Ask the origin of China's top ten classical songs.

Chinese ancient rhyme, ten famous songs. The top ten ancient famous songs are Mountain Flowing Water, Guangling San, Wild Goose in Pingsha, Three Lane of Plum Blossoms, House of Flying Daggers, Flute and Drum in Sunset, Questions and Answers of Fisherman, Eighteen Beats of Noisy, Autumn Moon in Han Palace and Chun Xue. According to experts' research, most of the original scores of these ancient famous songs have been lost, and many music books circulating today are fraudulent works by later generations. These pieces of music have been dubbed as the top ten ancient music names by musicians of all ages, with historical allusions as the side lining, borrowing from the past of the ancients to make a strong momentum.

First, the friendship that is infinitely exaggerated by goodwill-mountains and rivers

As early as the 4th century BC, during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Lieyukou of Zheng recorded in Liezi Tang Wen that he was good at drumming and listening. Boya played the drums and the piano, aiming to climb the mountain. Zhong Ziqi said,' Well, I am as tall as Mount Tai.' Determined to run water, Zhong Ziqi said, "It's good, it's like a river. ' ……"

Therefore, the most direct reason for the spread of this fable is the mutual understanding between Boya and Zhong Ziqi. When the bosom friend left, Boya resolutely broke his string and lost his voice. The phrase "few confidants, who will listen when the string is broken" in Yue Fei's Xiao Zhongshan is an accurate portrayal of Boya's mood at that time. Boya's unique piano and ambition, on the one hand, as a memorial to his dead friends, on the other hand, as his unique knowledge, can no longer be understood by anyone in the world, showing deep anguish and helplessness. I think Boya must also be an arrogant and outstanding person. His music rises and falls, so it is naturally difficult for ordinary people to understand the subtlety of his music. This is why Boya feels lonely and feels that it is hard to find a bosom friend.

The reason why Mountain Flowing Water can be recorded and reprinted by various ancient books in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period is inseparable from the background of "scholar culture" at that time. In the pre-Qin era, a hundred schools of thought contended and talented people came forth in large numbers. Many scholars have a weak sense of country and are disloyal to their vassal countries. These talented people often move between countries, and they all want to know each other. They hope to meet princes and princes who know themselves like bosom friends to show what they have learned. This has been the dream of almost all scholars for thousands of years. However, only a few people can achieve this goal. More and more people have lost their talents all their lives. Some people are invisible in the market, while others are always in the mountains. It can be seen that the reason why Mountain Flowing Water was widely circulated in the pre-Qin period was because the moral behind the story was the beauty of life meeting and the regret of life failure. Therefore, it is reasonable to cause countless people to sing for thousands of years.

Therefore, friendship is secondary. Therefore, this article calls "mountains and rivers" friendship that has been infinitely exaggerated by goodwill for thousands of years. Music and friendship that can arouse people's infinite yearning may not be the original taste of the story.

Second, the noble meaning of assassins and the unique voice of celebrities-Guangling San

Guangling San, also known as Guangling Stop, is a kind of guqin music with a relatively passionate tune. According to Liu Dongsheng's A Brief History of China Music, Guangling San was produced in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. It is said that the famous song Guangling San originated from Nie Zheng's stabbing to death of Han Xiang, and Ji Kang was punished by the Great King. Therefore, the ancient Song Guangling San actually contains two allusions, Nie Zheng and Ji Kang.

All the sections of Guangling San are in the well (Nie Zheng's hometown), taking Korea, dying, bearing ambition, being a martyr, sinking fame, throwing swords, making solemn marks, and traveling slightly, which is roughly consistent with the whole process of Nie Zheng's assassination of Korea.

According to Biography of Assassins, the eighty-sixth volume of Historical Records, Nie Zheng was a famous warrior of Qi during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. At that time, North Korean minister Yan Suiling (word neutron) and Han Xiang Han Jing (word Xia Lei) had feuds. Yan Zhongzi spent a lot of money trying to bribe Nie Zheng to assassinate Xia Lei. Nie Zheng was originally a "dog-beater" in the market. Because he had to support his mother, he refused Yan Zhongzi's gift. Later, Nie Zheng's mother died. After burying his mother, Nie Zheng told Yan Zhongzi that he was an ordinary person. As a "vassal", Yan Zhongzi drove thousands of miles and invited him with a lot of money. The courtesy, Nie Zheng naturally want to return, so he "will be a bosom friend", to repay YanZhongZi. Yan Zhongzi said that his enemy was Han. He always wanted to invite an assassin to kill Xia Lei. However, Xia Lei is the uncle of the North Korean monarch, with numerous clans around him and tight defense, so it is not easy to succeed. Nie Zheng immediately agreed to Yan Zhongzi's request.

