What is the problem of realizing the transformation from traditional government affairs to e-government?

With the in-depth development of the five-in-one overall layout of China's political construction, economic construction, cultural construction, social construction and ecological civilization construction, smart government affairs are playing an increasingly important role in fulfilling the government's functions of economic regulation, market supervision, social management, public service and social emergency, and are playing an increasingly prominent role in improving the party's ruling ability and the government's social governance ability, deepening the reform of administrative management system, and promoting sustainable economic and social development, especially since the country put forward the strategy of strengthening the country by network. To this end, China should deepen the reform of smart government affairs, constantly adapt to the new situation, plan new ideas, put forward new ideas, build new models, explore new ways, meet new demands and create a new normal.

First, project-oriented to problem-oriented.

The development of smart government affairs is easy to fall into misunderstanding: it is oriented by engineering construction, and it is believed that simplifying examination and approval and accelerating the construction of a large number of information systems can better improve the government's ability to perform its duties. This project-oriented construction model can't highlight the key points and enhance the pertinence and effectiveness of smart government construction according to the main contradictions in the stage of economic and social development. At present, the construction of smart government affairs must adhere to the problem-oriented and establish a demand-oriented construction mechanism. Taking the demand of social management and public service as the goal, and effectively improving the government's ability to perform duties as the starting point, we will rationally plan smart government construction projects, effectively improve the ability and level of social management and public service, and further improve the timeliness, standardization and authority of public service.

Second, decentralized construction has changed to intensive construction.

For a long time, the construction of smart government lacks top-level design, and the phenomenon of decentralization, low level and repeated investment is widespread. According to statistics, during the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period, the average proportion of departments with independent computer rooms in provincial and sub-provincial cities, prefectures and counties was 70%, 32% and 22% respectively. The proportion of decentralized construction of government websites at the provincial, prefectural, district and county levels is 78%, 32% and 30% respectively. The infrastructure construction of smart government is seriously dispersed, and the extensive construction mode has not been fundamentally curbed, which brings various difficulties to the interconnection of business systems, information sharing and business collaboration. Therefore, it is urgent to strengthen the overall coordination of planning, construction and operation of smart government, accelerate the transformation from extensive and inefficient decentralized construction to intensive and efficient coordinated development, and from independent construction and self-contained system of departments to cross-departmental and cross-regional business collaboration and information sharing.

Third, government monopoly leads to social governance.

The "Decision" of the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee proposed: to speed up the formation of a scientific and effective social governance system. The subjects involved in "governance" include various power departments, public departments, and various enterprises and social organizations. They are equal in the process of participating in state and social affairs. "Social governance" makes up for the limitation of the connotation of "social management" and enables the social governance system to innovate and expand. Smart government is the information reflection of social governance model, and the construction model of smart government should always adapt to and serve the change and evolution of social governance model.

1, standardize the social construction mechanism, and build a social governance model with the government leading as one body and the extensive participation of enterprises and society as two wings.

2, standardize the supervision and guarantee mechanism, regulate the rights, responsibilities and interests of participants.

3. Encourage the government to purchase services and make full use of social resources. Accelerate the formation of a unified and effective platform and mechanism for purchasing services, clarify the catalogue of government purchasing services, clarify the types, nature and contents of government purchasing services, establish a relatively perfect system for government purchasing services, and accelerate the transformation from government independent guidance to social governance.

Fourth, from data independence to data openness and enjoyment.

According to statistics, the government owns as much as 80% of the total social information resources, but the proportion of horizontal interaction between 80 private networks involved in 38 ministries and commissions surveyed by relevant departments is less than 0. 1%. This kind of data embarrassment depicts the increasing data barriers faced by government data enjoyment: the government business data has increased by an order of magnitude, but there are huge differences in technical standards, development environment and system architecture of various business systems, which objectively creates technical barriers for government departments to enjoy data. In the era of big data, it is necessary to completely eliminate the constraints of data sharing and business collaboration.

1, open data. It is necessary to plan the task book, timetable and roadmap of government data opening as soon as possible, and promote the institutionalization, standardization, proceduralization and legalization of data opening.

