What are the characteristics of Dai architectural style?

Dai architecture is influenced by natural environment such as climate, altitude, topography and building materials, and social environment such as population, economy, religion, politics, science and technology and ideology. It mainly includes elegant and dexterous dry-fence architecture represented by Dai folk houses in Xishuangbanna, thick and sturdy flat-topped earth palm houses represented by Dai folk houses in Yuanjiang and Honghe, and elegant and rich Buddhist temple architecture.

Dai architecture is generally divided into civil architecture and Buddhist temple architecture. Dai architects conform to nature, blend in with nature, conform to nature and express nature. This is the place where the ancient gardens in China embody the national culture of "harmony between man and nature", which is the biggest feature of being independent from the forest of the world and the fundamental reason for the eternal vitality of art. As a unique architectural form, Dai architecture also has its unique artistic vitality.

Dai people have lived for generations, and the beautiful roof is legendary as "Zhuge Liang's hat". Dai bamboo houses are dam-shaped. Because of the hot and humid weather, most bamboo houses are surrounded by mountains and waters. Outside the village, banyan trees cover the sky and the air roots hang low; There are rows of bamboo buildings in the village, surrounded by bamboo fences and shaded by trees; Manwell field Village and Ganlan Dam in Jinghong County are the standard types of Dai bamboo buildings in the dam area.

Folk bamboo houses are divided into official bamboo houses and ordinary bamboo houses according to social class. The official bamboo building is tall, spacious and square, with a triangular pyramid roof covered with sawdust. The whole bamboo building is supported by 20 to 24 thick wooden columns, which are built on stone piers, and the beams in the house pass through the columns, so the structure is simple. Folk bamboo houses are the same as official bamboo houses, but they are smaller and the roofs are covered with thatch. Wooden columns are not allowed to use stone pier column feet, nor are they allowed to use beams and columns. There are no carved patterns. Zhulou is a two-story house, about two meters high, and goes up the stairs. There are cloisters on three sides of the second floor, and there is a spacious platform called "Exhibition" at the end of the corridor. It is an extension of indoor space to outdoor space. Its main functions are bathing, hanging clothes and placing potted flowers. It is also a good place to watch. The form of "exhibition" makes the Dai bamboo building more malleable. The stretched roof is a particularly striking place of Dai bamboo buildings, which is beneficial to drainage and shading.

Daijia Bamboo House is a balustrade building with beautiful appearance, like a big tent on a high column. Bamboo house is made of all kinds of bamboo (or wood), which is extremely strong. The building is surrounded by wooden boards or bamboo fences, and the hall is divided into two halves with wooden boards, with the bedroom inside and the living room outside. There is no fence on the lower floor of the building, which is used for stacking sundries or raising animals. Bamboo architecture has the characteristics of warm in winter and cool in summer, moisture-proof, waterproof and shockproof. The building is several meters from the ground, so the indoor moisture is not easy to rise and the water will not flood the building. The bamboo building is square, ventilated on all sides, warm in winter and cool in summer. Dai people like to plant anchovies, betel nuts, mangoes and bananas around bamboo houses, which makes the village full of poetry and painting.