Han architecture Han altar temple "Jin Temple" what history

The Jin Ancestral Hall, located in Jinzi Town, Jinyuan District, Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province, was originally called the Jin King's Ancestral Hall, initially known as the Tang Shuyu Ancestral Hall, which was built in honor of the founding vassal of the State of Jin, Tang Shuyu, who was posthumously crowned the King of Jin, as well as his mother, Queen Euphrosyne, who is now the earliest existing royal garden in China. It is the earliest existing royal garden in China, and is the ancestral shrine of the state of Jin. There are dozens of ancient buildings in the shrine, which are characterized by traditional Chinese culture.

The Jin Ancestral Temple, in which the Nara Spring, the statue of the Maiden, and the statue of the Virgin Mother are known as the "Three Beauties of the Jin Ancestral Temple."

The Jin Ancestral Temple was announced by the State Council as the first batch of the national key cultural relics protection units in March 1961, and the first batch of the AAAA-level tourist attractions in 2011.

Western Zhou

Western Zhou (11th century BC - 771 BC) was the first imperial garden in China. The Western Zhou Dynasty (11th century - 771 years ago), King Cheng of the Zhou Dynasty, Ji Recitation, sealed his brother Ji Yu in Tang, called Tang Shu Yu. His fiefdom was in Yicheng, Shanxi Province. Later, a branch of the Shuyu clan moved to Jinyang and built a shrine at the foot of the Hanging Jar Mountain, where the Jin River originates, which was called the Tang Shuyu Ancestral Hall. Yu's son, Xie, changed the name of his state to Jin because of the presence of Jin water in his territory.

Eastern Han Dynasty

In the third year of Han'an (144) in the Eastern Han Dynasty, an earthquake hit Taiyuan, affecting the Jin Ancestral Hall. [5]?

Jin Ancestral Hall, North and South Dynasties

During the Tianbao period of the North and South Dynasties (550-559), Emperor Gao Yang of Wenxuan expanded the Jin Ancestral Hall, "raising large buildings and constructing ponds through them". The Reading Terrace, Wangchuan Pavilion, Liubu Pavilion, Yongxue Pavilion, Renzhi Xuan, Junfutang, Nianlaoquan Pavilion, Shanliquan Pavilion, and so on, were all built during this period. From Gao Yang onwards, all of them have been restored. [5]?

Jin Ancestral Temple Sui Dynasty

Sui-Kaihuang six years (581-586), in the southwest of the ancestral temple area to build additional Shelly Shengsheng Pagoda to attract the Jin water to irrigate rice paddies, the circumference back to the 41 miles. [6]?

Jin Ancestral Temple Tang Dynasty

Tang Zhenguan twenty years (646), Emperor Taizong Li Shimin to the Jin Ancestral Temple, writing the inscription "Jin Ancestral Temple of the inscription and preface", and another expansion.

Jin Ancestral Temple Song Dynasty

Bei Song Taipingxingguo years (976 -983), Song Taizong Zhao Guangyi in the Jin Ancestral Temple, the completion of the repairs, but also engraved a monument to remember.

Tian Sheng years (1023-1032), Song Renzong Zhao Zhen Yu posthumously Tang Shuyu as Fendong King, and for Tang Shuyu's mother Yijiang built a large-scale Hall of the Virgin Mary.

The Temple of the Holy Mother of God

Song Zhe Zong Yuan You, Shao Sheng years (1086-1098), casting iron man, building Lotus Terrace to strengthen the majesty. Yuanyou two years (1087), Taiyuan Province, the head of the Lv Ji and others to offer the Virgin Mary Temple gable wood carving six dragons and the Virgin Mary seat things. Yuanyou four years (1089), cast the gold man on the southeast corner of the platform, an iron man (the existing iron man is the Republic of fifteen years (1926) to make up the casting). Shao Sheng four years (1097), casting Jinrendai southwest corner of an iron man. Shao Sheng five years (1098), casting Jinrendai northwest corner of an iron man. Northeast corner of the iron man early destruction, in the Republic of China in two years (1913) replacement casting.

Song Huizong Chongning (1102-1106 years), rebuilt the Hall of the Virgin Mary, given the name "Temple of Mercy". In the first year of Zhenghe (1111), rebuilt the Miao Hall. In the eighth year of Zhenghe (1118), a pair of iron lions with flying beams were cast.

