Understanding and Evaluation of China's Ancient Civilization Achievements

China's ancient science and technology used to be at the forefront of the world, and it was once called "the country of invention and discovery".

Commenting on the three great achievements of ancient civilization in China, Bacon said: "Printing, gunpowder and compass have changed the face and state of the whole world.".

In addition to the four great inventions, there are many best ones in the world, such as the Nine Chapters Arithmetic in the Eastern Han Dynasty, which adopted the most advanced decimal notation in the world at that time. This book was also the most advanced applied mathematics work in the world at that time.

For another example, China's ancient astronomical observation records are recognized as the oldest and most systematic in the world. Throughout China's ancient scientific and technological achievements, more attention is paid to the summary of practical experience, while ignoring the generalization and abstraction of theory. Therefore, China culture tends to emphasize practical technology and ignore abstract science.

China's outstanding achievements in practical learning in traditional knowledge such as agronomy, medicine, geosciences, astronomy and calendar reflect this feature.

Aristotle in the west studied nature through scientific investigation and created a strict logical argumentation system. At the same time, these scientific and technological achievements are closely related to agriculture and the harmony between man and nature. Developed applied mathematics, astrometry and its systematic agronomy are closely related to agricultural civilization, while developed traditional Chinese medicine and its research on traditional Chinese medicine also reflect the attitude of living in harmony with nature to a certain extent, which is in the same strain as the Confucian "harmony between man and nature".

The influence of China civilization lies in its direct or indirect influence on nomadic people in Mongolian Plateau (Central Asia). The drastic changes in the pattern of civilization in Eurasia are often due to the fact that China overthrew the first domino in the East.

In A.D. 1456, Goldenberg printed the Goldenberg Bible with movable type, which was the first movable type printing in Europe, 400 years later than the movable type printing history in China.

Movable type printing spread to more than a dozen other countries through Germany at the speed of sound, prompting the arrival of the Renaissance.

/kloc-in the 6th century, movable type printing spread to Africa, America and Moscow, and/kloc-in the 9th century, it spread to Russia and Australia.

From13rd century to19th century, movable type printing invented by Bi Sheng spread all over the world. People all over the world call Bi Sheng a great revolutionary in the history of printing.

References:

China Ancient Civilization-Baidu Encyclopedia