In the Song Dynasty, there was a poem describing the Dragon Boat Festival, which said that "corn millet is covered with gold, calamus with jade". What does "corn millet" mean?

For example, during the Dragon Boat Festival in the Song Dynasty, there were many customs, including "corn covered with gold and calamus covered with jade". So what customs do these two sentences specifically refer to?

If we want to discuss this issue, we can also take "corn covered with gold, calamus covered with jade" as the starting point, go deep into the poem itself, and appreciate the custom of the Dragon Boat Festival in the Southern Song Dynasty from the records in the poem.

Why the Southern Song Dynasty? Because "corn is covered with gold, calamus with jade" comes from the word "Qi Tianle Dragon Boat Festival" written by Yang Wuxia, a poet in the Southern Song Dynasty. The exact words are as follows:

Shut up, Huang Meiyu. Extraordinary side and every five. Corn is covered with gold, calamus is full of jade, and the scenery is still beautiful. Shirt Ai Hu. Zhu Fu has more curly hair and red thunder on his arm. Float powder and fragrant cotton, call the wind silk to fan the small window at noon.

Shen has gone far away, so he advises you to stop drinking and get nostalgic. It's better to whisper warblers and knock on the elephant board slowly than to read the chapters of Li Sao. The darkness of lotus fragrance. Gradually introduced to Tao Tao, intoxicated in the depths. Listen to the river head and draw a boat drum.

Yang Wuxia (1097—1171), a native of Qingjiang, Jiangxi Province (now Zhangshu, Jiangxi Province), lived in Nanchang and was a famous painter and calligrapher in the Southern Song Dynasty.

This word was written by the poet Yang Wuqie when he spent the Dragon Boat Festival in a foreign country. This can be seen from the title.

When he saw the rain outside the window, his sadness increased invisibly. The word "Yang Wuxia" comes from Meiyu, and the scene of rain also sets a melancholy tone for the word.

I am a lonely stranger in a strange land, and I miss my family more often during the holidays. These two poems by Wang Wei show the feelings of a wanderer who can live in a foreign country and miss his family more than ever during the festive season. Isn't that what the poet Yang Wuxia is like?

During the Dragon Boat Festival, poets in different places will inevitably miss home. At this time, the poet lived in Jinshui (now southwest of Wuchang, Hubei), so when the annual Dragon Boat Festival came, his heart was full of the flavor of the year.

Dragon Boat Festival arrived as scheduled. Although it is in the rainy season, people still decorate the festival with various customs. This is the scene of "corn covered with gold, calamus covered with jade, and the scenery is still beautiful".

It turns out that "Jiao Su" is the ancient name of Zongzi. At first, it was wrapped with leaves of Zizania latifolia and made into horns, which were called "corn millet".

According to Li Shizhen's Compendium of Materia Medica in the Ming Dynasty, millet was wrapped in leaves and cooked into food in the shape of sharp horns or palm leaves, so it was called "horn millet" or "zongzi".

As a traditional food, "corn millet" is often combined with beautiful legends. Legend has it that "corn millet" was originally used as a sacrifice to commemorate Qu Yuan. In traditional festivals in China, the fifth day of the fifth lunar month is the annual Dragon Boat Festival. It is said that on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month, Qu Yuan jumped into the Miluo River. In order to commemorate Qu Yuan, people set this day as a day to commemorate him.

The real name of "Dragon Boat Festival" is "Dragon Boat Festival", which means the beginning. Because people think that May is an evil month and the fifth day is an evil day, they avoid May, so they change May to noon. Dragon Boat Festival was recorded as early as the early Western Zhou Dynasty. This is not a festival to commemorate Qu Yuan, but some customs after the Dragon Boat Festival have been influenced by Qu Yuan.

During the Southern and Northern Dynasties in China, Liang Guozong Gu wrote Chronicles of Jingchu, which is a collection of notes recording the stories about the Chu Dynasty in ancient China (centered on Jianghan). This book records 24 festivals and customs from New Year's Day to New Year's Eve.

