Chinese pharmacist points: water pill introduction

Water pills, also known as water pills, are small spherical pills made of finely powdered medicines with cold boiled water, medicinal juice or other liquids as a binding (wetting) agent. Water pills are developed on the basis of soup. Beginning from the prescription of a part of the drug decoction and another part of the fine powder of the drug to drip into the pill method for decoction pills, and then gradually evolved to a variety of water-soluble liquids as a binder, with the pan system method will be made of all or part of the fine powder of the drug made of small pills. Pan system pills, small volume, dense and smooth surface, easy to swallow, but also not easy to absorb moisture, is conducive to safekeeping and storage.

First, the meaning and characteristics of water pills

Water pills, also known as water pills, refers to the fine powdered herbs with water or according to the prescription of wine, dilute medicinal juices, sugar, etc. as an excipient by the pan system into the pills.

Characteristics: ① small size, dense and smooth surface, easy to swallow, not easy to absorb moisture; ② according to the nature of the drugs can be layered pan pills, so as to mask the bad smell of the drugs to improve the stability of aromatic volatile components; ③ easy to dissolve, the effect is faster; ④ production equipment is simple, but the operation is more cumbersome; ⑤ the uniformity of the content of the drug and dissolution of the control is not easy.

Second, the excipient of the water pill

1. Prescription of moisture-inducing, soluble drugs or toxic drugs, can be dissolved or dispersed in water, and then pan pills.

2. Wine. Wetting the powder produces a weak viscosity than water, when the water pan pill viscosity is strong, can be replaced by wine. Wine is also a good organic solvent, helps alkaloids, volatile oils and other dissolved, and made of pills are easy to dry, with a certain degree of preservative ability.

3. Vinegar. Vinegar can increase the dissolution of alkaloids in the powder, at the same time, rice vinegar can activate blood circulation and dissipate blood stasis, reduce swelling and relieve pain, lead the medicine into the liver, into the liver meridian, blood circulation, dissipate blood stasis, relieve pain in the preparation of medicines commonly used in the preparation of pills with vinegar as excipient.

4, medicine juice. Prescription of certain drugs are not easy to crush or too large, can be juiced or extracted for excipient.

There are mainly the following categories: ① strong fibrous 'drugs (such as the belly skin, loofah), hard texture of the mineral medicine (such as magnetite, natural copper, etc.) by leaching made of extract for pan pills; ② resinous drugs (such as frankincense, myrrh, etc.), extracts, gums, soluble salts, etc., can be taken to the extract or directly dissolved for the adhesive; ③ milk, bile, bamboo leach, etc., can be diluted with water to appropriate use; ④ fresh medicines, fresh medicines or vinegar as excipients. Use; ④ fresh medicine (such as ginger, garlic, etc.) can be juiced.

Third, the preparation of water pills

Process: the preparation of raw materials? Mold? Pan into shape? Covering? Drying? Selection of pills? Coating? Lighting? Quality check? Packaging

1. Preparation of raw materials. Generally, the powder for pills should be sifted through five to six, and the powder for molding or coating should be sifted through six to seven.

2. Molding. Note: ① molding powder should be used with appropriate viscosity of the powder, viscous or non-viscous powder is not conducive to molding; ② mold commonly used water as a wetting agent.

(1) powder pan system molding method

(2) wet powder granulation molding method

mass production can be calculated using the following empirical formula:

X = 0.6250?D/C

where, C - finished water pills, dry weight of 100 grains, g; D? Powder total weight, kg; X? 0.6250?The weight of 100 pills in the standard pill mold, g.

3.

① Each time the amount of water and powder should be appropriate.

② In the process of accelerating the increase, pay attention to maintaining the hardness and roundness of the pellets, rolling time should also be appropriate, in order to solid and dense pellets without affecting the dissolution of the appropriate.

③ mold and increase the process of crooked material, powder, too large and too small pellets should be adjusted to paste water at any time in the pellet flood.

④ If the prescription contains aromatic volatile or special odor and irritating herbs, it is best to crush separately, pan in the middle of the pill to avoid volatilization or cover the bad smell.

⑤ Containing cinnabar, sulfur and acidic drugs, pills, can not use copper pan pill pot mold and increase, so as to avoid chemical changes and discoloration of the surface of the pills or produce harmful ingredients. Such varieties can be made of stainless steel pan pill pot.

4. cover. Commonly used cover surface methods are dry powder cover surface, water cover surface, clear pulp cover surface.

5. Drying. Drying temperature is generally controlled below 80 ℃, containing volatile components of the pill should be controlled below 60 ℃. Prolonged high-temperature drying may affect the dissolution rate of water pills, it is appropriate to use intermittent or boiling drying methods.

6. Selection of pills.

7. Coating.