Tunpu houses in Yunfeng Tunpu Cultural Scenic Area

The biggest feature of Tunpu folk houses is the extensive use of stone.

A house is a stone castle, a village is a pure stone city, a camp is a whole that defends against enemies, and the residents of the camp are each cell that makes up this whole. They can form separate formations and support each other.

Neighbors not only ensure the privacy and security of each house, but also maintain the necessary connections between families.

The Tunbao architecture utilizes stone craftsmanship to the extreme. Looking down from the top, you will see a patchwork of white.

When you walk into Tunpu Village, you will see stone tile roofs, stone houses, stone streets, stone walls, stone rollers, stone mills, stone mill nests, and stone vats.

The residents of Tunpu are a world of stone.

The buildings of the residents are built into courtyards, which have the characteristics of Jiangnan courtyards and the layout of East China courtyards, but the most prominent feature is the fully enclosed layout.

Residential buildings are divided into the front door, the main room, and the wing room. The front door is in the shape of a majestic figure eight, with huge stone hooks on both sides, supporting the exquisitely carved door head, which is carved with hanging columns or masks and other decorations.

The main house is tall and majestic, with many patterns symbolizing good luck and good fortune carved on the wooden window lattice and door.

The side rooms are built close to the two sides of the main room. There are inverted seats in the front, forming a four-in-one building, and a patio in the middle. The patio is made of one-foot-thick stones and has water leaks carved with ancient coins around it.

The stone-built Tunbao residents have a strong military flavor. The alleys inside the village are interconnected and criss-cross, and the alleys lead directly to the streets in the village, forming a defense system that combines points, lines, and surfaces.

There are smaller windows on the wall next to the alley, which can not only let in light, but also form deep gun holes all over the alley.

The low stone gate has a military function of one man guarding the gate and preventing ten thousand people from opening it.

All this shows the architectural composition needed for war at that time and the thinking of military preparation.

Nowadays, many crenellations and forts remain in Tunbao Village.

The living fossil of drama - Tunpu Di Opera Di Opera, commonly known as Tiao Shen, evolved from the original branch of Nang Wu, Jun Nan. It is popular in Tunpu villages and is an ancient opera that integrates local opera, worship and entertainment.

According to the "Continued Revision of Anshun Prefecture Chronicles": The people in central Guizhou came from other provinces. After the opening of Caolai, they became more accustomed to comfort. After a long time, their military preparations gradually declined. How can peace be maintained forever?

Know the worry.

Therefore, there is an act of dancing to the gods, which is used to practice martial arts, so as not to be unfamiliar, and it has the profound meaning of integrating soldiers into farmers.

So far, it is still popular in Anshun.

Tunpu people use the open space in front of the village or in the village as a stage, and use the honest, rough and natural open-air singing method to perform "The Conferment of the Gods" and "The Struggle between Chu and Han" using the artistic techniques of singing, reading, acting and playing.

, "Three Kingdoms", "Xue Gang's Rebellion against the Tang Dynasty", "Jingzhong Biography" and other ancient Chinese historical stories and myths about loyalty.

The actors wear wooden masks with simple and exaggerated faces on their foreheads. They wear long robes, small flags on their backs, and war skirts tied around their waists. They hold wooden daggers and spears, and sing in the original Yiyang tune, with only gongs and drums playing.

One person speaks, and with the accompaniment of everyone singing, the characters change time and space. Three or five steps represent thousands of rivers and mountains, bamboo whips represent gold and iron horses, tables and chairs symbolize mountain fortresses, and the fighting and blocking of rising, opening, and closing.

The combination of virtual and real in the fighting of fighting, fighting, turning and fleeing, with both form and spirit, produces a very ancient war scene with drums beating to advance the troops and gold coins withdrawing, thus forming the unique artistic charm of Tunbao opera, which is called a living fossil in the history of drama.

He has performed in France, Spain, Japan and other countries, causing a sensation, and is expected to be admitted to international prestigious venues.

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Living history - Tunpu clothing The clothing of Tunpu people is mainly reflected on women. Their attire is usually wide clothes with big sleeves, long coats and knee-length robes.

The collar, cuffs, and edges of the front placket are all inlaid with flowing embroidery patterns, and the waist is tied with brocade ribbons hanging at both ends from the bend of the knees.

The long hair is pulled into a round net covering the back of the head, with hostas and other jewelry on it.

The difference between a woman's marriage and whether she is married is: unmarried girls wear long braids; married people need to shave their foreheads and trim their eyebrows in addition to pulling up their hair.

Women's attire often also includes earrings, bracelets, rings, muffs, long round skirts, and high-top single-hook crested cloth shoes made by embroidering, patching, engraving, inlaying, and rolling.

Nowadays, this kind of dress can only be seen on the stage in other places, but in Tunpu, it is worn in daily life. Its costumes, weddings, funerals and festivals have more unique charm.

The clothes and shoes among the funerary objects unearthed from the tomb of King Minghuang excavated in 1993 are almost the same in size and pattern as the wide-sleeved and bordered blouses and embroidered phoenix shoes worn by the women in Leitun and Tunbao in the Yunshan area of ??Anshun today.

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The costumes of women in Tunpu are living fossils of folk archaeological tourism and living history.

Portable and easy-to-storage food - Tunpu food. Tunpu people have a wide variety of traditional foods, from glutinous rice cakes, cakes, and rice dumplings as staple foods, to bacon, sausages, blood tofu, dried salted vegetables, dried tempeh, and glutinous rice as non-staple foods.

Spicy peppers, etc., all have the characteristics of long-term storage and easy collection.

The food culture of the Tunpu people originated from the army. In the fierce confrontation between conquest and counter-conquest, exercise was inevitable. There were many inconveniences in the turbulent war life. Among them, what to eat became a nerve-wracking problem, so they put it into practice.

The main dishes are salted, smoked and grilled, making them easy to store and carry.

These foods were specially made by their ancestors to meet the needs of war and migration, and have been passed down to this day.

Nowadays, every household in Tunpu has the habit of making Kang bacon, blood tofu and sausage, which are indispensable dishes for attracting distinguished guests.