Detailed process of marine export

Export process: export process is an orderly combination of a series of activities carried out by foreign trade exporters in export work. It includes quotation, ordering, payment, packaging, customs clearance, preparation and shipment. The export process by sea is about the shipping of goods.

Methods/steps

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1. Confirm the delivery time with the factory.

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2. Booking space by chartering (different formats, mainly including port of departure, port of destination, container specification and quantity, name of goods, number of packages, gross weight and volume, trade terms, prepaid or collect), whether transshipment is possible. The document used is a consignment note, commonly known as a "bill of lading", which is filled out by the shipper according to the terms of the trade contract and the letter of credit, and the goods are consigned to the carrier or its agent. The carrier shall accept the consignment according to the contents of the waybill and taking into account the ship's route, port of call, shipping schedule and shipping space.

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3. After the ship agrees to carry the goods, it will feed back the stowage receipt (issued by the shipping company or the shipping agent), and the freight forwarder will give the stowage receipt to the motorcade, and the motorcade will take the equipment delivery receipt at the arrival site and pick up the container (not all cars can carry the container because it involves the deposit of the container).

After booking the shipping space, the freight forwarder will confirm the shipping date and arrange the production and loading. At the same time, some commodities need to be inspected by commodity inspection, and the inspectors of commodity inspection need to be contacted for inspection. The documents submitted include (contract invoice, packing list, declaration of conformity, inspection report) that the goods meet the requirements in exchange for the replacement list or certificate of the outbound goods. After receiving the receipt, fax it to the freight forwarder and exchange it for the customs clearance form of outbound goods at the port inspection and quarantine bureau without paying the inspection fee. The port commodity inspection bureau will print out the customs clearance form for outbound goods according to the information in the computer as an attachment to the customs declaration. The costs incurred are replacement costs, usually in 50 yuan. (Note: The difference between reissued receipts and reissued vouchers: A, it is enough to reissue the receipts by fax, and the vouchers should be original; B, you need to send the goods for inspection every time, and you can send the certificate for inspection at one time, that is to say, the goods delivered by the same consignee in batches can use the certificate to avoid repeated inspection and payment. Beijing agent's inspection fee every time in 200 yuan).

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4. Send the contract invoice box, verification form and customs declaration power of attorney to the freight forwarder and fax the receipt. The verification form shall be collected by the enterprise at the State Administration of Foreign Exchange in advance.

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5. The freight forwarder will issue container transit documents (if it is a designated freight forwarder, let the designated freight forwarder send container transit documents to Tianjin to arrange production and loading). After the container transhipment form is sent to Tianjin freight forwarder, the freight forwarder gives it to the motorcade, and the motorcade picks up the container at the storage yard designated by the container transhipment form boarding company. After the container is put forward, it will be produced and loaded at the place where the goods are located, and the factory will arrange packing. After installation, record the container number and seal number, and make records, such as some. The motorcade transports the goods to the designated customs supervision warehouse.

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6. Next is the shipping bill: the shipping bill is a document that the shipping company accepts the shipper's application for shipment and orders the captain to ship. Bill of lading can be used not only as the basis for shipment, but also as one of the main documents for the owner to declare the export goods to the customs, so it is also called "customs clearance form". For the shipper, the bill of lading is the proof that the goods have been properly consigned. For the shipping company or its agent, the bill of lading is a mandatory document informing the ship to accept the shipment of this batch of goods. Before the ship moves, containers are piled up at the landing point or warehouse. When the ship moves, the fleet takes containers from the yard designated by the shipping company, because the anchorage is different and the port gathering place is different. Generally, it can be stored free of charge seven days before sailing, and it will be charged if it takes too long. Generally speaking, the time for ships to assemble at the port is 2 to 3 days before sailing. When the container arrives at the port, the yard will issue a receipt certificate, that is, the dock receipt. However, according to the current practice, the fourth bill of lading and the dock receipt are also one of the documents for customs declaration. (Remarks: As the main items of the above-mentioned consignment note, loading list and receipt are basically the same, the practice of some major ports in China is to combine the consignment note, loading list, receipt list and freight notice to make a document of up to 9 copies. The function of each copy is as follows: the first copy is kept by the booking person and used to prepare the shipping documents. Two, the third is the freight notice, one copy is retained, and the other copy is collected with the one-way shipper. The fourth bill of lading can only be collected and loaded by the ship after it has been stamped with the release stamp by the customs. The fifth and sixth copies of the receipt shall be kept by the flight attendants. The seventh and eighth couplets are stowage receipts. The ninth contact is an application for paying port charges for exported goods. After the goods are loaded, the port area will charge the shipper the corresponding port miscellaneous fees. )

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7. After the goods arrive in Hong Kong, the forwarder will give feedback to confirm the information of the bill of lading (the bill of lading number has been issued). If the goods arrive in the United States or Canada, AMS (US$ 25) will be sent back and the relevant contents will be carefully checked to ensure consistency.

