Sports Knowledge--Origin of Table Tennis

Sports Knowledge--The Origin of Table Tennis

Table tennis originated in the U.K. At the end of the 19th century, tennis was prevalent in Europe, but due to the limitations of the field and weather, some college students in the U.K. moved the game indoors and played on the dining table with a tabletop as the tabletop, a book as the net, and parchment paper as the paddle. 1890, several British naval officers stationed in India stumbled upon the idea of playing tennis on a modest table. In 1890, several British naval officers stationed in India discovered by chance that playing tennis on a small table was quite ***. Later, they changed to use solid rubber instead of the elasticity of the solid ball, and then changed to the hollow plastic ball, and wooden board instead of the racket, on the table for this novel "tennis", which is the origin of the name Table tennis.

Table tennis became a popular sport soon after it appeared, and in the early 1900s, the United States began to produce sets of table tennis equipment. It is the number one racket sport in the United States, with over 200,000 Americans playing table tennis. Originally, Table tennis was known by other names, such as Indoor tennis, but later an American manufacturer coined the word Ping-pang after the sound made by a ping pong ball hitting the table, and registered it as a patent trademark for his "ping pong ball", which became another official name for Table tennis. Ping-pang later became another official name for table tennis. When it reached China, the word "ping-pong" was coined.

The Origin of Table Tennis

The game of table tennis originated in England in the late 19th century. At first, it was just a kind of active game, the ball was made of light and elastic material, and the racket was made of a wooden plate such as the cover of a cigar box, so it was called "table tennis" because it was played on the table like playing tennis. 1900 or so, due to the development of the light industry, the ball was changed into a hollow ball made of celluloid. Since then, table tennis has gradually developed. The first large-scale table tennis tournament was held in December 1900 in London, England. There were more than three hundred participants. When the game was played, the male athletes had to wear shirts and shirts with pulp collars, and the female athletes had to wear skirts and even hats.

In 1926, the International Table Tennis Federation was officially founded and decided to hold the first World Table Tennis Championships. Over the decades, the development of table tennis has gone through about three stages:

(1) In the early stage, players used different shapes of paddles, but they were all made of wood, and the speed of the ball was slow. Power is small, talk about what spin; hitting method is also monotonous, just push the ball around. In the early fifties, the Austrian invented the sponge racket, Japanese athletes first used in the world competition, and won the 19th World Championships of four titles, breaking the monopoly of European athletes. As Japanese athletes used this racket to create a long draw attacking style of play from the far end of the table, with a forehand attacking power, speed, serve and attack threat, etc., and thus slow, weak rotation, attacking power of the European defensive style was gradually replaced, so that Japan gained the dominance of table tennis in the 1950's. Between 1952 and 1959, in the 49 World Championships, Japan won 24 times, accounting for the largest share of the world championships. From 1952 to 1959, of the 49 world championships, Japan won 24, or 47%. This was the first major improvement in the standard of table tennis.

(2) In 1959, after Rong Guotuan won the men's singles title of the 25th World Table Tennis Championships, Chinese athletes began to ascend to the international table tennis arena. Gradually, they formed the straight racket near-table fast attack playing style with "fast, accurate, fierce and changeable" as the technical style. In the Twenty-sixth World Championship in 1961, the Chinese team won the men's team world championship for the first time by defeating the Japanese players who had a long draw from the far table and a secret weapon - the "arc ball" style. And won the twenty-seventh and twenty-eighth consecutive men's team championship. The advantages of the Chinese near-table fast attack are close position, fast speed, flexible movement, and free use of forehand and backhand, which is a big step forward compared with the Japanese long-draw style of playing from the far table. In the 1960s, China's table tennis technology was at the forefront of the world, and the dominance of the game shifted from Japan to China. This was the second great improvement in the level of table tennis.

