Chinese medicine pulse is how to measure the disease

Cutting the pulse to diagnose diseases has a long history. Sima Qian in the "Records of the Grand Historian" recorded the contents of the medical practitioner to diagnose and treat the disease, and in 1973 in Changsha, Hunan Province, Mawangdui Han (Western Han Dynasty) tombs unearthed in a simple silk medical books, there has been a "pulse method" of the content. China's first pulse study monograph - "Pulse Classic" was produced in the Jin Dynasty, in which the methods and theories of pulse diagnosis have been quite complete. Early pulse cutting method is more complex, to cut and press the head and neck, hands, feet and other parts of the pulse. Later gradually simplified to only cut and press the wrist pulse, called "inch mouth" diagnosis. In this short inch-long pulsating parts, the ancient medical practitioners did enough articles. They will be about an inch long up the transverse stripe of the wrist, this pulse is divided into three "inch, Guan, feet" three. Left and right hand inch, off, feet parts belong to different organs, that can reflect the corresponding viscera lesions. The right inch reflects the lungs, the right off to reflect the spleen and stomach, the right ruler to reflect the kidney (life); left inch reflects the heart, the left off to reflect the liver, the left ruler to reflect the kidney and bladder. Upon closer inspection, we can see that the distal inch corresponds to the upper part of the body, the Heart and Lungs (the Upper Jiao, the respiratory and circulatory system); the middle Guan corresponds to the Liver, the Spleen and Stomach (the Middle Jiao, the digestive system); and the proximal Ruler corresponds to the Kidneys and the Bladder (the Lower Jiao, the genito-urinary system). In this way, the small "inches of mouth", but just like a holographic window on the body's five viscera and six bowels. This is not enough, in the cutting of the pulse, but also with three different finger pressure to press the pulse, gently pressed on the skin for the "floating to take"; medium force to the muscle for the "middle to take"; heavy force to the sinews for the "sinking to take "The three parts of the body, namely, Cun, Guan, and Zu, are the three parts of the body. Inch, Guan, feet, each of the three parts of the floating, medium, sinking three candidates, collectively known as the "three parts of the nine candidates". The clinical significance of the pulse taken by different techniques is different. Usually, if the pulse floats outside, the disease is shallow, and if it sinks inside, the disease is deep. There are also many other things to consider when cutting the pulse. First of all, the requirements of quiet, including the quiet of the external environment and the doctor and the patient both quiet mind. The patient should rest for a moment before diagnosing the pulse, to be quiet before diagnosing the pulse. Doctors must be quiet before cutting the pulse, adjust the breathing, and will be completely focused on the finger, carefully cut and press for more than a minute. When checking the pulse, the patient takes a sitting position or supine position, the arm and the heart remain at the same level, the wrist is stretched and the palm is up. Secondly, when cutting presses the doctor with three designated position, that is, first in the middle of the designated good off part, and then according to the height of the patient to adjust the three fingers of the sparse and dense. If the patient is tall, the cloth finger should be sparse; short people, the cloth finger should be dense, the child is a finger (thumb) pulse diagnosis, not divided into three parts. To learn pulse diagnosis, you must first understand the normal pulse. Normal pulse is called "flat pulse", "normal pulse". It beats about 70 80 times per minute, with a regular rhythm, and the pulse is not thick or thin, not floating or sinking, and not rigid or weak. However, the normal pulse often varies with the season, age, gender, and physical condition. For example, in spring, summer and fall, the pulse is mostly floating and strong; in winter, the pulse is more subdued in the interior. The younger the age, the faster the pulse, the stronger the pulse of young adults, the weaker the pulse of the elderly; the pulse of tall people is long, the pulse of short people is shorter, the pulse of thin people is floating, the pulse of fat people is fast and strong after eating and when they are emotionally excited, and the pulse of hungry people is soft and weak. If you find the opposite pulse, such as floating pulse in winter, floating pulse in fat people, sinking pulse in thin people, etc., it suggests that the pulse is abnormal. Below are some common abnormal pulse signs. Floating pulse is a kind of pulse that is superficial at the site of pulsation, which can be obtained by gently taking it, but becomes weaker by heavily pressing it. Generally, it indicates that the disease is on the surface. If the pulse is floating and strong, it is solid, and if it is floating and weak, it is weak.