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8. Submit relevant documents to the customs broker for customs declaration (the declaration period for export goods is 24 hours after the goods arrive at the customs supervision area and before loading). Documents required for customs declaration (contract, invoice, packing list, customs declaration form, power of attorney for customs declaration, verification form, loading list. Only for goods without special requirements). Go through the formalities of customs declaration, submit the relevant documents for customs declaration, and the port customs stamp the release stamp on the loading list and the write-off stamp on the verification form (there is only one stamp on the verification form returned each time, and the rest are blank). The goods can only be shipped after the customs officers have passed the inspection and released them. If special products are subject to export tax, they can only be delivered after paying customs duties. The container yard in the port shall sign for the release of the goods, and issue the customs declaration form with the number of the export verification form, and handle the export tax refund.

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9. Before loading, the tallyman collects the loading list and receiving list of the goods released by the customs on behalf of the ship, and after sorting, receives the goods according to the stowage plan and manifest and loads them in batches. In the process of loading, the freight forwarder entrusted by the shipper should send someone to supervise the loading at the scene, keep abreast of the loading progress and deal with temporary problems. After loading, the tally leader should sign the receipt with the first mate on board and give it to the shipper. If the tallyman finds a batch of defective or poorly packed goods, he will annotate the receipt and sign it by the first mate to determine the responsibilities of both the ship and the goods. However, as the shipper, we should try not to annotate the receipt to get a clean bill of lading. Clear and release.

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10, after the completion of loading, the shipper can exchange the on-board bill of lading with the shipping company or its agent by sending the shipping notice to the consignee. (About master bill of lading and small bill of lading: the master bill of lading is issued by the shipping company and can be picked up directly at the agency of the shipping company at the destination port. Individual orders (small orders), internal bills of lading, freight forwarders can issue. When picking up the goods, they have to change the order at the destination port and change the shipping company to pick up the goods. Because the delivery of small bills of lading will result in the bill replacement fee, if you can't deliver the goods directly by home delivery, you can only pick up the goods by replacing them with the main bill of lading of the shipping company, so the general importers are reluctant to accept small bills of lading, especially without their own designated freight forwarders. In the bill of lading, if the carrier is a shipping company, it is the main bill, and if it is a freight forwarder, it is a separate bill. HBL is an agent bill of lading, and MBL is a house bill of lading (freight forwarding bill of lading): it is not a document of title, and it can only be picked up by the owner's bill of lading instead. Master bill of lading: it is a document of title, which can be delivered directly). Most of the whole case is the main order, and there are also small orders, because it costs 50 yuan (expensive abroad) to change the order, and some freight forwarders will take advantage of this loophole, but the whole case is small orders, and the main order cannot be obtained. Customers have to change the small bill into the main bill and then change it into the bill of lading at the destination port before they can pick up the goods. At the same time, use the bill of lading for customs declaration. Electric unloading means that customers can pick up the goods by fax instead of the original bill of lading. Convenient, fast and economical. But sometimes because the ship has no office at the port of departure, it can only issue a small bill instead of a main bill. We have encountered this situation once, and we asked the freight forwarder to issue a list of expenses.

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Arrange payment after receiving the invoice from the freight forwarder, and send the bill of lading after receiving the payment. Of course, the main bill or small bill is better, and it can be sent back after the bill of lading is issued. The bill of lading is usually 3 to 4 days after sailing, and it should be confirmed after sailing. If a customer asks for discharge, it should be explained in advance, because once the original is issued, discharge is also very troublesome, and it is necessary to return the original with a letter of guarantee. There is also the cost of discharge, which is generally around 120. The unloader must also issue a discharge guarantee. It is recommended to use electrostatic discharge, mainly to save money, because if these documents are sent abroad, DHL is generally used, and even if they go to the United States, it will cost 208 yuan, including 30% fuel surcharge. This price is a discount, and the normal price is much higher. But if there is an insurance policy, there is no way for the certificate of origin.

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12, after receiving the bill of lading, send three originals and two copies of the bill of lading to the customer together with the packing details of the invoice box list, product declaration and packing declaration, and some even need C/O. When applying, you should bring the invoice and box list with you, and a copy of 35 yuan. DHL is generally used. If it is an electric amplifier, it is not necessary. Everything can be faxed except the bill of lading.

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13, after the ship leaves for about one and a half months, contact the freight forwarder to ask for a refund, and it can be delivered within this time. However, due to expenses and other related matters, the freight forwarder will not release the verification form immediately, and take the verification form as the last chip for the freight forwarder to grasp. Because there is only the customs inspection stamp on the verification form, there is no other record. After receiving the verification form, submit it together with the contract invoice box, customs declaration form and shipping documents to the finance department for verification of foreign exchange receipt. Note that air cargo and LCL cargo generally have no loading list.

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14, the finance department took the above information to the State Administration of Foreign Exchange for verification, and contacted the State Administration of Taxation for export tax refund with the export tax refund. Products with different tax refund rates are different. However, they are all being lowered at present. I saw it on Changfeng. Com, I hope I can help you.