Jin Dading eight years (1168), more in the Feilang Dadong, additional dedication hall, dedicated to the Holy Mother and Child to contribute offerings. The width of the face is 3 rooms, and the depth is 2 rooms. [7]?

Jin Ancestral Hall Yuan Dynasty

Yuan Shizuizu to Yuan four years (1267), the reconstruction of Tang Shuju Ancestral Hall in the building, surveyed the Jin Ancestral Hall around the land boundary. Eagle Yin wrote the "Re-establishment of Fendong Wang Temple Record".

Yuan Renzong Huangqing two years (1313), the monk Hongzhi Zenji rebuilt Fengsheng Temple.

In the first year of Emperor Tai Ding's Zhihe reign (1328), Yuan Tai Ding rebuilt Miaodong.

In the first year of Emperor Shundei's reign (1341), Wang Sicheng was appointed to the Hedong Shanxi Province (Xuanwu Si) and refurbished the Jin Ancestral Temple. The following year, Taiyuan earthquake, affecting the Jin Ancestral Temple, was rebuilt the Hall of the Holy Mother of God. To Zheng three years (1343), stone carving "Confucius step tends to figure", placed in the Qinghua Hall. [8]?

Jin Temple Ming Dynasty

Ming Hongwu first year (1368), rebuilt the Yuhua Temple, the main hall of three rooms, the left and right side of the hall each three rooms. Hongwu two years (1369), the Mother of God as "Guanghui Xianling Zhaoji Mother of God". Hongwu three years (1370), the creation of Xianwengge, also known as the Red Pavilion.

Jinxi Academy

Ming Yongle ten years (1412), the monk Yuanjue Zenji came to Fengsheng Temple, additional Guanyin Hall, cast the left bell of the Hall of the Virgin Mary. Fourteen years (1416), built on the Sheng Temple, the main hall of three pillars, east and west side of the hall each three pavilions. Yongle twenty-one years (1423), complementary casting Lotus Terrace northwest corner of the iron man's head.

Tianshun first year (1457), the right side of the temple of the mother of God cast a big bell. Tianshun five years (1461), Shanxi governor Mao Biao repair Jin Ancestral Temple, engraved "repair Jin Ancestral Temple monument".

Ming Chenghua twenty-three years (1487), the temple of the Virgin Mary set up the "Imperial Ritual" monument.

Ming Zhengde six years (1511), rebuilt Miao Hall. Zhengde eight years (1513) complementary casting northwest corner of the iron man shin. Zhengde fifteen years (1520), cast HaoTianShrine bell.

Ming jiajing, built white crane pavilion. Jiajing eleven years (1532), dynasty Li in jinji temple in the southeast corner of the creation of jinxi school. Jiajing 27 years (1548), built reading platform, repair Wangchuan Pavilion, Tang Shuju Ancestral Hall, Shanli Pavilion, difficult to Lao Pavilion. Jiajing forty years to forty-one years (1561-1562), the Ninghua King's House to repair the Hall of the Virgin Mary, fish swamp flying beam. In the forty-second year of Jiajing (1563), the Jellyfish House was created.

Ming Longqing first year (1567), Gao RuXing wrote "re-modification of the Jin Temple Temple Records", re-modification of the Dongyue Ancestral Temple.

Ming Wanli years (1573-1620), in front of the Hall of Dedication to add a pair of Yue Fang and bell and drum tower. Then, on the east side of the Huixian Bridge, the magnificent Shuijing Terrace was rebuilt for theater performances. [9]?

Jin Ancestral Temple of the Qing Dynasty

In the first year of the Kangxi reign of the Qing Dynasty (1662), the Wangchuan Pavilion was rebuilt. In the twenty-fifth year of the Kangxi period (1686), Zhou Zaijun, the governor of Taiyuan, rebuilt the Tang Shuyu Ancestral Hall and wrote an article about it. In the 38th year of the Kangxi period (1699), the Luzu Pavilion was built. In 1709, Tang Shuyu Ancestral Hall was repaired again. Kangxi fifty-seven years (1718), renovation of the Temple, the creation of the Fengxuan.

Yueyue Pai Fang

In the eighth year of the Yongzheng era (1730), the Gao family rebuilt the Taimyr Temple.