Nie Zheng went to the Korean capital alone. After arriving in Yidu, Han was exhausted in the house. Although Xia Lei was protected by a large number of guards, Nie Zheng assassinated Xia Lei like a bag. In historical records, only short language is used to describe the thrilling assassination scene. "Straight into it, the upper layer assassinated Xia Lei, and there was chaos." Nie Zheng shouted and killed dozens of people. Nie Zheng finally pointed his sword at himself, cut his face, gouged out his eyes and had a laparotomy. The purpose of Nie Zheng's doing this is to prevent anyone from recognizing himself and bringing trouble to Yan Zhongzi. No one knew Nie Zheng after he was found dead in the city. The North Korean monarch offered a reward 100 gold to provide clues.

Later, Nie Zheng's sister Nie Rong heard that an assassin had assassinated Han Xiang and was found dead in the street. She suspected that it was her brother Nie Zhenggan, so Nie Rong immediately set off for South Korea to find out the truth. When Nie Rong arrived at the violent corpse site in Nie Zheng, he recognized his brother and began to cry. Nie Rong said to the onlookers, "This is my brother Nie Zheng. He was entrusted by Yan Zhongzi to assassinate Xia Lei. I broke my face to avoid implicating me. I cannot implicate Nie Zheng's reputation. " Then Nie Rong died of grief. According to Suoyin's annotation on Historical Records, Nie Rong obviously misunderstood Nie Zheng's intention. The purpose of Nie Zheng's doing this is to protect Yan Zhongzi, while Nie Rong thinks it is to avoid bringing trouble to himself. But the main purpose of Nie Rong's doing this is to "list names" so as to prevent Nie Zheng from becoming an unknown assassin.

Nie Zheng's assassination of Xia Lei should have been a very influential political event at that time. When people in Jin, Chu, Qi, Wei and other countries heard about this incident, they all appreciated Nie Zheng's fearless spirit of "dying for his bosom friend" and praised Nie Rong as a brave woman and a weak woman who "fled thousands of miles" at any cost, thus making Nie Zheng famous all over the world. At the same time, he praised Yan Zhongzi for "knowing people can get scholars". It happened that no one expressed regret and sympathy for the death of Xia Lei.

According to modern standards, assassinating a country's government is a very serious crime, and Nie Zheng may be one of the most ferocious terrorists. According to "The Warring States Policy and Han Ce II", Nie Zheng also stabbed Han Aihou, the South Korean monarch in Xialei House. When this matter was mentioned in Historical Records, there was only one sentence: "Thieves killed Han Lei". Without mentioning Nie Zheng's name, he simply called himself a "thief", which obviously meant derogating from the assassin's behavior. However, Tai Shigong basically holds a positive attitude towards Nie Zheng's deeds in Biography of Assassins. In addition, it is mentioned in The Warring States Policy Sui Tang's Duty that Sui Tang praised Nie Zheng as "the wrath of scholars", and his spirit was not weaker than that of the king of Qin. Sui Tang also said: "Nie thorn, Bai Hong through the sun." At that time, the sky was clear and there was a rainbow. The implication was that Nie Zheng's assassination of Han Xiang was in line with destiny. It can be seen that Nie Zheng's behavior was regarded as heroic at that time.

Qin Le first appeared in Guangling San in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. In Cai Yong's Cao Qin in the Eastern Han Dynasty, assassination became a folk story. In this story, Nie Zheng killed not Han Xiang, but Wang Han. Nie Zheng did not assassinate Yan Zhongzi, but avenged his father. It turned out that Nie Zheng's father was a sword-casting korean king who was killed because he failed to deliver the sword in time. So Nie Zheng became a posthumous child. When he grew up, Nie Zheng met a fairy in the mountains and learned the unique skill of guqin. Nie Zheng also mastered vision, and no one knew himself. One day, Nie Zheng was playing drums in downtown. He said, "The audience will take a trip, but the horse won't listen." . Wang Han immediately summoned Nie Zheng and ordered Nie Zheng to play drums in public. At this time, Nie Zheng took out the sword hidden in the harp and assassinated korean king in one fell swoop to avenge his father. Later, it was not Nie Rong who fell on Nie Zheng and cried, but Nie Zheng's mother. This story was named "Nie Zheng Stabbed Hanwang" by Cai Yong.

