Did any of the Ming and Qing thinkers oppose the feudal system? Detailed explanation

Li Zhi has an anti-feudal color, mainly against the Confucian ideological claims

Huang Zongxi, Gu Yanwu, etc. are not against the feudal system, but against the monarchical dictatorship

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Ming and qing dynasties, due to the development of the commodity economy and the decline of the feudal system, the emergence of anti-feudal democratic ideas. Li Zhi, Huang Zongxi, Gu Yanwu, Wang Fuzhi are the representatives of anti-feudal democratic thought in this period. The *** with the characteristics of their ideas are:

1. anti-traditional, anti-dogma. Li Zhi, a progressive thinker of the Ming Dynasty who regarded himself as a "heretic", accused the Confucian classics of not being "the most important theory of the world", denied that Confucius was "born a saint", and objected to the idea that "all people take Confucius's teachings as their own. He denied that Confucius was a "born saint" and opposed "the right and wrong of Confucius as right and wrong".

2. Anti-feudal authoritarianism. Huang Zongxi in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties exposed the feudal monarch "to all the benefits of the world to himself, all the harm in the world to the people", the feudal monarchical authoritarian system was violently attacked, and came to the conclusion that monarchical authoritarianism is "the world's greatest harm". Gu Yanwu distinguished between "the loss of the country" and "the loss of the world" and advocated that people should "protect the world", which was in fact to oppose the monarchical dictatorship of "the family" and "the world", and to oppose the feudal system of "the family". This is actually against the monarchical dictatorship of the "family", and the anti-feudal color is extremely obvious.

3. It has a certain democratic color. Li Zhi exposed the hypocrisy of the Taoists, said they "were dressed in Confucianism, line like a dog swine", Li Zhi is China's anti-feudal thought of the forerunner. Huang Zongxi opposed the agricultural suppression of business, put forward the idea of "industry and commerce are the basis", his ideas shook the academic world at the time, the rise of democratic thinking in the late Qing Dynasty also has a certain impact. Gu Yanwu opposed monarchical absolutism and advocated the separation of powers.

4. Reflecting the requirements of the era of budding capitalism. Huang Zongxi advocated the "rule of law" and opposed the "rule of man". Gu Yanwu emphasized the practical learning of "the world of the world", trying to reverse the impracticality of the end of the Ming Dynasty. Wang Fuzhi in the Ming and Qing dynasties, on the other hand, fought against idealism, the philosophical foundation of feudal autocracy, from a philosophical point of view. He used the developmental point of view to look at history, put forward in politics to "tend to update", his ideas flashed with the light of innovation, in a certain sense, reflecting the requirements of the era of the emergence of capitalism.