, Anyuan Zhengang's Dongsheng enclosure, Dingnan Geogong's Tianxin enclosure, and so on.

Gannan roundhouse is an ancient collection of ancestral halls, homes, and fortresses as a whole, with a fresh name defense characteristics of the strong residential. The outer wall of the enclosure is 1 meter thick (Yan wing enclosure wall is 145 meters thick), three or four layers high, the four corners of the construction of the outward and upward projection of a variety of bunkers. In order to eliminate dead ends, some in the bunker and then wipe the corner to pick up a single small bunker. The roof of the house is set up rows and rows of gunshot holes. Door wall is particularly thick, the door frame are made of boulders, thick plate door is also nailed iron. Plate door after more than one set of gates, gates are also set up after the heavy door. The top of the door is also equipped with a leak to prevent fire attack. In addition to a few large enclosures, generally only a hole in the door. Surrounding the roof of the house is mostly for war preparation, and take the inner 2/3 of the wall wall as a ring-shaped wall corridor through a gas, easy to occupy the personnel maneuver. House inside the dug wells, more food and grass storage room, some also with fern points, or with glutinous rice flour, brown sugar, egg whites and whitewash walls, long suffering from lack of food, can be peeled off to feed the hungry.

The vast majority of Gannan houses are square, four corners (a few in the symmetry of the two corners) are constructed strong towers. The outer wall is a solid closed body, covered with gun ports. The appearance of severe cold, solid as gold. Obviously, its image and the Guangzhou tomb Ming ware docking fort and Ezhou unearthed Dongwu Sun General Gate Tower is very similar.

Gannan enclosure whether small to one side of only three rooms of the cat cabinet to the large to cover an area of more than 11 acres of Guanxi new enclosure, it is the same all have a strong defense function and clan group living affinity, square enclosure are surrounded by simple enclosure, generally are two or three layers, there are more than four layers of the person for the overhanging outside the corridor structure. Larger enclosures are also built inside the ancestral hall; the larger ones are multi-storey sets of enclosures. The outer wall of the enclosure is mostly river stone, hemp stone, green stone, green brick construction of the solid wall, the thickness of even up to two meters. Internal granaries, wells, sewage pipes and so on. This easy to defend and difficult to attack the enclosure is simply an independent kingdom, a small city.

Hakka roundhouse guide 5

Chestnut Garden round is the largest roundhouse in Gannan, located in Longnan County Riren Town, covers an area of 68 acres, was built in Hongzhi Xin You year, so far there have been more than five hundred years. Surrounding the wall are masonry, hundreds of houses are staggered, densely packed. Three fishponds in the enclosure, juxtaposed into a lake, bamboo and willow shadow, scattered along the shore. Although it is a typical Hakka house, but has the charm of Jiangnan scenery. The residents of Liyuan Wei are all surnamed Li, and are said to be the descendants of General Li Qinggong, a great general of the Ming Dynasty. General Li followed the famous Confucian general Wang Yangming to unite the army to quell the rebellion, outstanding achievements, after returning to his hometown, he used the rewarded land to build a house, and it is said that the three words "Chestnut Garden" are all inscribed in Wang Yangming's handwriting.

Chestnut Garden is famous for its three halls, namely: Ji Jin Ancestral Hall, Bar Cou Hall, New Stove Hall and Pear Tree Hall. Among them, Ji Jin Ancestral Hall is the main ancestral temple of the whole enclosure, the clan assembly and deliberation of the wedding and funeral are to come here. New Stove Hall was completed in the end of the Jiajing period, two fifth-ranking doctor here, became a famous "doctor's place" in the Chestnut Garden enclosure. The second fifth-grade doctor, Li Shouhan, was 95 years old when he was blessed with a heavy grandson, and the "five generations of the same hall" of the first doctor became a great story. According to legend, more than 500 years ago, this place was a forest of hundreds of acres of chestnut trees called "Chestnut Tree Garden". Chestnut grove west of dozens of pear trees, forming a natural pear garden, people call it "chestnut tree garden" in the "garden in the garden". One summer the weather was very hot, many people in the Li family had lung fever, which could not be cured for a long time. A passing old woman told everyone, next to the pear garden in the pear is extraordinary, can clear the heat detoxification lungs, and then dug up the roots of the tree decoction boiled cream will be able to cure the disease. The villagers did as they were told, and they were cured soon afterward. At this time, the old woman who taught the prescription has not known where to go. A traveling Taoist revealed the mystery, the original old woman is the old mother of Pi Shan change, for the people to get rid of disasters and diseases. Due to digging up too many roots, the pear grove slowly died. But this "pear garden" but left in the hearts of the Li family. In the expansion of the chestnut garden enclosure, in the location of the "pear orchard" built a "enclosure in the enclosure", named "under the pear tree", the ancestral hall is also provided with the tablets of the old mother of the pear mountain, and will always be grateful to her for her kindness to the rescue of the Li family. The Li family's rescue grace

