What is the meaning of the term "literary language"?

1. What is literary language

Literary language" is relative to "vernacular language".

The first "文", means written text. "Wenyin", that is, written language, "Wenyin" is relative to the "oral language", "oral language" also called "vernacular". The last "文", meaning work, article, etc., indicates the type of writing.

The word "literary" means "writing in the written language". And "vernacular language" means: "written in the commonly used verbal language".

Vernacular language

In ancient China, to express the same thing, the oral language and written language to express, is different, for example, want to ask someone whether to eat, the oral language expression, is "eat? For example, if you want to ask someone if they have eaten, in oral language, it is "Have you eaten?", and in written language, it is "Have you eaten?". In verbal language, it is "Have you eaten? The word "饭否" is a literary expression. In the ancient times of our country, all articles were written in written language. Therefore, now we generally refer to the ancient language as "literary language."

The literary language is a treasure of Chinese culture, and the ancients have left us a large number of literary language. In China, the study of the language in the secondary school language curriculum is even more important.

Of course, the ancients of other countries also left a large number of literary texts.

What is literary language? What is the meaning of the literary language?

1. The literary language is wonderful. It is undoubtedly. It is the literary language that constitutes the bulk of traditional Chinese culture. This shows that the history of China's modern civilization is still very short, and deconstructing or interpreting traditional culture is still a necessity for modernization, because the inheritance of traditional wisdom is built on the correct interpretation of the literary language.

2. The literary language is knowledge. Right, because the literary language is no longer a language, it is purely words. But if the literary language is knowledge, the oracle bones are also knowledge, so why not learn the oracle bones? By the way, it is precisely because the oracle bones are more primitive scripts that the literary language is the basis for further study of the oracle bones and other traditional advanced scripts (studies).

3. The literary language is also skill. Chinese expression, depiction, combination, transformation, metaphorical style, laying comparison, deduction ...... in the expression of ideas fully carries the style of Han civilization. Mastery of the physical structure of the literary language, the understanding of modern Chinese is more sophisticated, the construction of the new Chinese will have a "law" to follow.

4. "Wenyinwen" is the opposite of "Baihuawen". The structure of the word is like this: literary-literary. The first "文" is "writing" and "言" is language. The word "literary" means "written language". It suggests two meanings: first, it specifies that literary language was originally a language; second, this language was later literalized. "The language that has been literalized also has two meanings: first, there can be a culture that has language but no writing, for example, most ethnic minorities only have language but no writing; and second, the function of the language has been withdrawn from the life, and has become history in the form of writing.

The literal meaning of "literary language" is: a style of language that has been literalized. The latter "文" refers to the literary style.

So what is the "future" of the literary language, except in archaeological research?

So what is the "future" of the literary language other than archaeological research, or what is the value of life? I think there is. In the traditional form of life faded out of the modern society, only people ignored some marginal areas of social life, resulting in the modern application of the language of doubt or neglect. For example, in religious construction, certain inscriptions will still be written in the literary language, still written in calligraphy and engraved using tools. This is also true for most applications of seal script.

Zooming in further, classical poetry belongs to the category of "literary language", and they are not far away from us in life. It is only in the form of language, after the literary phrase left the spoken word and became the written word, it is obvious that it has a real standardized requirement for the refinement of skills and the expansion of ideology. Its "future" lies in its application, and in its ability to awaken ambiguous etymologies and allusions. It can be said that the future looks good.

The term "literary language" can also encompass the cultural-historical interrelationship between language and text. In one form or another, once a language - including a dialect - is "literary" and written, that is, written, the charm of the language is diminished, and the function of the text is multiplied.

We can't help but have an illusion when we read literary texts: did people in ancient times speak like this? I think this can be "felt" by the difference in presentation between written and spoken language in the present tense, and there is no major difference between them in terms of structural rules. It can also be assumed that the ancients spoke only more freely than in the literary language, more vernacular colloquialisms, and "three words and two beats" can be used as a reference. As for now, when we read the literary text, it does not mean that we are repeating the speech of the ancients, but we are reciting or reading a style of text.

What you feel when you read a literary text is a great clarity of thought, as if you were occasionally reading the writings of Western philosophers, very much with the kind of solemnity that they deserve.

