Theme classification of logistics activities

1. Supply logistics: logistics activities that occur when raw materials, spare parts or other items are provided to downstream customers. The supply logistics of an enterprise is also the procurement logistics of its downstream enterprises. In modern logistics, the right to operate the physical flow of raw materials, spare parts or other items belongs to suppliers, so it is generally called supply logistics, not procurement logistics.

2. Production logistics: the logistics activities of raw materials, in-process products, semi-finished products and finished products in the production process of manufacturing enterprises.

3. Sales logistics: the logistics activities of production enterprises and circulation enterprises in the process of selling goods.

4. Reverse logistics: the logistics activities caused by the movement of goods from the downstream to the upstream of the supply chain, also known as reverse logistics.

5. Recycling logistics: the logistics activities caused by the return of goods, repaired items and reusable packaging containers from the buyer to the supplier.

6. Waste logistics: the logistics activities of collecting, classifying, processing, packaging, transporting, storing and distributing the goods that have lost their original use value in economic activities to special treatment places according to actual needs.

First of all, it is classified according to the category of logistics.

According to the category of logistics, it can be divided into social logistics and enterprise logistics.

1, social logistics belongs to the macro category, including equipment manufacturing, warehousing, distribution, decoration and packaging, transportation, information services, etc. , public logistics and third-party logistics run through it;

2. Enterprise logistics belongs to micro-logistics, including production logistics, sales logistics, supply logistics, recycling logistics and waste logistics.

Second, according to the field of action classification

According to the different fields of action, logistics can be divided into production logistics and circulation logistics.

1. Logistics in the production field runs through the whole production process. The whole process of production begins with the purchase of raw materials, which requires corresponding supply logistics activities, that is, purchasing materials needed for production; Between production processes, the logistics process that requires raw materials and semi-finished products is called production logistics.

2. Logistics in circulation mainly refers to sales logistics. In today's buyer's market conditions, sales logistics activities have a strong service, which can meet the needs of buyers and finally achieve sales. Under the premise of this market, sales often stop after delivery to users and after-sales service, so the characteristics of enterprise sales logistics are to realize sales through a series of logistics such as packaging, distribution and distribution.

Three, according to the historical development process of classification

According to the historical process of development, logistics is divided into traditional logistics, integrated logistics and modern logistics.

1. Traditional logistics mainly focuses on the management and delivery of warehousing and inventory, and sometimes it also focuses on warehousing and transportation to make up for the differences in time and space.

2. Integrated logistics not only provides transportation services, but also includes a lot of coordination work, which is the management of the whole supply chain, such as the management of some distributors such as land transportation and warehousing departments, and also includes order processing and procurement. Because supply chain management has invested a lot of energy, greater responsibility and more complicated management, which is different from traditional logistics.

3. Modern logistics is a process of effective flow and storage planning, realization and control management of raw materials, intermediate process inventory, final products and related information from the starting point to the end point in order to meet the needs of consumers. It emphasizes the process from the starting point to the end point, improves the standards and requirements of logistics, and is the development direction of logistics in various countries. Large international logistics companies believe that modern logistics has two important functions: it can manage the circulation quality of different goods; Develop information and communication systems, establish business contacts through the network, and obtain orders directly from customers.

Four, according to the main service classification

According to different service providers, logistics can be divided into agent logistics and internal logistics of production enterprises.

1. Agent logistics, also known as third-party logistics, refers to the operation mode that logistics services are completed by a third party other than the supply and demand sides of logistics services. The third party is an external service provider that provides some or all logistics functions for both parties to the logistics transaction.

2. Enterprise internal logistics refers to a production enterprise that enters the factory from raw materials, turns into parts through multiple processes, then assembles them into parts, and finally assembles them into finished products before leaving the factory. This kind of internal material flow is called enterprise internal logistics.