What are the Four Immeasurable Minds, the Five Precepts, and the Ten Goodnesses?

What are the Four Immeasurable Minds, the Five Precepts and the Ten Goodnesses?

The Four Immeasurable Minds: Compassion, joy, and surrender; Sanskrit Caturapramā?ā? They are the four minds of compassion (Maitrī), sadness (Karu?ā), joy (Muditā), and surrender (Upek?ā), or the four meditational views of compassion, sadness, joy, and surrender, which are developed for the sake of making the infinite sentient beings free from suffering and happy. It is also known as the Four Immeasurables, the Four Equal Minds, the Four Equals, the Four Brahma Dwellings, the Four Brahmanas, and the Immeasurable Minds of Liberation.

The Five Precepts: killing, stealing, lusting, deluding, and drinking; are five precepts or codes of conduct. The Five Precepts in Chinese Mahayana Buddhism are: one, not to kill, two, not to steal, three, not to commit adultery, four, not to speak delusionally, and five, not to drink alcohol. The Five Precepts are the basic precepts for all disciples of Buddhism, regardless of whether they are Buddhist or not.

Songtsen Gampo period, the minister Tunmi Sangbuzha initially translated several Buddhist scriptures, one of which is called the "Ten Good Sutras", mainly explains the Buddhist "Ten Precepts" (or "Ten Good Laws")." The Ten Precepts include the "Three Body Precepts," i.e., do not kill, do not steal, and do not commit adultery; the "Four Mouth Precepts," i.e., do not use two tongues, do not use bad language, do not speak falsely, and do not use colorful language; and the "Three Mind Precepts," i.e., do not be greedy, do not be angry, and do not be obsessive. The body, mouth, and mind represent behavior, speech, and thought." The Ten Precepts are derived from the Ten Commandments. The Ten Precepts are derived from the Five Precepts, but have a different emphasis than the Five Precepts. The Five Precepts focus on stopping evil, while the Ten Precepts focus on doing good. The "Ten Goodnesses" derived from the Ten Precepts are: to be free from greed by impurity, to be free from anger by compassion, to be free from stupidity by karma, to be free from delusion by honesty, to be free from double-tongue by harmony, to be free from bad language by love, to be free from colorful language by straightforwardness, to be free from killing by saving life, to be free from stealing by almsgiving, and to be free from adultery by purity." The Five Precepts and Ten Goodnesses is a set of principles that are different from the Five Precepts, but different in emphasis from the Ten Precepts. The Five Precepts and Ten Virtues are the foundation of Buddhist ethics. From the Buddhist point of view, observing the Five Precepts and Ten Goodnesses ensures that you will be reborn in a good place in heaven and avoid falling into the Three Paths, and that even if you cannot be liberated in this life, you can continue to practice them in the next life.