2. What 'for' means in the literary language

(为)

wéi

To do, to act, to do something: for a person. For the time. For the difficult. Not to be for oneself (not to go too far).

When doing, recognizing as doing: thought. To think. To take for granted.

Become: to be.

Is: ten taels for a pound.

To govern, to deal with: to be political.

Be: for the world to laugh at.

To show emphasis: to be greatly annoyed.

Auxiliary, expressing cross-examination or exclamation: the enemy has not yet been destroyed, why the family?

Surname.

for

(for)

wèi

for, to give: for the people. To do evil for the tiger. To sacrifice one's life for one's country.

Table purpose: in order to. Why.

To, to: not enough.

To help, to defend. I hope it can help you!

3. What is the meaning of the word for in Chinese as

(1) First-person pronouns: "I, I, Yu, I".

a They can all be used as definite, subject and object.

b "I" is usually used as a preterite object only in negative sentences,

c while "I" is usually used as an object in affirmative sentences.

d "朕 "means the same as "我 "in the pre-Qin period, but after the Qin dynasty, it was the emperor's own name.

(2) second person, there are "female (you), er, if".

a They can be used as subject, definite and object.

b "And, Nai" is usually used only as a definite article.

(3) Third person,

a "He" is not very frequent, usually as the subject, individually used as the object, but still indicative and contemptuous.

b "之、其" has a high occurrence, "之" is only used as object, "其" is only used as definite article.

(4) After the first and second personal pronouns, add "peer、senior、属、cao" to indicate the plural. For example, "No, if the genus are all captured."

4. What is the meaning of "for" in Chinese

Probably the following:

(1) To become, to turn into. Example: ①Why is this not a blessing? ①They were then changed to become loyal ministers.

(2) do. Example: ①The hard ones are easy to do. ② that is, write four lines of poetry, and their own name.

(3) as, as. Example: ① his poem to raise parents, collect the family as the intention, pass a countryside showman to view.

(4) is. Example: ① this is not far from the small and close to the big? ② until the hand touched, then know that it is a wall.

(5) thought, think. Example: ① who for you to know more! ② suddenly see, no one is not surprised as a living person. ③ steal for the great king not to take also!

(6) was. Example: ① Anniversary of the young, fierce and strong chivalry, for the township. (2) I died, his seal for the group of people to get.

(7) the end of the sentence, expressing doubt or cross-examination. Example: ① What is the order of the son? (3) Qin is not polite, why do you give it to me?

(8) refers to mental activity. Example: I tasted the heart of the ancient benevolent people, or different from the two for ...?

(9) have. Example: ① only its text is still recognizable as "Huashan". ② Dare to use is a complaint.

(10) future, will. Example: ① Dan day to entertain the soldiers, to break the Pei Gong army. ② The people said that I can alleviate the disaster with one act.

(11) governance. Example: ①And there are those who are in danger for the world, if so, and the top and bottom of the alarm? ② for the state does not make for the cumulative power of the move!

(12) pretend. Example: In order to remove the unclean, introduced.

(13) In order to. Example: ①will be the city saddle horse, from now on for the master of the expedition. ② Where the king's Bi Shi and operators, for the world also.

(14) to give, for. Example: ①The person one by one for the specific words heard, all sigh of regret. The first thing that I want to do is to make sure that I have a good understanding of what is happening in the world.

(15) to, to. Example: ① not enough for outsiders to say. ② for the world to sing, it is desirable to answer more. The first is that the world is not a place where people are not allowed to live, but a place where people are not allowed to live.

(16) Because. Example: ①Pan Geng not for the grievances so change their degree. ② not unwise also, for its unavailability and law.

(17) then "in", in, when. Example: For its coming also, I please tie a person over and walk.

5. What is the meaning of 文言文

1. Definition: 文言文 is a processed written language based on ancient Chinese.

文言文 is an ancient Chinese written language composed of articles, mainly including the written language based on the spoken language of the pre-Qin period. It is characterized by text-based writing, focusing on allusion, parallelism, and sound and rhythm, and includes a variety of styles such as catechisms, poems, lyrics, songs, bakufu, and ekphrasis.

2. Characteristics: The characteristics of the literary language: the separation of words, concise. The characteristics of the literary language, is relative to the vernacular (including spoken and written), mainly in grammar and vocabulary.