Although Guangling San has an unparalleled tone, it has always been criticized as "the most uneven" and "irritable and impatient", and there is the so-called "image of minister Ling Jun". Ji Kang must have used this song to express his grievances in the execution ground. Ji Kang, who wrote The Sound Without Sorrow and Music, has always advocated that the sound comes from nature and has nothing to do with subjective feelings such as emotions. Ji Kang looked the same when he was executed. But the song is the heart. I don't know how Ji Kang showed the momentum of "more thunder and less rain" and "spears and guns facing each other" when facing the punishment of the Great King, and took this song as the last resistance to power.

After listening to this song in a thousand years, we can't help thinking of Nie Zheng and Ji Kang.

Third, Yi Shi is ambitious-Pingsha Goose.

It is said that Pingsha Wild Goose is the most popular guqin music in the past 300 years, with more than 50 existing scores. Different from other famous songs, there is no well-known story behind Pingsha Wild Goose.

The earliest version of Pingsha Goose was Authentic Ancient Sound in the seventh year of Chongzhen in Ming Dynasty (1634). Authentic ancient sounds solve the problem of Pingsha geese like this:

"Take its autumn crisp, calm, cloud Cheng Wanli, flying. Write Yi Shi's heart from the perspective of Honghu Lake. ..... the perfect rhythm of three ups and downs. The first play is like the guest of the swan goose. The sky is very ethereal, and the geese are in harmony, hidden and obvious, if they come. It wants to fall, look around and hover in the air; Will also fall. The sound of breathing tilted and swept three times around the mainland. It's down. It needs another one. It's just right to fly around and sleep in groups of three or five: mother and son can give in and taste it. "

It is said that the seven-year era of Chongzhen was an era of internal and external troubles in the Ming Dynasty. The Zhu Ming dynasty is coming to an end, and people of insight all over the world are worried. At this time, "Authentic Ancient Sounds" was published, perhaps the author had another meaning. The above problem-solving text is full of interest, and there is no feeling of sadness. Perhaps, the phrase "Write Yi Shi's heart with the ambition of Hongyan" is the central point, to show the idea that "poverty is the only way to protect yourself, and success is the way to help the world" advocated by Confucianism.

Yi Shi is a hermit, referring to a scholar who lives in seclusion in the mountains. Confucius said, "If there is a way in the world, you will see it, but if there is no way, you will be hidden." "Yi" said: "Heaven and earth are combined, and sages are hidden." The literati who retired from the torrent of reality found their last shelter in Shan Ye. Since ancient times, there has been a saying in China that "the big Tibetan dynasty, the middle Tibetan city, and the small Tibetan wild". China literati and their works are deeply influenced by China's reclusive culture. Although Yi Shi is "far away from rivers and lakes", his social influence is sometimes not weaker than those who live in temples.

A real hermit should be "only grasping the perch, not seeking fame", but gradually, since the Wei and Jin Dynasties, seclusion tends to be extreme and secular. Some hermits, they not only "seek fame and reputation", but also "seek fame and reputation". They regard seclusion as a means to gain fame and utility. Some people in power, in order to gain the reputation of Corporal Li Xian, deliberately cater to the literati who live in seclusion in the mountains, and some even accuse "high seclusion" with "false seclusion".

According to the Sixty-ninth Biography of the Book of Jin, in the second year of Long 'an (399), Huan Xuan (son of Huan Wen), a powerful minister in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, launched a rebellion and took control of the political affairs in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. There have been hermits since the Wei and Jin Dynasties, but there were none at that time. Huan Xuan felt very humiliated. In order to gain the reputation of Corporal Lixian, he quickly sent someone to invite the sixth grandson of Huangfu Mi, a famous hermit in the Western Jin Dynasty. Let Huang Fuxi live in seclusion in the mountains, and Huan Xuan will finance all kinds of expenses. Then Huan Xuan called Huangfu Mi a writer, but instructed Huangfu Mi to refuse to obey. Then Huan Xuan called Huangfu Mi "Gao Shi". This story has become a joke all over the world. At that time, people called this hermit "seclusion".

