The Content and Characteristics of Zhu Neo-Confucianism

The content and characteristics of Zhu Neo-Confucianism are the theory of Qi, the view of motion and static, the dualism of understanding things and human nature.

1, theory of regulating qi

Zhu believes that reason is the origin of all things in the universe and the essence and law of things. Qi is the substance that constitutes things, and it is the attachment of reason. Reason and Qi are interdependent and interact, which constitutes everything. Reason comes first, that is, reason comes before qi, which is the basis for determining the generation and change of all things.

2. Dynamic and static views

Zhu believes that motion and stillness are internal contradictory movements of things. Motion is changing, and stillness is temporary. Dynamic and static interaction, mutual transformation, thus promoting the change and development of things. This dynamic and static view reveals the internal motive force and law of the development of things.

3. Learn things from others.

According to Zhu, poverty means exploring the truth and essence of things. Knowing knowledge is to acquire knowledge by learning things and improve one's level of understanding. Zhu emphasized the importance of understanding things, and thought that only through practice and inquiry can we truly understand the nature and laws of things.

4. Dualism of human nature

Zhu believes that human nature is divided into destiny and temperament. The nature of destiny refers to the nature of reason, which is absolute goodness. The nature of temperament is influenced by qi, which can be divided into good and evil. Therefore, Zhu advocated overcoming the evil of temperament and promoting the goodness of fate through cultivation and education.

Cognitive methods set the relevance of modern society.

1, the opposition between justice and human desire

Zhu believes that justice is a perfect and true law in the universe, and human desire is the opposite concept of justice. He advocates eliminating the interference of human desires through self-cultivation and moral practice in order to realize the perfect embodiment of heaven. This thought still has important enlightenment significance to modern society, reminding people to always pay attention to their own moral cultivation and pursue the realm of truth, goodness and beauty.

2. Cognitive methods to know things.

Zhu believes that people can explore the nature and laws of things by knowing them. This method emphasizes the importance of practice and inquiry, and guides people to think deeply and explore the world. In today's era of information explosion, this cognitive way helps people to better screen and identify the authenticity of information and cultivate critical thinking.

3. Contact with modern society

In modern society, Zhu's Neo-Confucianism still has important practical significance. For example, in enterprise management, Zhu's self-cultivation thought and moral practice are helpful to cultivate employees' professional ethics and values; In the field of education, the cognitive method of understanding things can guide students to carry out scientific inquiry and innovative thinking.

In addition, Zhu's thought about the opposition between justice and human desire can also guide modern people to pay attention to their own moral cultivation and spiritual pursuit.