Traditional production and consumption is a closed-loop process, right?

traditional production and consumption are a closed-loop process, which is not right. Traditional production and consumption is not a completely closed-loop process. In the traditional production and consumption mode, producers produce goods and consumers buy goods, but a large number of wastes and pollutants will be produced in the process of production and consumption of goods, which will have a negative impact on the environment, leading to waste of resources and environmental pollution. Therefore, the traditional mode of production and consumption is not a completely closed-loop process, but a linear process, with one-way consumption of resources and one-way pollution of the environment.