3. Structure: (1) judgment sentence The so-called judgment sentence is a sentence in which the subject is judged by a noun, pronoun or noun phrase as the predicate. Its common forms are as follows: 1) ." The ------ one is also ......" "The ...... one is also ......" "The ...... one is also ....... ...... also" "...... also" "...... also" "...... also" "...... also" "...... also... . who also" and other forms.

Such as: ① "Chen Shu, Yangcheng people also." (《史记. Chen Shibei Shiji") - Chen Sheng is a native of Yangcheng.

② "Though Cao is known as the Minister of Han, he is actually a traitor of Han." ("Ziji Tongjian") ③ Yi, the ancient good shooter.

("Guanzi - situation solution 64") ④ "four people, Luling Xiao Jungui Junyu, Changle Wang Hui deep father, the remaining brother of Anguo Ping father, An on pure father." (Wang Anshi, "Traveling to Mount Baochan") ⑤ Miso clang, Zhou Jing Wang's no shot.

2). The adverbs "乃"""即"""則"""皆"""是""诚"""為 "etc. are used to express judgment. For example: "This is the fall of the minister's service.

" ①I don't know what year it is in the sky.

This is the first time I've ever seen a woman in a public office.

This is the first time I've ever seen a movie in which I've had a chance to play.

This is the first time I've seen a movie in which I've seen a movie in which I've seen a movie.

3). The negative adverb "非" is used to express the negative. For example: "The six countries are broken, not the military unfavorable, the war is not good, the harm is in the bribery of Qin.

" ① high and recruited, the arm is not longer, and see far. The city is not not high, the pool is not not deep, the military leather is not not strong, the rice is not not much.

③ not hold the mountains to exceed the North Sea and so on. Passive Sentences In classical Chinese, there are some sentences in which the subject of the sentence is the bearer of the action, and this kind of sentence is a passive sentence.

Its common types are: 1) ."" See" "...... see ...... in" "于" 表被动。 Such as: "I often laugh at the generous family.

" ① I am afraid to see the king deceived. ② Qin City is afraid of not obtainable, in vain to see the deception.

③ Therefore, the internal confusion in Zheng Sleeve, external deception in Zhang Yi.

2) ."" For" "for ...... the" table passive. For example: "Parents and clans, all for the killing.

" ① and the death of the country, for the world to laugh. ② for the country do not make for the robbery of the cumulative power is not.

③ for I group from the gain.

Inverted Sentences The inverted sentences in Literary Chinese are relative to the sentence order of modern Chinese, based on which we categorize Literary inverted sentences into object preposition, definite article postposition, gerund postposition, and subject-verb inversion. 1). Object preposition The so-called object preposition is the component that usually acts as the object and is placed in front of the predicate verb for emphasis.

For example, the word "之" in "Michael's letter" is the object of the antecedent. There are four types of object prepositioning.

(1) In interrogative sentences, the interrogative pronoun is the object, and the object is prepositioned. Such as: "The king came to what fuck?" "Weiss people, I who with return?" (2) Negative sentence, the pronoun as the object, object preposition.

Such as: "The people of the ancient world are not more deceitful." (3) With the help of "之" and "是", the object is advanced.

Such as: "The sentence reading of not knowing, confused."" The only thing that you can do is to further your education is urgent, and you have not seen much of it.

" (4) the object in the preposition of the object phrase. For example, "Otherwise, how did the book get here?" 2). Postposition of the definite article Usually the definite article should be placed in front of the center word, but there are many sentences in the literary utterances that put the definite article after the center word.

For example: "The earthworm has no claws and teeth, sinews and bones, but it eats the earth above and drinks from the yellow spring below, and its heart is the same." In which the "sharp" and "strong" are postpositional determiners.

There are several cases of postposition of determiners in Chinese. (1) Use "之" to make the determiner postposition.

For example, "How many people are there in the four seas?" (2) Postposition of "the". For example, "A horse that travels thousands of miles can eat one meal or use up one stone of corn.

" 3). Postposition of gerunds In literary texts, prepositional structures as gerunds are often placed after the sentence as complements. For example, "于富者" is a prepositional phrase placed after the sentence as a complement.

4). Subject-verb inversion This is rare, often to express a strong exclamation. Such as: "Very much, thou art not favorable.

