The concrete expression of China's ancient music culture in different periods.

As early as the Qin and Han Dynasties, there was such a piece of material in the chronicle of bamboo books: "Shao Kang ascended the throne (around 20 15 BC), and all the guests in the world danced and danced." "Ancient Bamboo Record Library" also has "After the accession to the throne (summer), in the first year (around 65438 BC+0774 BC), guests of all ethnic groups were re-protected in the Wangmenchi, and all strangers entered the dance." History of the Road is the thirteenth work of the last century: "It is the beginning, all foreigners are guests, offering their music and dance." Giving music and dancing is a kind of cultural exchange.

In 623 BC, the State of Qin gave twenty-six female musicians to Xirong. Some ancient nationalities in the western regions also studied China music in the Central Plains court. After Zhang Sai went to the Western Regions twice in 139 and 1 19, the envoys on the Silk Road traveled again and again. The Silk Road is an important channel for cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries and a bridge of friendship. Since the opening of the Silk Road, the exchanges between the Central Plains and the Western Regions have become closer. Artists from the Western Regions came to the Central Plains through the Silk Road, bringing with them the culture of the Western Regions. Yuefu, founded in the Han Dynasty, aims to collect and sort out folk songs. Yuefu songs can be roughly divided into xuanhe songs. Advocacy music developed from the Han Dynasty, but it is not the traditional music of the Central Plains. "Advocating the unknown is also the beginning, Hanban Xiong Yi said, there is something in the wild." Banyi, who fled the war and went to the northern frontier, lived with ethnic minorities, "hunting in and out, advocating with flags, prospering the border." Drum music can be divided into advocacy and horizontal blowing, and horizontal blowing originated in the western regions. "Jin Yuezhi" said: "Hu Jiao was originally used for" horizontal blowing "with two horns, namely leaves. "In addition, Huzan and Hudi, which were loved by the Eastern Han Emperor, were all western musical instruments after textual research. At the end of the Han Dynasty, Cai Wenji was captured by Xiongnu in the mutiny, and she stayed in South Xiongnu and left as a concubine. Around 208, she was redeemed by Cao Cao. " "Eighteen Beats of Hu Jia", it is said that she turned Hu Jia's timbre into guqin, and created new music combining the characteristics of Hu Jia and guqin.

Emperor Han Ming dreamed of the Golden Buddha at night and welcomed the Buddha into the Central Plains, which also promoted deeper cultural exchanges. This kind of Buddhist music originated in India, but when it spread from the western regions to the East, it was influenced by local dances along the way. Some Buddhist songs were music from Xinjiang and Central Asia. Buddhist music is generally heard in temples, mainly chanting, supplemented by music, also known as chanting. Music is mixed with China folk music, so Chinese Buddhist music has both China national tones and Indian or Western minority tones.

Wei, Jin, Sui and Tang Dynasties, Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties were turbulent times. Due to the migration of various ethnic groups and frequent cultural exchanges, China music is undergoing tremendous development and changes. With the northern minorities, such as Xianbei, Xiongnu and Qiang, entering the Yellow River valley, the music of the western regions spread eastward to the Central Plains with a stronger momentum. At the same time, a large number of northerners moved southward, and the north collided with the south and the east collided with the west, which laid the foundation for the great prosperity of culture and music in Sui and Tang Dynasties. "From Xuanwu, I began to love Hu Sheng". "Zaqu includes western cool dance, Le Qing, Qiuci and so on. But since Wen Xiang, I like to play the flute, the pipa, the five strings, singing and dancing. After Heqing, it was especially popular. The late Lord only rewarded Hu, but he didn't love him. " Wen Xiang was the great-grandfather of Wen Xuandi in the early years of Northern Qi Dynasty, and Heqing was the title of Wu Chengdi, which Heqing refers to. In the process of success in literature, propaganda and military affairs, western music, represented by Qiuci music, has spread and developed from "everyone loves" to "spreading" and then "indulging in love". Buddhist temples are also a channel for the cultural exchange of music and dance between the Central Plains and the Western Regions. "Shu Wei Shi Lao Zhi" said: "Today's monk temples are everywhere. Sanskrit sings butchery, even the eaves ring. " Today, in the murals of Qizil Grottoes in Baicheng, Xinjiang, there are still vivid images of the exchange and integration of Chinese and foreign music and dance during the Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties.

The Tang Dynasty can be said to be a period of great cultural prosperity in the history of China. Tang's national strength is strong, ranking first in the world. Chang 'an is an international cultural center with stable society and rapid economic development. At that time, the people inherited and carried forward the cultural traditions of the Northern and Southern Dynasties, and the scope of exchanges between ethnic groups was broader and international exchanges were increasingly extensive. It was a glorious era. On the basis of the fine traditions of past dynasties, music culture has also integrated the musical essence of ethnic minorities and other countries, absorbed the strengths of many families and developed to an unprecedented historical height. Music reached its peak from the Tang Dynasty to Xuanzong. Jiao Fang, Liyuan, Propaganda Department and Taylor Department are all places to train musicians. A large number of foreign music and dances were absorbed and adapted in the Tang Dynasty, such as Su He's Sword and Huntuo, which were the new development and improvement of foreign music and dances in China. In the foreign exchange of the Tang Dynasty, we have to mention the Japanese envoy to the Tang Dynasty. During the Tang Dynasty, the Japanese sent many envoys to China to learn advanced culture and technology. As a spiritual art form, "Tang Le" was introduced into Japan with the extensive exchanges between China and Japan. The Japanese royal family used China's music system for reference and established the Japanese elegant music system. China music is booming in Japan.

During the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, the exchange of music and culture between China and foreign countries was not as active as that in Sui and Tang Dynasties, but it did not stop. For example, at the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, China sent musicians to North Korea. In addition, with the introduction of Islam into Arabic and Persian music in Xinjiang, it has a great influence on Xinjiang music in the future. In the Yuan Dynasty, new musical instruments were introduced from Xinjiang to the mainland, such as "Don't think about fire", "72-stringed Qin" and "Xinglong Sheng".

During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, capitalism sprouted, folk artists' music and opera activities flourished, the urban population increased, and various local operas were introduced into big cities, and they exchanged and absorbed with each other, resulting in comprehensive operas including Beijing Opera and Han Opera. Drama has great absorption and melting power to local music and dance.

The entry of missionaries brought western music civilization, and many missionaries were excellent instrument players. Among the European musical instruments introduced to China, keyboard stringed instruments have aroused considerable interest. For the introduction of western music theory, the most important thing is Xu Risheng's "Lu Lu Chuan Yao" for Emperor Kangxi.

After the Opium War, western music began to be imported in large quantities, and its content was mainly religious music. The introduction of western music is reflected in a large number of "school songs" in new schools. The melody of the school song mainly comes from Europe and America, and the lyrics will be repeatedly written by different people. The basic knowledge of western music was introduced to the people of China, which had a far-reaching impact on the spread of modern music art.