In the first year of the Qianlong era (1736), Jun Tian Le Terrace was built. In the second year of the Qianlong period (1737), the Three Sacred Shrines and the Tongle Pavilion were rebuilt. Qianlong twelfth year (1747), rebuilt Sheri Shengsheng Pagoda. Qianlong sixteen years (1751), Hanlin Yang Eryou return to the Jin Temple, dedicated to the Jin Temple repair. In the twenty-fifth year of the Qianlong era (1760), the ancestral hall of Gongbuzi was rebuilt. In 1771, Zhu Gui, the governor of Shanxi, and Zhou Kuan, the governor of Taiyuan, rebuilt the Tang Shuyu Ancestral Hall. In the thirty-eighth year of the Qianlong reign (1773), the Wenchang Palace, the Seven Sages of Jinshui Ancestral Hall, and the Locked Rainbow Bridge were expanded. In the thirty-ninth year of the reign of Emperor Qianlong (1774), the Flying Beam of Yushu was repaired. In the forty-third year of the Qianlong period (1778), the White Crane Pavilion was built. In the 50th year of the reign of Emperor Qianlong (1785), the Chaoyang Cave and the Reading Platform were built. In the 60th year of the reign of Emperor Qianlong (1795), the Hao Tian Shrine was expanded and the Reading Platform was rebuilt.

Jiaqing six years (1801), repair the Jade Emperor Pavilion, three Qing caves, Guandi Temple was completed. Jiaqing fourteen years (1809), a comprehensive repair of the Jin Temple, including the Lotus Pond, the water parlor, Flying Beam, Taimyr Temple, Gongtu Zi Shrine, the Three Saints Shrine and so on. Jiaqing twenty-third year (1818), repair Yu Hua Temple.

Daoguang five years (1825), rebuilt Dongyue Temple. Daoguang twenty-four years (1844), repair part of the Jin Temple.

Hamfeng five years (1855), rebuilt Qinghua Hall.

Tongzhi two years (1863), rebuilt Fengsheng Temple.

In the first year of Guangxu (1875), Guangxu inscribed a plaque with the title "Sanjin Legacy Seal". Guangxu twenty-eighth year (1902), the euphonious Liu Dapeng completed the "Jinzi Zhi" draft. Guangxu thirty years (1904), repair Jin Ancestral Temple to Fengxuan. [10]?

Republic of Jinshi

Republic of China in six years (1917), the construction of the washing ear hole and true interest pavilion.

Republic of China in the fifteenth year (1926), complementary casting jinshi jinrendai southeast corner of the iron man's head.

In the 16th year of the Republic of China (1927), Rong Hong fat building Taoran village villa (Rong family garden).

Republic of China nineteen years (1930), built stone boat "untied boat". [11]?

Jinzi new China

1954, repair Zhi Bo canal, rebuild lock rainbow bridge.

1960, rebuilt Wangchuan Pavilion, rebuilt Miao Hall, expand Wenchang Palace. [12]?

Jinshi victory

1964, the new Jinshi gate and Wangchuan Pavilion, refurbishment of the Lubao River and the three pavilions. In the same year, the demolition of the Tongle Pavilion, remodeling the Shanxi dynasties calligraphy and painting room.

1965, expanding the difficult old spring water weir, construction of jinzi park south lake hall, boat dock. [13]?

1975, comprehensive renovation of Wenchang Palace.

1977, the provincial cadres sanatorium returned Fengsheng Temple site houses 120.

1978, a comprehensive renovation of the Jin Temple, leveling the land 47,845 square meters, moved out of 22 households in the cultural relics area, Wang Qiong ancestral temple on the south side of the hill built a hexagonal Pavilion, renovation of the Zhi Bo canal, re-built the Shanli spring canal, repair Guandi Temple, Tang Shuji Temple, the three Pavilions, Jinxi Shuyuan. [14]?

In 1980, in the original site of Feng Sheng Temple reconstruction of the newly relocated building.

In 1980-1981, the tomb of Lou Rui, King of Dong'an of the Northern Qi Dynasty, which was excavated near Wang Guo Village of Jinzi Temple, preserved nearly 200 square meters of murals, which are the earliest preserved historical treasures of high artistic value in China.

In 1981, the expansion of the Tangbei Pavilion. In the same year, maintenance of rain flower temple, Laojun cave, Ruiyun Pavilion, Taoran village villa and other major buildings. Renovation of Jinzi Park drinking horse spring scenic area, the construction of the Royal Well Pavilion, Lotus Root Champs, promenade and pagoda and other projects, to 1989 all completed. [15]?