""Quickly, this wind."" "Beautiful, my young China.

" [Exercise] Judge the syntax in the following sentences. ① To protect the people and the king, there is nothing that can be done.

② The king is no different from the people of the people to the king for love. Omitted Sentences In literary texts, it is common to omit components, and a grasp of the omitted components can help to fully understand the meaning of the sentence.

Omitted sentences in the literary language usually have: 1). Omit the subject. (1) To carry on the previous province.

For example, "The wild of Yongzhou produces strange snakes, (the strange snakes) black in texture but white in chapter." (2) After the province.

Such as: "Pei Gong said Zhang Liang said: '(Gong) degree me to the army, Gong is into.'" (3) self-explanatory province.

Such as: "(I) love is the stream, into the two or three miles, (I) get its especially absolute home." (4) dialog province.

Such as: "(Mencius) said: 'Solitary music (yuè) music (lè), and people music (yuè) music (lè), who is happy (lè)?' (The king) said, 'Not as with others.'" 2). Omit the predicate.

e.g. "A drum is made, and then (drum), three (drum) and exhausted." 3). Omit the object.

e.g. "It can be burned and gone (of)." 4). Omit the prepositional object.

Such as: "After the public reading, that is to say, unraveling the sable over the raw, for (the) cover the household." 5). Omit the preposition "于".

Such as: "Now the chime is placed (in) the water, although the wind and waves can not be sounded." [Exercise] Add the omitted components in the following sentences.

① Ran tasted residence also, so the surname is the stream for Ran Xi. ② Therefore, Ximen Bao for the order of Yecheng, famous in the world.

③ The average of the two strategies, rather than allow to negative Qinqu.

④ All out of the flat land under the mountain, cover the upper out also.

Fixed structures 1), the fixed structure of the table question Commonly: naihe, if any, how, how as, nai......he, if......he, as (nai)......he, Who with, get no ...... hu, who if. For example: ①Take my jade, but not my city, why? (Lian Po Lin Xiang Ru Lianzhuan) ② my son to take its elk, in order to leisure my euphony, if what? ("The Battle of") ③ and not the same good, how? (Zuo Zhuan - The Duke of Qi Huan's Campaign Against Chu) ④ What if I laugh at a hundred steps with fifty steps? (※.

6. What is the meaning of what in the literary language

What:

To inquire about someone, something, or the nature of something in itself

What news you got from there

To inquire about something

To tell me what you're looking for

Imaginary reference to something that is not certain

Smell a kind of

Negative

What's he to you that you miss him

Chastisement

What are you laughing at?

Inquiring about possibilities not included in the word or series of words that precede it

Is this a reptile, an amphibian, or something else

Expressing surprise or excitement

What, no breakfast!

From "Baidu Chinese"

Interrogative pronoun. To express doubt.

Wang Dingbao of the Fifth Generation "Tang摭言-公荐"："Qizhang Gong began to come from between Jiang Huang, set the book bag in the country's east gate, with the industry first to visit the two public ...... Han began to see the question, and cover the volume to ask the question, said: 'And to clap why? '"

"Jingde Chuanluan Lantern Records - Fada Zen Master": "Zu and said: 'What is your name?' He said: 'Name Fada.'" Lu Xun "Scream - medicine": "Good fragrance! What kind of snacks are you eating?"

Li Guangtian, "<; Thirty Essays >; Preface": "If you ask what the meaning of these articles, barely, but also more or less reflect some aspects of the old society."

Interrogative pronoun. It indicates that there is no need, no need to.

Tang Lu Yan's poem "Advice to the World": "Clothes and food follow fate, naturally happy; considered very life, ask what divination?!"

Yuan Wu Ming's "earn Kuai Tong" fourth fold: "If it is the Han Emperor early to the book clearly surrender, Han Marshal from the people from the false deceive ...... I Kuai Che also cosmetic what wind magic, make what trick!" Such as: you say ah, pretend what mute!

From the "Baidu Encyclopedia" related entries.

7. What is the meaning of

will

Verb meaning:

1. The word "彡" is the same as "彡". According to broadcasting, it has many meanings. The original meaning is: to meet.

The word "broadcasting" is also called "radio". --Shuowen

It is also called "gathering". -- "Poetry -- Xiao Ya -- The Attack of the Vehicle"

The word "Jiang" means "near stop". -- "Poetry - Daya - Da Ming"

The words will be given to their coins. -- "Rites of Passage -- The Rites of Hire"

To meet the treasures of heaven and earth.