It's hard to be completely isolated. From ancient times to the present, there are few pure literati like Tao Yuanming and Xie Lingyun. In ancient times, most hermits were trapped by the world, or were convicted for their words, and finally retired to a secluded place in the mountains, perhaps just as a gesture for the world. On the surface, they are detached from things, but their hearts may never be calm.

From this point of view, the sound in the song and the meaning outside the song of "Wild Goose in Pingsha" contain encouragement for those who want to make a name for themselves, and comfort for those who quit the mountain because of the words.

Fourth, Huan Yi made three lines on the flute ―― three lines of plum blossom.

Plum blossom, lofty aspirations, ice muscle jade bone and lingering fragrance of cold ling have always been the objects admired by literati. "Three Lane of Plum Blossoms" is a flute or flute music, which was later adapted into piano music. "Agriculture, countryside and farmers" means playing the same tune three times over and over again. This repeated treatment aims to describe plum blossom's heroic, unyielding character and enterprising spirit in the cold wind.

The historical allusion of Three Lane of Plum Blossoms is the story of Huan Yi, a general of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, playing three plum blossoms for Wang Huizhi, a madman. This allusion is recorded in 51 biographies of the Book of Jin and 23 Shi Shuo Dan.

Wang Huizhi was called to Jiankang, the capital of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and his ship was anchored at Qingxi Wharf. Huan Yi happened to be on the shore, and Wang Huizhi and Wang Huizhi didn't know each other. At this time, a guest on board said, "This is King Ye Huan (Huan Yi Ye Zi)." Wang Huizhi ordered someone to say to Huan Yi, "Wenjun Mountain plays the flute, try to play it for me." Huan Yi is a senior official at this time, but he also heard about Wang Huizhi for a long time, so he got off the boat and got on the boat. Huan Yi sat on the Hu bed, playing the flute, and playing the tune of plum blossom, which was wonderful. After playing, Huanyi immediately got on the bus and left. The two sides didn't talk a word. Jin people are broad-minded, informal and aboveboard, which shows this.

According to the Book of Jin, Huan Yi was a military commander and a general of the right army, in charge of all military affairs in Yuzhou. Perhaps it was music that cultivated his mind. Huan Yi is modest and unpretentious. He made a great contribution and never avoided it. It is because of this character that he can calm down and study music. "Book of Jin" praised him for his outstanding talent in this respect. "Being happy for a while, Jiang Zuo is the first. There is a Curtin flute, and I often play it myself. "

In the eighth year of Taiyuan in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (AD 383), Fu Jian threw troops to attack the Eastern Jin Dynasty at the end of the Qin Dynasty. Huan Yi, then a corps commander, Xie Xuan, the top scholar general, and Xie Yan, the assistant general, defeated Fu Jian in the water (that is, the famous "Battle of Feishui" in history). Xie An, the prime minister, also went to Taibao because of his achievements in saving gold. Later, Sima Daozi, the younger brother of Emperor Xiaowu of Jin Dynasty, had a power struggle with Xie An, and repeatedly vilified Xie An. Emperor Xiao of Jin had doubts about Xie An and gradually began to neglect Xie An. Huan Yi is unfair for this. At a banquet, Huan Yi played a sad song "Poem of Sorrow" for Jin Xiaodi. In the poem, he sang: "It is not easy to be a monarch and a minister, but it is difficult to be a good minister alone. Loyalty is not obvious, but there are doubts. Zhou Jinwei is unpublished. Pushing the heart to help Wang Zheng, the second uncle opposes rumors. " Its "wide range and considerable pitch". This made Emperor Xiaowu and Emperor Jinwu very ashamed. Xie An was also moved by it.

Wang Huizhi, another protagonist in the allusion of "Three Alleys of Plum Blossoms", is the son of Wang Xizhi, a great calligrapher, and once served as assistant minister of Huangmen. Wang Huizhi acts strangely, pretends to be detached, is brilliant, is bohemian, and is an official who does nothing.