(3) At the same time of the development of table tennis in Japan and China, European athletes summarized the lessons learned from the failures, and after nearly two decades of hard work, they finally took the strengths of Japan's arc ball technology and China's near-table fast-attack style, and created an advanced style of play that suited their needs, i.e., an arc ball-based style combined with a fast-attack style of play. The representative characters are Hungarian Krampal and Jonir. The fast break-based combined with the arc ball playing method is the main technique of forehand and backhand fast break, using the backhand fast paddle fast attack to fight for the initiative, and the forehand to pull the arc ball to look for the opportunity to kill as a means of scoring. The representative characters are Bengtsson of Sweden, Orlovsky of Czech Republic and so on. These two playing styles are characterized by strong rotation, fast speed, pulling and hitting, low pulling and high hitting, and more room for manoeuvre. Table tennis has advanced to a new level where rotation and speed are closely combined. This was the third major improvement in the level of table tennis.

As a result of the continuous improvement of the level of table tennis, in 1982, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) decided that table tennis should be included as an official competition of the Olympic Games from 1988 onwards, which aroused further attention to table tennis from countries all over the world, and pushed forward the development of table tennis more quickly.

China's brilliant achievements in table tennis began in the early 1960s. After Rong Guotuan won the Men's Singles World Championship in March 1959, Zhuang Zedong won the Men's Singles World Championship three times in a row in April 1961, April 1963, and April 1965, respectively, which pushed China's men's level of table tennis to a new height. Later on, due to the Cultural Revolution in China, the level of table tennis was affected. After the end of the Cultural Revolution, the table tennis level of Chinese athletes was once again raised to a new level, with Guo Yuehua and Jiang Jialiang each winning two World Championships in men's singles in the eight years from 1981 to 1987. At the 36th Table Tennis World Championships in April 1981, the Chinese team swept the seven men's and women's titles for the first time, marking the overall level of Chinese table tennis reaching the first in the world. After that, from 1989 to 1993, due to the great improvement of the level of table tennis in Europe, the men's singles world championships were won by European athletes for many times, among which the Swede Waldner was the representative, who dominated the men's singles in the world for several years. It was not until the mid to late 1990s that Chinese athletes such as Liu Guoliang and Kong Linghui regained the men's singles title due to the rise of these athletes. Liu and Kong won the World Championships, the World Cup and the Olympic Games respectively, a "Grand Slam" of men's singles titles. To this day, the rising stars of the Chinese men's and women's table tennis teams, such as Wang Hao, Zhang Jike, Ma Long, Guo Yan, Ding Ning, Li Xiaoxia, Liu Shiwen and so on, are still ranked at the top of the world for the world's top table tennis players.

Who knows the origin of tennis and table tennis?

The origin of table tennis goes to that country

In 1890, a few British naval officers stationed in India happened to find it quite *** to play tennis on a small table. Later, they changed to use a small hollow ball instead of a solid ball with little elasticity, and used a wooden board instead of a net racket to play this novel "tennis" on the table, which is the origin of the name Table tennis.

Table tennis became a popular sport soon after it appeared, and in the early 1900s, the United States began producing table tennis sets. It is the number one racket sport in the United States, with over 200,000 Americans playing table tennis. Originally, Table tennis was known by other names, such as Indoor tennis, but an American manufacturer coined the word Ping-pang after the sound made by the balls when they hit, and registered it as a patent trademark for his "ping pong ball", which became another official name for Table tennis. Ping-pang later became another official name for table tennis. When it reached China, the word "ping-pong" was coined.

Table tennis is a popular world sport that originated in the United Kingdom, but is the national sport of China. Originating in 1900, table tennis was named for the "Ping Pong" sound it makes when struck, and is officially known as table tennis in mainland China, Hong Kong and Macau, and table tennis in Taiwan and Japan. It is also known as table tennis in Taiwan and Japan, meaning a ball game played on a table. Table tennis balls are round, weighing 2.53-2.70 grams, white or yellow, made of celluloid or plastic, with a diameter of 38 mm for international competitions prior to the Sydney 2000 Olympic Games, and 40 mm for international competitions after 2000, and are played by players on one side of a table with a net spaced 274 cm long, 152 cm wide, and 76 cm high, using a paddle to strike the ball (there are a number of ways to strike it). The racket is used to hit the ball (blocking, pumping, chipping, rolling, pulling, etc.), and the ball must be rebounded on the table before it can be hit back over the net, and it is effective if it lands on the opponent's table. The game is divided into team, singles, doubles and other types; to 11 points a game, the use of five sets of three wins, seven sets of four wins.