And then the world will be united. --Liu Zongyuan, "Treatise on Feudalism"

The migratory guests and the troupers, they mostly meet here.

2.

The time to meet is said to be meeting. -- "Zhou Li - Tai Zong Bo"

Meet in the but ground is said to meet. -- "The Book of the Ram -- The Tenth Year of Duke Huan"

Staying to make a legacy of Shi, on this day will be due.

The sound is clear and smooth, and it is deep in the heart of the woman. If the money will be money, will be money.

5, comprehend; comprehend.

6, should; should be required. Such as will be required: when shall; should. Will should: should be.

Noun meaning:

1. The lid of a vessel.

"Rites of Passage": the lid of the vessel is said to be will, for which the top and bottom fit together. --Shuowen-Hui - Duan Note

Dunqi Hui. -- "Rites of Passage - Shi funeral rites"

Ordered Zuo food to open the meeting. --Yi Li - Shi Yu Li

2. An assembly of a business, social, or other nature.

The meeting of the Yu Chang. -- "Han Shu - Li Guang Su Jian Biography"

To come to account for business. -- "The Records of the Grand Historian -- Chen Shibu Shiji"

The meeting was dismissed. -- "Ziji Tongjian"

3. Timing. As in the right time for the meeting.

4, a place where people gather; a major city - usually refers to the administrative center. Such as Aigaki: a provincial city; a metropolis.

5, for a certain purpose and the establishment of the group or group organization. Such as gangs, Huitong Hall: a place to receive envoys from various countries in the Ming Dynasty.

6, calamity; bad luck.

Hundred and six have a meeting, "over", "stripped" into a disaster.

7, folk a small-scale form of economic mutual assistance. Generally by the initiator of a number of people, on a period of equal payment, the first time by the initiator to use, and later by agreement or lots to decide the order of rotation.

Being in the bookstores about a meeting, each store three two. -- "Ruling History"

8, Chinese medicine meridian acupuncture point names.

Bian magpie is to make the disciple Ziyang Li needle砥石, in order to take the outer three Yang five will. -- "Historical Records - Bian Magpie Cangong Liezhuan"

9, the unit used in the ancient Chinese calendar, equal to 10,800 years.

Thirty years is one life; twelve lives counting 360 years, as one movement; thirty movements counting 18,000 years, as one meeting; twelve counting 129,600 years, as one yuan. --Shao Yong, "The Book of the Emperor's Ultimate Classic of the World"

Adverbial meaning:

1. necessarily; surely.

I have lost my enmity, and will not follow the promise. --Gu Lefu "Southeast Flight of the Peacock"

The long wind will break the waves sometimes.

It will rain heavily. -- "The Records of the Grand Historian (史记-陈涉世家)"

It will be furious. -- "The Records of the Grand Historian -- Xiang Yu's Chronicle"

The court will be lucky. --Song - Wang honestly "Tang Yulin - Elegant Measure"

It will rain heavily, so I stayed in the temple. --- "Xu Xiake's Travels: A Journey to Mount Huangshan"

The guests will have a great feast. -- "Yu Chuxinzhi - Autumn Sound Poem Preface"

3. It is equivalent to "all" and "all".

Strings, lagenaria, sheng, and reeds, and the Council Keeper pats and drums. -- "The Book of Rites"

Conjunctions:

1. Equivalent to "with", "with", "and ".

On the sending of the Squire Maltai will check the Lang River according to the rule, Yuyi sit to take away the official. -- "Qing Historical Records - Liu Yuyi biography"

Will: kuài

Verb meaning:

1, the word will. Original meaning: to calculate; to total. This refers to the closing of accounts at the end of the year. Later, it refers to the calculation of accounts in general.

Will, also combined. --Shuowen

Hui, yearly calculation. But the zero nature of the counting is the counting, and the sum of the counting is the meeting. --Mengzi Wanzhang Shimo (Justice)

Wherever the field service, the storehouse to pay in the official things, are monthly counting, quarterly examination, the year will be. Note: "The monthly count is said to be to be, and the yearly count is to be."