Wang Huizhi used to be a cavalry officer under General Huan Chong. Huan Chong once asked him, "Which office do you work in?" He replied, "I don't know what the official office is, but I often see a horse coming in, which seems to be Ma Su." Huan Chong asked again, "How many soldiers and horses are there in the imperial court?" He replied, "How can you know if you don't ask the number of horses?" Huan Chong asked again, "How many horses have died recently?" He replied, "If you don't know life, how can you know death?"

Wang Huizhi's answer is humorous, but they all come from different places. There was a Ma Su in the Prime Minister's House in the Western Han Dynasty, but there was no Ma Su in the army in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. In order to show his detachment, Wang Huizhi deliberately called Ma Su. Later, in the Song Dynasty, Lu You once wrote a poem "Dr. Wen wrote a donkey coupon, and the Ministry joined the army and sentenced Ma Su", which was the allusion of Wang Huizhi. "Don't ask the horse" in the above dialogue comes from The Analects of Confucius and industrious towns and villages. It turned out that Confucius' stable was on fire, and Confucius "didn't ask the horse", only asked if anyone was injured. "If you don't know life, how can you know death?" There is a saying, from The Analects of Confucius Advanced, the original text is "Lu Ji asked ghosts and gods, and Confucius said,' If you can't serve people, how can you serve ghosts?' Dare to ask death. Say:' If you don't know life, how can you know death? "Wang Huizhi irrelevant answer, hilarious, but every word has a history. He is resourceful, knowledgeable and admirable.

Huan Yi is gentle, while Wang Huizhi is bold and knowledgeable. Although they didn't say a word, it was a rare opportunity. It was the unexpected encounter between Huan Yi and Wang Huizhi that led to the birth of Three Lane of Plum Blossoms.

1972, the composer adapted the ancient song "Three Alleys of Plum Blossoms" into piano music, and its theme was the word "operator", that is, "Joe does not strive for spring, but only reports spring. When the mountain flowers are in full bloom, she laughs in the bushes. " Jiang Yuheng once sang a popular song "Three Lane of Plum Blossoms", which was also taken from an ancient song. The lyrics sing, "The world of mortals has its own infatuation. Don't laugh at infatuation. If it weren't for some cold bones, plum blossoms would be fragrant. Asking how the world is like, just teaching people to live and die, and seeing how many stories there are in the world is the most fascinating plum blossom trick. " From the perspective of pop songs, it is also a masterpiece.

Modern people play with ancient customs, whether it is to show political character or to show the love between men and women, after all, they lack the lofty elegance of the ancients, so it goes without saying that their tastes are high or low.

Five, pull the mountain, concubine helpless-"House of flying daggers"

A mythical god is mentioned in the seventh volume of Shan Hai Jing, Overseas Western Classics. "Xingtian fights with Tiandi, and the emperor breaks his head, taking milk as the purpose, doing things carefully and dancing." Later generations said: "The dance of unity is always intense. Chest and abdomen first, what is heaven's punishment for me? " Tao Yuanming also has a poem like "Dance with the fields, always be fierce". Whenever I see these words, it always reminds me of an earth-shattering figure in history. This person is also "always ambitious" and has the extraordinary spirit of "inspiring the mountains". Although he failed in the end, he left a dazzling figure in history. This man is Xiang Yu. If there is a God of War figure in China, Xiang Yu should undoubtedly be the first choice.

Xiang Yu has unparalleled courage and momentum, which is rare in ancient and modern times. He is an indomitable hero, the terminator of the Qin Dynasty.

Xiang Yu's biggest mistake was that he did not establish a strong political alliance. After Qin's death, the world was in dispute. Xiang Yu once claimed to be the overlord of the West Chu, and made a hero out of the earth as the king to enfeoffment the world. However, after the enfeoffment, the governors were not loyal to themselves. Because of his cruelty and unclear rewards and punishments, he lacks credibility in Wang Zizhong. Less than a few months after I returned to Xuzhou, I was already rebelling. As Jia Yi said, benevolence and righteousness are different from offense and defense. Benevolence here is of course a political means. Xiang Yu is obviously not a person with political wisdom.