Development

Origins

In 1890, a few British naval officers stationed in India found that playing tennis on a small table was quite ***. Later, they replaced the elastic solid ball with a small hollow ball, and used a wooden board instead of a racket to play this novel "tennis game" on the table, which is how Table tennis got its name.

Table tennis became a popular sport soon after it appeared, and in the early 1900s, the United States began producing table tennis sets. It is the number one racket sport in the United States, with over 200,000 Americans playing table tennis. Originally, Table tennis was known by other names, such as Indoor tennis, but an American manufacturer coined the word Ping-pang after the sound made by the balls when they hit, and registered it as a patent trademark for his "ping pong ball", which became another official name for Table tennis. Ping-pang later became another official name for table tennis. When it arrived in China, the word "ping-pong" was coined.

In Japanese, ping-pong is called "table tennis". Many of the words used in table tennis came from tennis. The ball used in table tennis is called Ping-pong ball or Table-tennis ball, the table is called Ping-pong table, the table surface is called Court, the net in the middle is called Net, the frame to support the net is called Net support, and the table tennis racket is called Ping-pong bat.

Ping-pong singles competition In 2001, the system was changed to four out of seven or three out of five (11 points per game), and the so-called "set" is called Serve.

Table tennis originated in England, and Europeans still call table tennis "table tennis".

The game of ping pong originated in England, and Europeans still call it "table tennis", which means that ping pong was developed from tennis.

The game of ping pong was played in Europe at the end of the 19th century, but due to the limitations of the field and the weather, some students in the United Kingdom moved the game indoors and played it on the dining room table with the table, the book as the net, and the parchment as the racket.

At the beginning of the 20th century, table tennis flourished in Europe and Asia. 1926, the International Table Tennis Invitational Tournament was held in Berlin, Germany, and was posthumously recognized as the first World Table Tennis Championships, while the International Table Tennis Federation was established.

The widespread development of table tennis has led to significant improvements in rackets and balls. Initially, the racket was a piece of slightly processed wooden board, and later some people put a layer of sheepskin on the racket. With the development of modern industry, Europeans put rubber with rubber particles on the racket. In the early 1950s, the Japanese invented rackets with thick sponges. The original ball was a rubber ball similar to a tennis ball, and in 1890, the British athlete Gibb brought back some celluloid balls from the United States as toys for the sport of table tennis.

Among the many table tennis tournaments that have been named. The most prestigious is the World Table Tennis Championships, which was initially held annually and then changed to a two-year event after 1957.

Changes

In 1927, the International Table Tennis Federation (ITTF) was officially established and decided to hold the first World Table Tennis Championships. The development of table tennis has gone through about three stages. At the beginning, players used bats of different shapes, but they were all made of wood, and the ball bounced out slowly and with little power, with little spinning skill; the playing method was also very simple, which was to push the ball around between the two.

In 1936, the 10th World Table Tennis Championships was held in Prague, Hungary, and there was a stunning situation in the competition. The men's team championship was contested in Romania and Austria. The match was played from Sunday at 21.00 hours. Both sides sent three chippers, and because of the same style of play, the level of both sides was close, and both used mushroom tactics, refused to pick trips easily, and tried to win from the mistakes of their opponents. The game is still 2:2 at three o'clock. local regulations, public **** place must be closed at three o'clock, caused the police to interfere, and finally took 31 hours of Austria to 5:4 victory.

