On the present situation and development of China automobile industry?

Automobile industry is one of the largest and most important industries in the world, and its development level and strength reflect a country's comprehensive national strength and competitiveness. The automobile industry chain is long, so it has the characteristics of high correlation, wide coverage, high technical requirements, strong comprehensiveness, large number of parts and large added value. Automobile industry has become one of the pillar industries in the national economy of major industrial countries in the world.

(1) Overview of International Automobile Industry

From the second half of the 20th century to the beginning of the 20th century, the automobile manufacturing industry in emerging countries developed rapidly, while the automobile powers such as Europe, America and Japan were greatly affected by the financial crisis. The automobile manufacturing center gradually shifted from Europe and America to emerging markets such as Asia, and the world automobile manufacturing pattern gradually developed towards multipolarization.

2 1 century, great changes have taken place in global automobile production. From 2003 to 2007, it maintained steady growth, with the growth rate between 2.5% and 6.5%. However, affected by the global economic crisis, the global automobile industry experienced steady growth, and in 2008, it experienced negative growth for the first time. In 2009, the global automobile production dropped sharply, only 665,438+7623, which was 654,380 +0.02% lower than that in 2008, reaching the lowest value in six years, among which developed countries such as the United States, Japan and Europe were the most affected. In 20 10, with the gradual recovery of American and Japanese markets and the rapid development of emerging markets such as China and India, the global automobile production reached 77,583,500 vehicles, up 25.6% year-on-year. 20 1 1 the rapid growth momentum of emerging markets has cooled down, and the automobile market in developed countries in Europe and America has picked up, with the total automobile output increasing by 3.2% in the whole year. In 20 14, 20 15 and 20 16 years, the global automobile production continued to grow steadily, reaching 89,776,500, 90,780,600 and 94,976,600 respectively. In terms of regional distribution, world automobile production is mainly concentrated in Europe, North America and Asia-Pacific region.

Data source: public information consultation and collation.

Since 2005, global automobile production has been in a "three-legged" situation, with Asia-Pacific, Europe and North America accounting for 38.70%, 365,438+0.18% and 24.49% respectively. With the rise of emerging markets represented by China and India, the global automobile production pattern has undergone tremendous changes, and the global automobile production center has shifted from Europe and America to Asia. 20 16 The total output of automobiles in the Asia-Pacific region accounts for more than 50% of the world, with China, Japan and South Korea contributing the most. In terms of sales volume, in 20 16, the country with the largest global automobile sales volume was China, with a total of 28,028,200 vehicles, followed by the United States and Japan, with a total sales volume of1786,580 vehicles and 4,970,300 vehicles respectively. The sales volume of major global automobile markets in 20 16 years is shown in the following figure:

Data source: public information consultation and collation.

(2) General situation of China automobile industry.

Since the Eleventh Five-Year Plan, China's automobile production and sales have maintained rapid growth. The automobile production increased from 5,707,700 in 2005 to 28 1 1.88 million in 2006, and the automobile sales increased from 5,758,200 in 2005 to 2,802.82 in 20 16.

Thanks to the national industrial revitalization policy, in 2009, China's automobile production and sales were 1379 15438 and 1364800 respectively, surpassing the United States for the first time and becoming the largest automobile production and consumption country in the world. By 20 16, China's automobile production and sales will reach 28 1 18800 and 28028200 respectively. The production and sales of automobiles in China over the years are as follows:

Data source: public information consultation and collation.

In 20 16, the production and sales of passenger cars in China were 24,420,700 and 24,376,900 respectively, accounting for 86.85% and 86.97% of the total production and sales of automobiles in China, which is the most important part of the automobile market. At the same time, in the passenger car market, passenger cars of joint venture brands currently occupy a dominant position in the market.

Data source: public information consultation and collation.

2. Overview of the development of auto parts industry

(1) development of international auto parts industry

① Auto parts enterprises are moving towards independence and scale.

With the development of world economic globalization and market integration, relying on a single vehicle enterprise, the industrial organization mode of automobile parts enterprises integrating vehicle and parts production is weakening. With the intensification of market competition, the production and operation of the world's major vehicle manufacturers have gradually changed from the traditional vertical integration and the pursuit of large and comprehensive production mode to the specialized production mode focusing on vehicle project development. While expanding the production capacity, the self-made rate of parts has been greatly reduced, and the automobile parts manufacturing has been separated from the whole vehicle manufacturing, forming a market-oriented supporting supply relationship with external parts enterprises. International parts suppliers are moving towards independence and scale, and their position in the automobile industry is gradually improving. The development trend of this industry has greatly promoted the market development of the auto parts industry and created a sustained and stable market demand.

② Pyramid supply system of auto parts industry.

As an important part of the automobile industry, the automobile parts industry is the foundation of the development of the automobile industry. Under the background of increasingly detailed specialization, the pyramid structure of multi-level division of labor has been formed in the industry, such as automobile factory, first-level parts supplier, second-level parts supplier and third-level parts supplier. The automobile factory is at the top of the pyramid, and the first-class suppliers supply directly to the automobile factory, forming a direct cooperative relationship between the two sides; Secondary suppliers indirectly supply products to automobile manufacturers through reprocessing of primary suppliers, and so on. Generally speaking, the lower the supply level, the more suppliers there are at that level.

Data source: public information consultation and collation.

3. Development of auto parts industry in China.

Automobile parts industry is an important part of automobile industry. Although China's auto parts industry started late, in the past decade, the state has increased its investment in the auto parts industry, actively adjusted its product structure, accelerated the pace of localization, and formed a number of important products and key enterprises that have begun to take shape, can be matched with various models and begin to enter the international market. The strength of domestic enterprises in producing auto parts has been greatly enhanced.

At present, China has formed six automobile parts industrial clusters in Northeast China, Beijing-Tianjin, Central China, Southwest China, Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta. This is mainly due to the coordinated development of auto parts enterprises and neighboring auto enterprises in order to better cooperate with auto enterprises and reduce transportation costs. With the cluster development of auto parts industry, the vertical extension and horizontal cooperation efficiency of the industrial chain are improved accordingly, and the synergistic effect of the industrial chain is prominent.

Data source: public information inquiry and collation.

In recent years, with the rapid development of China's automobile industry, the increase of automobile ownership and the expansion of the export market of automobile parts, China's automobile parts industry has developed rapidly, with the growth rate higher than that of the whole vehicle industry, and has made great progress in scale, technology and management level. From 200 1 to 20 15, the compound growth rate of sales revenue of China auto parts industry was 25.67%, which was higher than the compound growth rate of 18.28% in the same period.