Sinking pulse is a kind of pulse that is deeper in the area where the pulsation is manifested, which cannot be obtained by lightly taking it, but can be seen when it is heavily pressed. It is usually the main evidence of the inner, sunken and strong for the inner solid evidence, sunken and weak for the inner deficiency. Late pulse is a slow pulse, below 60 beats per minute. It is often associated with cold syndromes, as cold slows down blood flow. Late and strong pulse is cold accumulation evidence, and late and weak pulse is Yang deficiency evidence. Counting pulse: The pulse comes in fast, more than 90 times per minute, and goes in a hurry. It is often characterized by heat, which accelerates blood flow, and is characterized by solid heat if it is strong and weak if it is weak and weak. Fine pulse, also known as small pulse, is like a thin line, weak and less forceful, but the finger should still be obvious. It is a sign of dampness and deficiency. It is caused by dampness blocking the vein channel or qi and blood deficiency that cannot fill the vein channel. Flood Pulse: The pulse is broad, full and powerful, coming and going, like a flood. It is mostly used in solid cases of excessive heat and evil. String Pulse: Straight pulse, like pressing a string. It is commonly seen in patients with liver and gallbladder diseases, phlegm-drinking syndromes, and pain syndromes. Slippery Pulse: The pulse is flowing (slippery), like a disk walking on a pearl. It is the pulse sign of solid heat syndrome, phlegm-beverage syndrome, injured food syndrome, or pregnancy. Astringent Pulse: The pulse is hard and astringent, like a light knife scraping bamboo. It is a sign of Qi stagnation, Blood stasis, or deficiency of Essence and Blood. Deficiency Pulse is a generalized term for all weak pulses, as all three pulses are weak when lifted and pressed, and are vaguely wriggling under the fingers. It is a sign of deficiency, mainly for Qi deficiency or Qi/Blood deficiency. Solid pulse is a general term for all powerful pulses, in which all three pulses are strong when lifted and pressed, and the pulse comes to be full and solid. It is a sign of solid evidence, suggesting that the evil qi is solid but the positive qi is not deficient. Promoting Pulse, Knotting Pulse and Generating Pulse are all pulses with abnormal and intermittent rhythms. Promoting pulse is a rapid pulse with irregular intervals, promoting and powerful for the evidence of hyperthermia, promoting and powerless for most of the signs of qi deficiency will be off; knot pulse is a slow pulse with irregular intervals, yin, qi knot, cold, phlegm, stasis of blood and other diseases; generation pulse is a slow and regular intervals, the intervals are longer. It is evidence of the weakening of vital energy or stagnation of qi and blood stasis. There are many other pulse signs, the above is the most important kinds of pulse signs. Chinese medicine clinical treatment, in addition to looking, smelling, asking for diagnosis, pulse cutting is also very important. Sun Simiao, a famous doctor in the Tang Dynasty, said, "The pulse, the doctor's career, not to explore its way, how to be a doctor?" When identifying evidence, the pulse often plays a decisive role. Such as the recent treatment of a frequently recurring diarrhea for many years of elderly patients, visit the stool 5 6 times a day, watery diarrhea, stool odor is not very, no pus and blood, can not eat any food containing crude fiber, only a small amount of rice or rotten noodles daily, otherwise diarrhea more often. The tongue is reddish, and the moss is white and greasy. From the above symptoms, there seems to be no heat. However, the patient's pulse is very countless (124 times per minute, with a history of coronary heart disease, frequent palpitations, chest tightness and other symptoms). The diagnosis was that the patient had a long course of disease, and his spleen qi was already weak, but there was the evil of fire and heat, and when the fire pressed down on the large intestine, there was diarrhea, and when it disturbed the heart, there was palpitation. Therefore, we used the qi tonifying Codonopsis and other combinations of heat-clearing and fire-clearing Rhizoma Coptidis (not only can diarrhea fire in the large intestine, but also clear the fire in the heart, killing two birds with one stone), seven doses of follow-up, stools were reduced to 12 times a day, palpitations were improved, and the heart rate was slowed down. Of course, the etiology of the disease and pathological changes are very complex, so the clinical pulse is often very complex, often two or more kinds of pulse and see, such as pulse floating, sinking late, slippery and so on. There are also pulse and evidence in line with the problem of inconsistency, inconsistency, it is necessary to decide whether to give up the symptom from the pulse, or to give up the pulse from the symptom and so on. In addition, theoretically it is not difficult to talk about pulse diagnosis, but in practice to determine what pulse, explain and analyze the relationship between pulse and disease is not a day's work. The ancients said: "pulse theory is subtle, not words can be exhausted, the heart is clear, the finger is difficult to understand." Not after years of repeated practice, careful experience, not with the heart to understand, to compare, it is impossible to truly grasp the pulse diagnosis