In 1991, dong shouping art memorial hall in jinzi museum was completed and opened. Carved eight scenic monuments inside and outside the Jin Temple exhaustion, and built a monument gallery. Restoration of jinxi academy. Prince Qiao Ancestor built Taiyuan Wang Ancestral Hall.

Cultural relics

Temple of the Mother of God

Temple of the Mother of God is one of the three best ancient buildings of the Jin Ancestral Temple. It was founded in the Song Dynasty during the Tian Sheng period (1023-1032). The Virgin Mother is said to be the mother of Shou Yu, Yi Jiang. The Hall of the Mother of God, formerly known as the "Lady's Shrine", is a large and spacious hall, with 41 beautifully colored statues of maids of honor from the Song Dynasty and 2 additional statues from the Ming Dynasty. These colorful sculptures, Eup Jiang in the middle of the seat, solemn, elegant, cape, is a court ruler image. Statue image realistic, vivid modeling, different moods, is the study of the Song dynasty sculpture art and dress of precious information. [17]?

Wooden carving disk dragon

Jin Temple ancient construction of the second of the three best.

The carved wooden disk dragons are the earliest surviving carved pillars of disk dragons in China, carved in the second year of the Song Yuanyou era (1087). Each of the eight dragons hold a large column, angry eyes and claws, surrounded by wind from the clouds, a school of life, although nearly a thousand years, scales, armor and beard. [18]?

Fish swamp flying beam

Three of the three ancient construction of the Jin Temple.

Fish swamp flying beam built in the Song Dynasty, was a cross bridge shape, such as the roc wings, in the Temple of the Virgin Mary and the dedication of the Hall between the shape of elegant and generous, unique modeling. [19]?

Jinrendai

Jinrendai*** has four iron men, because iron is the genus of hardware, people call "Jinrendai". The southwest corner of the iron man, cast in the Northern Song Dynasty Shao Sheng four years (1097), preserved intact. It is said that the iron man could not stand the summer heat, walked to the Fen River to cross the river. Seeing a small boat, Iron Man asked the boatman to take him across the river, and the boatman revealed the true nature of Iron Man and carried him back to Jinrendai. The Virgin ordered her generals to slash the Iron Man's toes three times as a punishment for disobedience to the commandment, and the marks of the three slashes remain on the Golden Man's feet to this day. [20]?

Tang Pavilion

Tang Pavilion that is, "Zhenguan Bao Han" Pavilion, Jin Ancestral Temple of the inscription and the preface of the monument in the Jin Ancestral Temple Zhenguan Bao Han Pavilion. Pavilion display Tang Taizong Li Shimin handwritten monument engraving "Jin Ancestral Temple of the inscription and preface". The entire stele is more than 1,200 yu, and the calligraphy is in cursive and running script, with strange and subtle strokes, making it a treasure of the art of calligraphy. [17]?

Jellyfish building

In the difficult old spring pavilion above, there is a jellyfish building, commonly known as dresser building, alias crystal palace. Jellyfish inside the building like copper and gold, sitting on the urn, bundled hair is not yet finished, the demeanor. According to legend, the jellyfish surnamed Liu, living in Jinshi near the village of Jinsheng. However, she married by her mother-in-law was abused, daily to the far side to pick water. The water she picked back was only in the front bucket and the bottom of the bucket was made into a pointed bottom, making it impossible for the willow woman to rest. The horse rider gave her a gold wire whip and told her that when the whip was put in the urn and lifted, the water would fill up the urn. This secret was discovered by her sister-in-law, who lifted the whip from the urn while she was away at her mother's house, and suddenly the water gushed out and flooded the village. When she heard the news, she sat on the urn and made the water smaller to save the people, and the jellyfish never left the urn again. [The water was so strong that it was a great help to the people, and the jellyfish never left the urn again.]

Name Bongsheng Temple

Legend has it that this was once the villa of Yuchi Jingde, a great general of the Tang Dynasty. Feng Sheng Temple this, there is a tower of relics, the tower is 38 meters high, seven steps octagonal. In the vicinity of Feng Sheng Temple, there is a giant acacia. According to legend, the original acacia tree has a long history, has long been dry, I do not know how many years, to the Qing Dynasty Qianlong twenty-one years (1756) on the 21st day of the third lunar month, FengShengSi assembly. There is an old Taoist priest in the withered acacia under the sale of ointment. But no one bought his medicine. The old Taoist continued to hawk: "Such immortal medicine, come to buy no one, mortals are not blessed, the withered acacia is suitable for life." Said the paste on the dead acacia body long gone. Less than a month, the dead acacia back to life, people called the resurrection acacia. [17]?