2. Implement the data sharing mechanism, clarify the rights, responsibilities and interests of data, and ensure the authenticity, vividness and authority of data according to the principle of "one number and one source".

3. Accelerate the formulation of application specifications and technical standards, and open up heterogeneous business systems with the help of information technology and means.

Fifth, data support helps leaders make decisions.

From the development process, the smart government in China has experienced the development stages of office automation, a series of "golden" projects, government access to the Internet and "three networks and one database". With the development of smart government, the research, design, project establishment and construction of key information system projects such as social security, social security, electronic port, social credit, food and drug supervision, emergency command, intelligent transportation, environmental protection and safety supervision have been continuously carried out. Although these information systems ensure the office, management and coordination within departments to a great extent, how to effectively integrate and utilize relevant business systems and information resources of various departments, improve business application systems such as comprehensive analysis, overall coordination, supervision and inspection, and provide comprehensive, accurate and timely information services for leadership decision-making has become increasingly urgent in the era of big data. At present, these information systems need to integrate the smart government network, focus on improving the application level and giving full play to the system efficiency, deepen the application of smart government, promote the interconnection, information sharing, business collaboration and resource integration of application systems, build a smart government-assisted decision-making system in line with China's national conditions, improve the government's macro-management and scientific decision-making ability, and accelerate the process of government information-assisted decision-making.

VI. Performing government functions and providing public services.

For a long time, the construction of smart government affairs has been mainly promoted from the perspective of internal government demand. The main consideration is how to facilitate supervision, and the consideration of people's needs is obviously not enough. The central government's proposal on formulating the Twelfth Five-Year Plan for national economic and social development puts forward that to protect and improve people's livelihood, it is necessary to gradually improve the basic public service system that is in line with national conditions, relatively perfect, covering urban and rural areas and sustainable, improve the government's guarantee ability and promote the equalization of basic public services. Through the construction of smart government, social security, basic medical care, public health, basic education, affordable housing and public * * * safe smart government service facilities will be built, and government functional departments at all levels will be promoted to innovate, optimize and improve public * * * services, and public * * * services will be continuously electronic, so that smart government can be standardized and automated in process, improve service efficiency, and be transformed into effective final delivery results for the public.

Seven, the traditional model to the emerging form of change.

As an emerging technology, the potential value of the Internet of Things, cloud computing, smart cities and big data has been gradually tapped, and the attention has been continuously improved. The Outline of the Twelfth Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development of the People's Republic of China points out that we should vigorously promote the construction of national smart government, promote the research and development of key technologies of the Internet of Things and the application demonstration in key areas, and strengthen the construction of cloud computing service platforms; The National Informatization Development Strategy for 2006-2020 points out that a smart government service system combining various technical means. In 20 13, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology completed the mid-term evaluation of the 12th Five-Year Plan and made appropriate adjustments. At present, the 13 th Five-Year Plan for Cloud Computing has also been launched. In the future development, the smart government should continue to take scientific and technological progress and innovation as an important support to accelerate development, and further expand government information sources, build ways to integrate heterogeneous information resources, improve the utilization efficiency of government information resources, deepen business applications, expand service scope and improve service quality with the help of new technologies such as Internet of Things, cloud computing, smart cities and big data.

Eight, the core technology and equipment localization

At present, the scale of information technology industry in China is constantly expanding and the industrial system is gradually improving. However, on the whole, the share of domestic equipment is low, the gap between core equipment is obvious, and the potential strategic risks, data leakage risks and intelligence monitoring risks seriously threaten information security and even national security. After the "Prism Gate" incident, information security has been promoted to an important height, and "going to IOE" has become a knowledge in many fields. In this context, the curtain of localization of smart government equipment in China government has been officially opened, and the research on basic information technologies such as domestic chips, operating systems, databases and middleware is expected to accelerate, and the new ideas of application traction, platform reconfiguration and phased implementation will be fully rolled out. Jin Peng Information Wisdom Government Affairs Software