In 1903, the Englishman Goode invented the rubberized paddle, which contributed to the development of table tennis technology. From 1926 to 1951, most players around the world used rubber rackets with cylindrical particles on the surface. The increased elasticity and friction when hitting the ball allowed the ball to generate a certain amount of spin, resulting in the emergence of a defensive style of play that chipped the ball with downward spin. This style of play was popular in Europe for a long time, and many athletes won world championships using this style of play. During this period, the dominance of table tennis was in Europe, where the Hungarian team had the most outstanding results, winning 57 of the 117 world championships, accounting for half of the European team. However, this type of racket can only be used to create downward spin. Everyone does this, grinding and guarding, even if they win the title is meaningless.

In the early 1950s, the Austrians invented the sponge racket, which Japanese athletes ethically used in world competitions and won four titles at the 19th World Championships, breaking the monopoly of European athletes. As Japanese athletes used this racket to create a long draw attacking style of play from the far end of the table, which had the advantages of large forehand attacking power, fast speed, and a high threat of serve-and-attack, the European defensive style of play, which was slow, weak in rotation and weak in attacking power, was gradually replaced, and Japan gained the dominance of table tennis in the 1950s. 1952 to 1959, of the 49 World Championships titles, the Japanese team won 24 titles, accounting for 47%. This was the first time that table tennis was played at a high level. This was the first major improvement in the standard of table tennis.

In 1959, Yung Kuo-tuan won the men's singles title of the 25th World Table Tennis Championships, and Chinese athletes began to ascend to the international table tennis arena. Gradually, they formed the straight racket near-table fast attack playing style with "fast, accurate, fierce and changeable" as the technical style. In the Twenty-sixth World Championship in 1961, the Chinese team won the men's team world championship for the first time by defeating the Japanese players who had a long draw from the far table and a secret weapon - the "arc ball" style. And won the twenty-seventh and twenty-eighth consecutive men's team championship. The advantages of the Chinese near-table fast attack are close position, fast speed, flexible movement, and free use of forehand and backhand, which is a big step forward compared with the Japanese long-draw style of playing from the far table. In the 1960s, China's table tennis technology was at the forefront of the world, and the dominance of the game shifted from Japan to China. This was the second great improvement in the level of table tennis.

At the same time of the development of table tennis in Japan and China, European athletes summarized the lessons learned from the failure, and after nearly two decades of hard work, they finally took the Japanese arc ball technology and the strength of China's near-table fast-attack style, and created an advanced style of play that suited them, i.e., an arc-ball-based style combined with fast-attack style of play. The representative characters are Hungarian Krampal and Jonir. The fast break-based combined with the arc ball playing method is the main technique of forehand and backhand fast break, using the backhand fast dial fast attack to strive for the initiative, and the forehand to pull the arc ball to look for the opportunity to kill as a means of scoring. The representative figures are Bengtsson of Sweden, Orlovsky of Czech Republic and so on. These two playing styles are characterized by strong placement, fast speed, ability to pull and hit, low pull and high hit, and more room for maneuver. Table tennis was advanced to a new level of close combination of placement and speed. This was the third major improvement in the level of table tennis.

Since the 1970s, due to the strengthening of international communication and study, various playing styles took each other's strengths and weaknesses, so that table tennis technology has been developed and improved more quickly. For example, China's close-to-table fast break, straight racket fast break combined with the arc ball, and horizontal racket fast break combined with the arc ball and other playing styles and techniques have been developed and innovated, and have achieved excellent results in international competitions. The International Table Tennis Federation has 186 member associations and is one of the larger sports organizations in the world.

In 1982, the decision of the International Olympic Committee to make table tennis an official Olympic Games event from 1988 onwards promoted the faster development of the sport.

"Small ball" becomes "big ball"

In the early 1980s, after the Chinese team won seven titles at the 36th World Table Tennis Championships, there were suggestions to increase the size of the table tennis balls and nets, but the suggestions were not taken seriously. The suggestion was not taken seriously. Since then, the technology of table tennis has continued to develop, with the ball becoming faster and spinning more and more. Many athletes played fewer rounds against each other; sometimes the ball flew like lightning, and before the audience could see it clearly, the winner had already been decided, which weakened the interest of table tennis enthusiasts.