Water Mirror Terrace

Water Mirror Terrace is the Ming and Qing Dynasties stage, the stage on the eastern part of the heavy eaves hermetic roof, the play used for the back curtain, the stage on the western part of the rolled roof hermetic roof, facing the Hall of the Virgin Mary, open on three sides. The stage is divided into two parts, from the architectural form, backstage for the Ming Dynasty construction; front stage is the Qing Dynasty complementary construction. The front stage twelve bright columns supporting the rolled roof. Backstage body corner columns, there are two sides of the corridor and the front stage into one. Set up between the front and back stage on the field door, separated by wooden boards, hanging on the "water mirror stage" plaque. The base of the platform is 1.3 meters above the ground, and the front line is arranged with sixty-centimeter-high stone watchtowers.

"Water and Mirror" two words, taken from the "Book of the Former Han Dynasty - Han Anguo biography" in the "clear water mirror can not be shaped to escape," the sentence, meaning that the loyalty and treachery is right and wrong, in the clear water mirror in the clear, revealing the original shape, so it is said that the "Water and Mirror ". [21]?

Yueyuefang

Yueyuefang in the Jinzi scenic area of the central axis of the Jinrendai West, built in the Wanli four years (1576), beautiful shape, magnificent structure. This plaque by the Ming Dynasty calligrapher Gao Yingyuan inscribed, two words for the list of gold characters, strong brushwork, like a swimming dragon. Legend has it that Gao Yingyuan's mother suffered from migraine headaches, a hundred doctors were ineffective, and then in front of Lvzu to seek a sign, the sign says "add bricks and mortar", Gao Yingyuan in the ancestral temple carefully observed, and found that the halls, chambers, buildings, pavilions, pavilions, platforms, bridges, but the lack of the pagoda, so they chose to build the west of the Jinrendai the pagoda, and personally write the plaque, which is hung in the center. Hanging in the center. The phrase "to the Yue" comes from the line "to the Yue in the sky" in the Poetry Scriptures - Song of Zhou - Qing Temple.



[21]?

Zhoubai Tanghuai

One of the three best things about the Jin Temple.

Zhoubai Tanghuai, both are representatives of the Jin Ancestral Temple thousand-year-old trees. Zhou cypress is a cypress planted in the Zhou Dynasty, lush and green, located in the north side of the Hall of the Holy Mother of God, originally there were two plants, called Qinian ancient cypress, now only this one left. Zhoubai Tanghuai tree trunk thick, need several people can close the circle. Tang acacia is the Tang Dynasty planted acacia trees, located in front of the Water Mirror Terrace, is the most luxuriant of the ancient trees in the Jin Temple. In the spring and summer seasons, the tree is green and shaded.

Sculpture of the Temple of the Virgin Mary

The second of the three best things about the Jin Temple. In the center of the shrine is the statue of "Yijiang", and there are more than 40 attendants on the left and right sides of the shrine. In the mother of Goddess of Mercy Hall of the surviving 43 painted statues, in addition to the mother of Goddess of Mercy on both sides of the statue of the small statue of the later additions, the rest of the early Song dynasty are the original plastic. In the middle of the hall within the mantle of the Madonna, head wearing a phoenix crown, face quiet benevolent, legs sitting on a wooden square seat, a hand on the chest, a hand on the legs, fingers hidden in the sleeve, wearing a python robe along the knees hanging down to the lower side of the seat, the whole shape of the statue appears stable and dignified. The attendants all had their own specialized duties, and their identities and personalities were none the same.

Difficult Old Spring

Three of the three best things about the Jin Temple.

Nan Lao Spring is commonly known as the "South China Sea eye", from the broken rock layer, the year-round gushing water, the Northern Qi Dynasty, according to the "Poetry Lu Song" in the "eternal tin difficult to old" sentence named "difficult to old spring". There is a pavilion on the spring, and on the pavilion hangs the three characters of "Difficult Old Spring" written by Fu Shan, a scholar of the Qing Dynasty. When Li Bai came here, he once praised: "The water of Jin Temple is like jasper". There are three sources of water in Jin, one is Shanli Spring, one is Yuzhu Spring and one is Nianlaosu Spring. Difficult old spring is the main spring in the three springs, the source of the Jin water flows from here, year after year.