It is recorded that the custom of the Dragon Boat Festival is like this: On the fifth day of May, people from all walks of life go out for an outing. There is also a game called "Hundred Flowers Fight". On this day, people will pick fresh wormwood and tie it together and hang it on the gate or door.

On the fifth day of May, people also tie their arms with five-color silk fabrics, which is called "ice ice". People also embroider all kinds of articles with clear stripes and give them to each other; Of course, the Chronicle of Jingchu Age also records the custom of competing for miscellaneous drugs during the Dragon Boat Festival.

After talking about "Bao Jinyu Rice", let's talk about "calamus is full of jade". Acorus calamus is an aquatic plant, which can extract aromatic oil and has fragrance. There is a custom of tying calamus leaves and wormwood together and inserting them under the eaves during the Dragon Boat Festival. The rhizome of Acorus calamus can also be used as spice.

Acorus calamus got its name because it felt the breath of spring earlier than other plants. Acorus calamus, which is full of green and grows by the water. Transplanting Acorus calamus into a flowerpot and putting it in the living room will make the whole room full of vitality. People have loved this vibrant plant since ancient times.

"Corned millet wrapped in gold", made into angular jiaozi, wrapped in golden millet, jiaozi is thick and fragrant; Qingming calamus, slim and graceful, adorns the Dragon Boat Festival. It can be seen that in the Southern Song Dynasty when Yang Wuxia lived, the custom of "corn covered with gold and calamus covered with jade" was still popular in Jingchu area.

Then the poet wrote, "Shirt Cut Ai Hu. These words are about some local customs of celebrating the Dragon Boat Festival: people tie mugwort leaves and calamus into various shapes and hang them in front of the door, and some even put mugwort leaves in their clothes.

According to the Chronicle of Southern Song Dynasty Miscellaneous Notes, the custom of Kaifeng Dragon Boat Festival in Northern Song Dynasty: "Dragon Boat Festival people painted statues of Tianshi for sale, made of clay, with Ai as the head and garlic as the fist, and placed them on the door."

It can also be seen from this point that this custom, which was popular among Kaifeng people in the Northern Song Dynasty, was still popular in the Southern Song Dynasty, where the poet lived, and continued to Jingchu area far away from Kaifeng, which is also a widely accepted embodiment of China traditional culture in the dissemination.

The last paragraph is the Dragon Boat Festival that the poet saw in a foreign country. At the beginning of the next movie, the poet wrote, "Shen is gone, so I advise you to stop drinking and miss the past." In a soothing tone, the poet warned people not to drink alcohol during the Dragon Boat Festival, and read more of Qu Yuan's Li Sao.

This is a sexy portrayal of a literati from the heart. He thinks that this day is a day to commemorate Qu Yuan, and something more memorable should be done. He mentioned Qu Yuan's Li Sao, and there was a feeling of nostalgia between the lines.

"Lotus fragrance. Gradually introduced to Tao Tao, drunk in the depths of my hometown. " The poet just wants to read Li Sao quietly on such a day, and only wants to fall asleep with the lyrics. This makes us think that the poet is in a bad mood because he lives in a foreign country, especially missing his hometown during the Dragon Boat Festival, so he has no mind to watch the warm racing scene.

Dragon boat race is a typical symbolic culture of Dragon Boat Festival. Huang Gongshao, a poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, wrote in the word "Celebrating the Dragon Boat Festival": "If you stop at night, it will suddenly rise." It can be seen that dragon boat race has become a very popular holiday custom in Jingchu area.

The meaning of "Wojiangtou painting boat drum" came to an abrupt end in such an intriguing atmosphere. The poet just wants to rest early, just want to listen quietly to the sound of gongs and drums in the dragon boat race from the river.

Well, the lyrics have also been interpreted. In the interpretation, there is also a simple explanation of the Dragon Boat Festival custom "corn is covered with gold, calamus is covered with jade". I hope my answer can help you.