In 1999, during the 45th World Table Tennis Championships in Davie, the "Big Ball Reform" proposal was shelved due to the lack of a three-fourths majority of the votes cast.

On February 23, 2000, the FITA Extraordinary General Assembly and Congress in Kuala Lumpur passed the reform program of the 40mm big ball, deciding that the 40mm big ball should be used from October 1, 2000 onwards. October 1, 2000, to use a 40 mm diameter, 2. 7 grams ball in place of the 38 mm small ball.

Other Changes

In addition, the reform of the game of table tennis included the introduction of an "11-point system" to replace the "21-point system", "no cover serve". From September 1, 2008, the official implementation of the "glue ban", switch to inorganic glue. Solvent glue with volatiles is usually called organic glue or quick-drying glue, its main components are adhesive colloid and organic solvents, the latter refers to low-toxicity, volatile, chemical solvents that can dissolve the adhesive colloid, which contains toluene, xylene and other toxic ingredients, the International Federation of the glue in the toxic components of a certain limit of standards. Organic glue increases sponge elasticity and stroke speed. Every player needs to brush his or her paddle with glue several times before participating in a match, and this is considered a necessary weapon in table tennis. Inorganic glue is neither colorless nor odorless, and its dilution is similar to that of water. It does not increase sponge elasticity and only needs to be brushed once, and the backing of this type of glue is easy to clean and does not leave any residue.

China

Table tennis was introduced to China in December 1904 from Japan. At the beginning, Wang Daoping, the owner of a stationery store on Si Ma Road in Shanghai, purchased 10 sets of table tennis equipment from Japan and performed in the store, so the number of people who bought table tennis and played table tennis gradually increased, and the activity was promoted in all major cities. At that time, table tennis bats were wooden, smooth and difficult to make the ball rotate, so there were only two ways to play: push blocking and pumping.

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Knowledge about Table Tennis

Playing table tennis must involve twisting at the waist so that you can utilize the strength of your entire body.

Knowledge about Table Tennis

1. The traditional technique of China: straight fast attack combined with arc circle ball.

2. The main technique in Europe: horizontal two-sided arc circle ball combined with fast attack.

Knowledge about table tennis

Table tennis has gone through a tortuous process from small to large. in the early 1980s, after the Chinese team won seven titles at the 36th World Table Tennis Championships, there were suggestions to increase the size of the table tennis balls and the height of the nets, but the suggestion was not taken seriously.

Since then, the technology of table tennis has continued to develop, with the ball becoming faster and faster and spinning more and more strongly. Many players played against each other with fewer rounds; sometimes the ball flew like lightning, and before the audience could see it, the winner was already decided, which weakened the interest of table tennis fans. For this reason, Ichiro Ogimura, the former president of the International Table Tennis Federation (ITF), had considered increasing the size of table tennis. And Xu Yinsheng took the matter to the agenda after he became the president of the IBF.

In May 1996, the FIBT Council agreed to a proposal to experiment with larger balls - to slow down the speed and spin of the ball, and to increase the rounds and spectacle, it was recommended that the diameter of the table tennis ball be increased by two millimeters. The FIBT was prepared to experiment with this at the Youth Championships in Japan the following year, but this was dropped due to too much input from Japanese manufacturers. At that time, changing the size of the ball was only a suggestion, and manufacturers would need to invest in remaking molds and adjusting processes to produce a larger ball, so if the suggestion ended up being rejected, the money would have been wasted.

In order to support the table tennis reform, Shanghai Red Double Happiness Table Tennis Group took on the task of trial production, and produced a number of high-quality large balls according to the requirements, which were sent to member associations by the FIBA for trial. The Chinese Table Tennis Association (CTA), which is the only organization in the world that has instruments to measure the speed and rotation of dynamic table tennis balls, took the initiative to undertake the testing work. The scientific researchers of the Scientific Committee of the CBA conducted an experiment on the effect of different diameters and weights of table tennis balls on the speed and rotation of the ball. The conclusion of the experiment is: the ball with large diameter is slower than the ball with small diameter, and the rotation is weaker than the ball with small diameter; the ball with the same diameter, the ball with large weight and elasticity is faster than the ball with small weight and elasticity, and the rotation is stronger than the ball with small weight and elasticity.