Before 202 BC, the dispute between Chu and Han came to an end. The two sides fought in Gaixia (now south of Lingbi, Anhui), and 300,000 Han troops surrounded ten Wan Chu troops. In order to demoralize the other side, the Chinese side asked the soldiers to sing Chu songs. Most Chu soldiers have been away from home for a long time and are tired of fighting for many years. Some people in the Chu army began to sing bad songs, and their morale was completely shaken. Seeing that the general trend has gone, Xiang Yu is also at his wit's end. He sang to Ji: "If you pull out the mountain, you will be angry, and if you are unfavorable, you will not die." What can I do without dying? What is this? "Han soldiers are in a hurry," said Yu Ji. "There are songs all around. Your majesty is exhausted. How can a concubine live? " After singing, he drew his sword and committed suicide. Xiang Yu later fled to Wujiang River. Facing the turbulent river, he looked up at the sky and sighed, "It is not a crime to kill me today." So he drew his sword and committed suicide.

According to this battle, later generations produced two sets of famous pipa, Wu Qu's House of Flying Daggers and Farewell My Concubine. Ambush on Houses and Dismantling the Armor of Overlord are the predecessors of Pipa Music in Chu and Han Dynasties in Ming Dynasty. This piece of music is vividly described in the biography of Tang Pipa written by Wang Youding in Ming Dynasty for Tang Yingzeng, a pipa player in Ming Dynasty. At the beginning of this song, it was a decisive battle between the two armies. For a moment, "the voice of heaven and earth, the roof of the house flies." "Golden sound, drums sound, sword sound, Ma Yi sound" came and went, and then there was silence. It can be known that a mournful Song of Chu sounded, and Xiang Yu, the last hero, uttered the sound of elegy and generosity, the sound of farewell to my concubine, followed by the sound of osawa chasing horses, the sound of King Wujiang committing suicide, and I rode a horse to fight for a Wang Sheng.

In the treble of House of Flying Daggers, it is not only the cheerful horn of the winner, but also the transcendent spirit of the loser.

6. When did Jiang Yue take the photo of the people at the beginning of the year-"Sunset flute and drum"

The Evening Flute Drum is a pipa Wen Qu, also known as the Evening Flute Song. In addition, there are different versions of Xunyang Pipa, Xunyang jathyapple and Xunyang Qu. Some people think that the idea of "sunset flute and drum" comes from Bai Juyi's Pipa Trip. For example, the name of Xunyang Pipa is taken from the first sentence in Pipa Trip: "I see guests off on Xunyang River, and maple leaves and mature rushes rustle in autumn at night". In fact, the artistic conception of the sunset flute and drum is quite different from that of the pipa. Historically, more and more people think that the music content and artistic conception of "Sunset Flute and Drum" come from Zhang's poem "Moonlit Night on a Spring River". In the 1920s, an orchestral music adapted from The Sunset Flute and Drum appeared, which was directly named "Moonlit Night on the Spring River".

The melody of "Sunset Flute and Drum" basically comes from the poetry of "Moonlit Night on a Spring River". Strangely, from the Tang and Song Dynasties to the early Ming Dynasty, various critics paid little attention to this poem, and naturally no one recognized it as a masterpiece. This poem has only been included in Selected Poems of Tang Dynasty since the Ming Dynasty. In the Ming Dynasty, Zhong Xing commented in The Return of Tang Poetry: "Talking about it makes people sad and sentimental. They can't go on reading, and they are not tired of reading. They refined the words' moonlight on a spring river' into a strange light, which cannot be separated or combined. It is really a chemical hand. " Wang Fuzhi's Selected Poems of the Tang Dynasty (Volume I) in the Qing Dynasty said that this poem "has been renovated sentence by sentence to move the minds of ancient and modern people and make them feel stupid." Its nature is unique, but it is easy to accumulate. "At the end of the Qing Dynasty, I commented on this poem in The Origin of Tang Poetry:" Zhang's "Moonlit Night on a Spring River" used the style of "Xizhou", which was absolutely rejected by everyone. "

There is only one "Moonlit Night on the Spring River", and there is only one in the Tang Dynasty. The piano sound of "Sunset Flute and Drum" came in bursts, drawing sounds and pictures, and the poetic meaning described in "Moonlit Night on a Spring River" appeared in front of us, making people feel as if they were dreaming back to the Tang Dynasty, and then they were infinitely impressed by the myriad weather of the Tang Dynasty.

