Clean selection and processing points of licensed pharmacist 20 17 Chinese medicine

In order to help the majority of candidates prepare for the exam efficiently, the column of Licensed Pharmacist selected and recommended "Licensed Pharmacist 20 17", hoping to help the majority of candidates.

Purpose requirement

(1) Master the operation methods of various cleaning treatments;

Familiar with the purpose and significance of network selection;

(3) Understand the working principle of various equipment used for cleaning treatment.

The purpose of the first section cleaning treatment

[Han] Zhang Zhongjing's Jade Letter "Either the flesh must go, or the flesh must go, or the roots must go, and the flowers must be solid. According to the party, picking and cutting are extremely clean. " ? [The theory of incorruptible system was gradually perfected from Ming Dynasty to Qing Dynasty]

Cleaning: Before cutting, processing, blending and processing Chinese medicinal materials, designated medicinal parts should be selected to remove non-medicinal parts, impurities, foreign bodies, moldy products, moth-eaten products, ash chips, etc. To meet the requirements of medicinal purity.

The medicinal parts of Ephedra sinica were separated, the roots were removed, the Amomum tsaoko was peeled, the lotus seeds were removed, and the lentils were peeled, so as to distinguish the parts with different functions and make them play a better role.

Grading ~ screening and grading the drug size at the same time.

→ It is convenient to control the process quality when preparing fire and water, ensure uniform processing and prevent too much and too little. Pinellia ternate, Atractylodes macrocephala, Chuanxiong, Aconitum, Aconitum carmichaeli, etc.

Remove non-medicinal parts: remove parts with poor quality (rough bark of Magnolia officinalis and myrobalan nucleus), parts with high toxicity (snake head of Agkistrodon acutus) and parts with strong side effects (hairy loquat leaves).

→ It is convenient for accurate dispensing and ensures the safety and effectiveness of the preparation.

Removal of impurities, foreign bodies, etc. : Remove mud and sand impurities, moth-eaten and moldy products mixed in the process of collection, processing, transportation and storage.

Section 2 Removal of Impurities

Most Chinese herbal medicines come from nature, and they will be mixed with mud and sand, residual branches, sawdust, variant medicinal materials and so on in the process of growth/collection/processing/transportation/storage. Impurities and foreign bodies must be removed manually or mechanically.

Selection: refers to the removal of impurities by manual selection.

Object → ① Non-medicinal part;

(2) impurities visible to the naked eye [sawdust, gravel, weeds, branches, eggs, rat droppings, etc. ] not suitable for other methods to clear;

(3) Rotting and moth-eaten medicinal materials; (4) according to the size and thickness, personally choose grading.

Screening: according to the different volumes of drugs and impurities, different specifications of sieves and Luo are selected and screened to remove impurities.

Object → ① Impurities with large volume difference with drugs;

(2) residue and residual auxiliary materials;

③ Use sieves of different sizes to classify drugs.

Wind separation: according to the different proportions of drugs and impurities, impurities are removed by wind.

Object → Impurities that differ greatly from the quality of drugs.

Water separation: washing with water to remove impurities, or using the different specific gravity of drugs and impurities, removing impurities with the help of buoyancy of water, and separating non-medicinal parts. When selecting water, be careful not to soak it in water for too long to avoid losing its efficacy.

Object → ① Soil salt [such as cicada slough and seaweed] attached to the surface or inside of drugs;

(2) Flotation of drugs and non-medicinal parts [such as the separation of Ziziphus jujuba seeds and cores].

●→ For impurities with different properties, the above methods should be used in combination. Such as removing large impurities, sieving floating soil, washing internal soil with water, and blowing weeds away by wind.

Section 2 Removal of Impurities

Most Chinese herbal medicines come from nature, and they will be mixed with mud and sand, residual branches, sawdust, variant medicinal materials and so on in the process of growth/collection/processing/transportation/storage. Impurities and foreign bodies must be removed manually or mechanically.

Selection: refers to the removal of impurities by manual selection.

Object → ① Non-medicinal part;

(2) impurities visible to the naked eye [sawdust, gravel, weeds, branches, eggs, rat droppings, etc. ] not suitable for other methods to clear;

(3) Rotting and moth-eaten medicinal materials; (4) according to the size and thickness, personally choose grading.

Screening: according to the different volumes of drugs and impurities, different specifications of sieves and Luo are selected and screened to remove impurities.

Object → ① Impurities with large volume difference with drugs;

(2) residue and residual auxiliary materials;

③ Use sieves of different sizes to classify drugs.

Wind separation: according to the different proportions of drugs and impurities, impurities are removed by wind.

Object → Impurities that differ greatly from the quality of drugs.

Water separation: washing with water to remove impurities, or using the different specific gravity of drugs and impurities, removing impurities with the help of buoyancy of water, and separating non-medicinal parts. When selecting water, be careful not to soak it in water for too long to avoid losing its efficacy.

Object → ① Soil salt [such as cicada slough and seaweed] attached to the surface or inside of drugs;

(2) Flotation of drugs and non-medicinal parts [such as the separation of Ziziphus jujuba seeds and cores].

●→ For impurities with different properties, the above methods should be used in combination. Such as removing large impurities, sieving floating soil, washing internal soil with water, and blowing weeds away by wind.

Section IV Other Handling

① Crushing: Some drugs are not easy to cut because of their special or tiny shapes, so they must be crushed or mashed to make preparations in order to give full play to their curative effects.

Traditionally, there is a saying that "everything must be pounded" and "everything must be pounded".

Mineral ochre, native copper, keel, magnet, etc.

Crustacean tortoise shell, pangolin, oyster, etc.

Fruit seeds include mustard seed, radish seed, xanthium sibiricum and Amomum villosum.

Roots and rhizomes include Bulbus Fritillariae Cirrhosae, Rhizoma Pinelliae Preparata, Pearl Ginseng, Radix Notoginseng, etc.

(2) Velvet-making: some medicines are ground into velvet to ease the medicinal properties (ephedra velvet has the function of relieving exterior sweating) or facilitate the application of moxa sticks and the preparation of moxa sticks or moxa sticks for moxibustion.

(3) Mixing: Wet the medicine with water to make the auxiliary materials stick to the surface of the medicine evenly, and dry it in the air, which can play a certain medicinal role.

Mixed cinnabar coat: it can enhance the effect of calming the heart and calming the nerves, such as Poria, Polygalae and Ophiopogon japonicus.

Mixing indigo clothes: mixing indigo clothes with rushes can play a role in clearing away heat and cooling the liver.

4 kneading dough: some soft and silky drugs need to be kneaded into dough for easy preparation. The printing time of the licensed pharmacist's admission ticket is 20 17, such as bamboo shavings, fine grains, lotus leaves and mulberry leaves.