What is the function of suspension?

Suspension is the general name of all the force-transmitting connecting devices between automobile frame (or load-bearing body) and axle (or wheel). Its function is to transmit the force and torque acting between the wheel and the frame, buffer the impact force transmitted to the frame or body by the uneven road surface, and reduce the vibration caused thereby, so as to ensure the smoothness of automobile driving.

Suspension is an important assembly in an automobile, which connects the frame and the wheels flexibly and is related to the performance of the automobile. From the appearance, the automobile suspension is only composed of some rods, tubes and springs, but don't think it is simple. On the contrary, automobile suspension is an automobile assembly that is difficult to meet the perfect requirements. This is because the suspension needs to meet the requirements of automobile comfort and handling stability, which are opposite to each other. For example, in order to achieve good comfort, it is necessary to greatly cushion the vibration of the car, so the spring should be designed to be soft. However, if the spring is soft, it is easy to cause the car to "nod" and accelerate "head up", which is not conducive to the steering of the car and easily leads to unstable handling of the car.

A typical suspension structure consists of elastic elements, guiding mechanisms and shock absorbers, while a single structure also includes buffer blocks and lateral stabilizer bars. The elastic elements are leaf spring, air spring, spiral spring and torsion bar spring, while modern automobile suspensions mostly use spiral spring and torsion bar spring, and some high-class cars use air spring.