Seven, how many things in ancient and modern times, all pay jokes-"Yuqiao Q&A"

"Romance of the Three Kingdoms" begins with a few words: "White-haired fish is sitting on the river, accustomed to the spring breeze of autumn moon, and a pot of turbid wine meets happily. How many things have been said in ancient and modern times? " Can be a wonderful interpretation of the ancient song "Yuqiao Q&A".

Yuqiao Q&A is a guqin song. The preserved spectrum was first seen in Xiao Luan (1560)' s "Continued Spectrum of the Taiyin in Hangzhuang" in the Ming Dynasty. Xiao Luan solved the problem like this: "The prosperity of ancient and modern times is like a palm, and the mountains and rivers are boundless. After a thousand years of gains and losses, this is just a word. "Modern Qin Xue Jin Chu said this song:" The meaning of the song is deep and long, and the expression is free and easy, but the towering mountains, the magnificent water, the tinkling of the axe and the sigh of the voice are looming in the fingers, and the question and answer period reminds people of mountains. "

Fishermen, as the embodiment of "saints" and "Tao", have a long history. In Zhuangzi Zapian Fisherman, there is a detailed conversation between Confucius and a fisherman. During the conversation, the fisherman explained the realm of Taoist inaction to Confucius, who was amazed and called the fisherman a "saint".

The representative of "salary" in history is Zhu Maichen, the minister of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. Zhu Maichen was born in poverty in his early years. He often goes up the mountain to collect firewood and makes a living by selling wages. His wife left him because she couldn't stand poverty.

The song "Yuqiao Q&A" is the precipitation of thousands of years of culture. "The green hills are still there, and the setting sun is a few degrees red", so it stagnates in the world and disappears into the elegant and unique melody of "Fish and Wood Question and Answer". This realm is amazing, but how many people can do it? Although I long for it, I can't do it.

Eight, Hu Jia was born out of Hu, and the sound was endless-18 beats of Hu Jia

Judging from his literary talent and martial arts, Cao Cao should be one of the most outstanding emperors in history. A person who even appreciates Wu Wei, although a woman, should also be a top figure. This person is Cai Yan.

As a genius who is familiar with melody, she left the piano music "Eighteen Beats of Hu Jia" to future generations, ranking among the top ten ancient songs. In literature, she left famous works such as Ode to the East, Eighteen Beats of Hu Jia, Poems of Sorrow and Anger. Guo Moruo praised the Eighteen Beats of Hu Jia. "It's like an endless wave, it's like an active volcano erupting lava, which is the cry of the whole soul." Guo Moruo also called Eighteen Beats of Hu Jia "the most enjoyable lyric poem since Qu Yuan's Lisao." As for grief and indignation poems, people think that the literary value of this work can be compared with that of the seven sons of Jian 'an.

Cai Yan was born in troubled times, and his early family was unfortunate. Coupled with his three marriages in his life, his fate is very bumpy. Perhaps suffering is the source of great works of art, and it is these experiences that others have never had that make Cai Yan leave a masterpiece for future generations. Her achievements and talents are no less than those of Jian 'an Seven Sons. Because of the bad rules that men are superior to women for thousands of years, Cai Yan was not listed separately in the Book of the Later Han Dynasty, which made her unable to rank with other historical figures in the same period. Her deeds were not included in The Scholars and Biographies of Wen Yuan, but were included in the Book of the Later Han Dynasty with the title of "Dong Si's wife". There are not many words about Cai Yan in "The Biography of Women in the Later Han Dynasty", but the evaluation is extremely high, saying that she "has a little leisure in sports." District Guangming Qiang, show me Guan Tong. "

Cai Yan lived in Xiongnu for twelve years, so she was familiar with China and Hu Le. Eighteen Beats of Hu Jia is a piece of music written by Cai Wenji according to the characteristics of Hun musical instrument Hu Jia. In this song, she combined China music and Hu music perfectly, thus making Eighteen Beats of Hu Huajian a rare Chinese and foreign ensemble in ancient times.

Nine, thousands of miles away from home, a maid-in-waiting lived here for twenty years-"Autumn Moon in Han Palace"

Autumn Moon in Han Palace was originally a pipa, and was later adapted into Erhu. Although Autumn Moon in Han Palace is listed as one of the top ten ancient songs, its history is not long. The theme of music is not very clear. Many related articles have vaguely said that this song aims to express the bitterness and sadness of the oppressed maids in ancient times. According to an article, this song describes in detail the ladies-in-waiting in an autumn night, facing the bright moon, with infinite sadness in their hearts and a strong desire for love.

