The main achievements of educational psychology

Confucius (China Chunqiu): "No anger, no anger, no worry, no anger" inspires the principle of induction; The moral cultivation method of "determination for pleasure"; "Never tire of learning, never tire of teaching" as a teacher. Emphasize loyalty, filial piety and kindness. The syllabus is "erudite writing, making a pact with ceremony" and six arts (ceremony, music, shooting, imperial, calligraphy and number). Pay attention to teaching students in accordance with their aptitude, and the basic methods are inspiration and induction. Viewpoint is a unified process of learning, thinking and doing.

Xueji is the earliest and most complete educational work in the world. "Tao collar, force collar, open collar" (enlightenment principle). "Don't wait to learn", "Do without paying attention to the festival" and "Do without grandchildren, you will be chaotic without repairing" (the principle of gradual progress).

Quintilian (ancient Rome): The Principles of Men's and Women's Books is the earliest educational theory work in ancient western countries. Three-stage learning method of imitation, theory and practice.

Comenius (Czech Republic): The theory of great teaching is considered to be the first educational work with scientific form in the history of world education. The representative figure of subject-centered curriculum theory. All knowledge begins with sensory perception, so we advocate physics teaching and intuitive teaching. He praised teachers as the most glorious profession in the world.

Herbart (Germany): The main educational idea is to advocate teacher center, teaching material center and classroom center. Demonstrated the "educational principle of teaching". Put forward the four-stage theory of teaching process-clarity, association, system and method; A subject curriculum system based on interest is proposed. It is the representative of traditional educational theory. The representative figure of subject-centered curriculum theory. It is clearly stated that "teaching is always educational". Traditional education schools.

Ushinski (Russian): People are the object of education. Review is the mother of learning (consolidating principles).

Dewey (USA): founded the pragmatic education theory, and his masterpiece Democracy and Education. Advocate "children-centered, children's activities as the center, learning by doing". College of modern education. Activity-centered curriculum theory was put forward in the early 20th century. Five-step teaching method: difficulties (finding difficulties), questions (asking questions), assumptions (making assumptions), verification (inferring assumptions) and conclusion (testing assumptions and drawing conclusions).