Hakka house guide 6

Hakka Tulou distribution of the main areas are located in the south of the Bo Pingling Mountains on both sides of the west and east of the southwest and northeast of several counties and cities in Fujian, especially the Hakka and Minnan dialect of the two major dialects of the junction area. Such as Longyan, Hulei, Guzhu, Qiling, Daxi, Hukeng, Xiayang townships, Kuiyang, Meilin, Shuyang 3 townships in northwestern Nanjing, Luxi, Xiazhai, Hexi, Xufeng, Jiufeng townships in western Pinghe, Xiuzhuan, Guanpi 2 townships in northwestern Zhao'an, as well as Shuangxi, Fenglang, Taoyuan in southeastern Taipu, Guanshi in western Fengshun, and Shangshanyan, Sanyao and other towns in northern Rao Ping. Historically, since the Song Dynasty, this has been the boundary between Tingzhou, Zhangzhou, Meizhou and Chaozhou, and has remained largely unchanged to date, except for very minor subdivisions. It is very noteworthy that the residents of Tingzhou and Meizhou are Hakka people, while Zhangzhou and Chaozhou have Hakka people infiltrating the border.

3 typical tulou, five phoenix building is mainly distributed in Yongding Gao Pei, Can City, Hu Lei 3 townships, where a large area of plains, arable land and convenient transportation, since ancient times is the Hakka region in the abundance of grain, tobacco, coal pot of gold, and the general "eight mountains, one water, one field," the barren scene is very different, it should be seen, it is here that the developed economy provides the opportunity to make the five phoenix building, the Hakka people. It should be noted that it was the developed economy here that provided the economic foundation and social status that enabled the construction of Wu Feng Lou. At the same time, because of the distance from the border conflict area, the living environment is relatively peaceful. Therefore, the residence emphasizes the order of respect and inferiority and does not need to focus on the defense, the total number of five Phoenix House is very small.

Fanglou is mainly distributed in Longyan, Yongding, Nanjing border area. Bo Ping Ling runs through it, and from the Song Dynasty to the present, it is the district where Ting and Zhangchuan are located. Fanglou has the largest number of earth buildings in 3 categories. Yongding Gaopi Township 649 (of which 2 are 6-story), Kanshi Township 1,016 (of which 1 is 6-story), Fushi Township statistics are not available, Hulei Township 609, Guzhu Township statistics are not available, Qiling Township 376, Daxi Township 155, Hukeng Township 201 (of which 6 are 6-story), Xiayang Township statistics are not available. Nanjing Kuiyang Township 34, Meilin Township 62, Shuyang Township 230. Needless to say, the total number of Yongding square building accounted for the dominant share, leaving aside the distribution of scattered townships do not count, there have been statistics of the six townships ***3006. To an average of 500 seats, the statistics of the three townships **** 1500 seats, Yongding County, more than 3 square building total more than 4,500 seats, is really an amazing number.

It is also important to note that the owners or builders of all the above square buildings are almost all Hakka people. Longyan township residents of the right attribute is not known, the prevailing vernacular is not Hakka non-Minnan language, but "the right building architects from Yongding Jinfeng, such as Xiao surnames, carpentry and settled in the right". Nanjing County, 11 townships, 8 townships all Minnan, only Kuiyang, Meilin, Shuyang 3 townships of Hakka Minnan mixed, and square building concentration of Hakka villages. Yongding is a purely Hakka residential county. The distribution of Fanglou is the transition area from Pingchuan to the ridge, where there is less cultivated land, poorer economy, less convenient transportation, and a history of banditry and armed fighting. Therefore, the square building with the five Feng Lou than, obviously, the sense of order is weakened and defensive enhancement.

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