In 1997, during the 44th World Table Tennis Championships, the first test of big balls was held, but the impact was not big, and in the spring of 1998, Suzhou International Table Tennis "Big Balls" Tournament, proposed by Xu Yinsheng, was held to make the second test. The Chinese Table Tennis Association took the initiative to bear the expenses for the trial match in Suzhou. At the beginning of this year, another international tournament was held in Copenhagen, Denmark to test the big ball.

In 1999, during the forty-fifth World Series in Davie, the FIBT Congress, the "Big Ball Reform" proposal was shelved due to the lack of a three-fourths majority, with 84 of the 124 members voting in favor of the proposal, 30 against it, and 10 abstaining. Shalala, then the new FIBA president, said that some delegates had abstained or voted against the reform because they did not understand its implications, and that he would do his part to explain and persuade them.

On February 23, 2000, the FIDE Extraordinary General Assembly and Congress in Kuala Lumpur adopted the reform of the 40mm ball, deciding that from October 1, 2000, that is, after the Sydney Olympics, table tennis matches would be played with a large ball of 40mm in diameter and 2. 7 grams in weight, replacing the small 38mm ball.

Table tennis is played in a variety of different styles and with a variety of tactics. Regardless of the style of play and the variety of tactics, there are four basic elements of table tennis technique: power, speed, spin, and point of impact.

Strength acts on the ball through its forward speed and the strength of its spin. If you are attacking the ball with a hard snap, so that your opponent can't catch it well, then you need to play with power. If you are intensifying the intensity of spin, either by creating topspin or bottomspin, then you must grind the ball hard.

In order to minimize the opponent's preparation time, you must grasp the ball and try to return it to the opponent's face in the shortest and fastest time, so that the opponent is caught off-guard, which is speed.

In order to increase the difficulty of the other side to hit back, you can also create a variety of rotating ball, forcing the other side to return to the ball after the error "out of the chance" ball, which is the rotation.

Ping Pong is not big, to make their own hit over the ball more powerful, must mobilize the opponent before and after, left and right movement or running. So it is important to talk about the landing point.

Therefore, power, speed, rotation, landing point are the basic factors of table tennis technology.

Where did table tennis come from?

In 1890, a few British naval officers stationed in India found that playing tennis on a small table was quite ***. Later, they changed to use a small hollow ball instead of the elasticity of the solid ball, and with a wooden board instead of a net racket, on the table for this novel "tennis", which is the origin of the name table tennis.

Table tennis became a popular sport soon after it appeared, and in the early 1900s, table tennis sets began to be manufactured in the United States. Originally, table tennis was known by other names, such as Indoor tennis, but an American manufacturer coined the word ping-pong after the sound it made when it was hit, and trademarked his patented "ping-pong" ball. Ping-pong later became another official name for table tennis. When it reached China, the word "ping-pong" was coined.

Table tennis began in England in the late 19th century. At that time, there were some college students in England, indoors to the dining room table as a ball table, with a book or two high-backed chairs hung on a line as a ball net, using cork or rubber made of the ball to lambskin paper pasted into the long-handled oval hollow ball racket, in the table will be the ball hit to and fro. Originally, this game was not called "ping-pong", but "Flim-Flam" (Flim-Flam), also known as "Goossie" (Goossie).

Around 1890, James Gibb, a retired cross-country runner from England, brought back celluloid balls from the United States as toys, and had the idea of replacing cork and rubber balls with these small balls. At that time, it was called "ping-pong" because it simulated the sound of a ping-pong ball when it was hit by a lamb's skin paper ball, which was used all over the world, and when the ball touched the table. Later, it was also called "table tennis" (tabie tennis).