The autumn moon in the Han Palace is probably related to the autumn in the Han Palace. Autumn in the Palace of Han Dynasty is a drama at the end of Yuan Dynasty, written by Ma Zhiyuan. Autumn Colors in Han Palace tells the story of Wang Zhaojun and his relatives.

Maids-in-waiting live in the deep palace and are not free. After a long time, it will naturally produce resentment. On the other hand, Zou Yang, a poet in the Western Han Dynasty, once lamented in "Letter to Liang Wang in Prison": "Women are neither beautiful nor evil, and they are jealous when they enter the palace." Three thousand concubines and ladies-in-waiting, all they can think about is competing with the emperor, how can they not be jealous? However, the bitterness of the autumn moon in Han Palace is not always fragile in my heart. Gong E in Han Dynasty was strong and could accompany the emperor to ride horses and hunt, and her activities in the palace were less restricted than those of later ladies. Therefore, their complaints are not dull and delicate.

There were also maids in the Han Dynasty who didn't complain. There is an interesting folklore that there was a maid-in-waiting named Yuanxiao in the Han Dynasty, and jiaozi did a good job. She misses her parents and sisters at home very much every day. Her sincerity touched the emperor. Later, on the fifteenth day of the first month of each year, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty approved every household to make glutinous rice balls and light lanterns, so that the queen's ladies-in-waiting could leave the palace to have fun with the people. On that day, Yuanxiao wrote the word "Yuanxiao" on the lantern, and took jiaozi, who was wrapped by himself, out of the palace to reunite with his family.

Let's put aside the bitterness of distant years, listen to the autumn moon in the Han Palace and enjoy fifteen Yuan Xiao. Isn't it soon?

X. Its music is sublime and its harmony is sparse ―― Chun Xue.

One of the top ten famous songs of Guqin. According to legend, it was written by a musician of Jin State or Liu of Qi State in the Spring and Autumn Period. Yangchun and Snow White in the existing piano scores are two instrumental works. The magic secret spectrum said in solving the problem: "Yangchun takes everything as spring, and the wind is indifferent; Snow White is awe-inspiring and clean, and the sound of snow bamboo is beautiful. "

The allusion of Yangchun Baixue comes from Song Yu's answer to the king of Chu in Chu Ci. King Xiang of Chu asked Song Yu if there were any hidden virtues in Mr. Chu. Why don't people praise you so much? Song Yu said that there were singers in Chu State, and the earliest one was "Xialiba People", and there were thousands of peacemakers in Qian Qian. When the singer sang Yang A Xielu, there were only a few hundred middle school peacemakers. When the singer sang Chun Xue, there were only a few dozen middle school peacemakers. There were only three people in the Intermediate People's Court when some difficult skills were added in the Song Dynasty, that is, "attracting business and carving feathers, and miscellaneous to levy". Song Yu's conclusion is, "it's its high and low." The more elegant and complicated the song "Chun Xue" is, fewer and fewer people can sing it, that is, the songs are sung in high voices.

The allusion of "Chun Xue" shows that different appreciators have great differences in aesthetic taste and ability. The higher the artistry of music, the fewer people will appreciate it. I have to admit that this difference has a lot to do with the subjective taste of the audience, and sometimes it is difficult to get an objective and fair evaluation. Just as Ge Hong in the Western Jin Dynasty pointed out in his book Guangpi: "It is very good to watch and listen, but it is difficult to love and hate." For those who are used to listening to the songs of Sangjian Pushang and the voices of Xialiba people, of course, they can't appreciate the elegance of Yangchun Baixue and Huangzhong Road. From this perspective, there is not much difference between ancient and modern times. Nowadays, people appreciate music, mostly "the better the sound, the faster the comfort."

"There are many customs about who snow sings with." A diversified world is inseparable from "snow songs" and "vulgar feelings". The more popular any music is, the more people support it. This is the same reason that the best box office receipts today are often pop songs concerts. Of course, elegant art has its own value, and the longer it takes, the more precious it becomes.