What's the difference between computer vision and machine vision?

Computer vision: Computer vision is a science that studies how to make machines "see". Further, it refers to using cameras and computers to identify, track and measure targets instead of human eyes, and further processing the graphics, so that the computer can process them into images more suitable for human eyes to observe or send them to instruments for detection.

Machine vision: Machine vision is a rapidly developing branch of artificial intelligence. Simply put, machine vision is to measure and judge with machines instead of human eyes. Machine vision system converts the photographed objects into image signals through machine vision products (that is, camera devices, which are divided into CMOS and CCD) and transmits them to a special image processing system.

Obtaining the morphological information of the photographed object, and converting it into digital signals according to information such as pixel distribution, brightness and color; The image system performs various operations on these signals, extracts the characteristics of the target, and then controls the action of the field equipment according to the discrimination result.

2, the principle is different

Computer vision: Computer vision uses various imaging systems instead of visual organs as input sensitive means, and computers instead of brains to complete processing and interpretation. The ultimate research goal of computer vision is to enable computers to observe and understand the world through vision like people, and have the ability to adapt to the environment independently. It takes a long time to achieve the goal.

Therefore, before reaching the ultimate goal, the mid-term goal of people's efforts is to establish a visual system to complete certain tasks according to a certain degree of intelligence of visual sensitivity and feedback. For example, an important application field of computer vision is the visual navigation of autonomous vehicles, and there is no condition to realize a system that can recognize and understand any environment and complete autonomous navigation like human beings.

Therefore, the research goal of people's efforts is to realize a vision-assisted driving system which has the ability of road tracking and can avoid colliding with the vehicles in front on expressway. The point to be pointed out here is that the computer plays a role in replacing the human brain in the computer vision system, but it does not mean that the computer must complete the processing of visual information in the way of human vision.

Computer vision can and should process visual information according to the characteristics of computer systems. However, the human visual system is the most powerful and perfect visual system that people know so far. As will be seen in the following chapters, the study of human visual processing mechanism will provide inspiration and guidance for the study of computer vision.

Therefore, it is also a very important and interesting research field to study the mechanism of human vision and establish the calculation theory of human vision by means of computer information processing. This research is called computational vision. Computational vision can be considered as a research field of computer vision.

Machine vision: The machine vision detection system uses CCD camera to convert the detected object into an image signal, which is transmitted to a special image processing system and converted into a digital signal according to information such as pixel distribution, brightness and color.

The image processing system performs various operations on these signals, extracts the features such as the area, quantity, position and length of the target, and then outputs the results according to the preset tolerance and other conditions, including size, angle, quantity, qualified/unqualified, yes/no, etc. , realize the automatic identification function.

3. Different applications

Computer Vision: Humans are entering the information age, and computers will enter almost all fields more and more widely. On the one hand, more people without computer training also need to use computers, on the other hand, the functions of computers are getting stronger and stronger, and the methods of use are becoming more and more complicated.

This makes a sharp contradiction between people's flexibility in conversation and communication and the strictness and rigidity required when using computers. People can exchange information with the outside world through vision, hearing and language, and can express the same meaning in different ways, while computers need to be strictly programmed in various programming languages. Only in this way can the computer run.

In order to enable more people to use complex computers, it is necessary to change the situation that people used to adapt to computers and use computer rules by rote. But in turn, let the computer adapt to people's habits and requirements.

Communicate with people in the way people are used to, that is, let the computer have the ability to see, hear and speak. At this time, the computer must have the ability of logical reasoning and decision. A computer with the above capabilities is an intelligent computer.

Machine vision: In foreign countries, the application of machine vision is mainly reflected in the semiconductor and electronic industries, of which about 40%-50% is concentrated in the semiconductor industry. Specifically, PCB printed circuit: various assembly technologies and equipment for producing printed circuit boards; Single-sided, double-sided and multi-layer circuit boards, copper clad laminates and required materials and accessories;

Auxiliary facilities and consumables, inks, potions and accessories; Electronic packaging technology and equipment; Screen printing equipment and screen peripheral materials. SMT surface mounting: SMT process and equipment, welding equipment, testing instruments, maintenance equipment and various auxiliary tools and accessories, SMT materials, patches, adhesives, flux, solder and anti-oxidation oil, solder paste, cleaning agent, etc.

Reflow oven, wave soldering machine and automatic production line equipment. Electronic production and processing equipment: electronic component manufacturing equipment, semiconductor and integrated circuit manufacturing equipment, component molding equipment, electronic tooling. Machine vision system has been widely used in all aspects of quality inspection, and its products play an important role in the application.

In addition, machine vision has applications in other fields.

Baidu encyclopedia-machine vision

Baidu encyclopedia-computer vision