Pay attention to the 13th Five-Year Plan and create a new life.

The * * * * Proposal on Formulating the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development points out that the five development concepts of innovation, coordination, green, openness and * * * enjoyment are taken as the layout of the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan, in which "innovation" is mentioned 7 times/kloc-0 times, and it is put forward that "innovation is the first driving force for development".

165438+1October 3, Xinhua News Agency issued the * * * Proposal on Formulating the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development (hereinafter referred to as the "Proposal"), with more than 20,000 words and eight chapters. In addition to the first chapter introducing the overall situation and guiding ideology, the eighth chapter emphasizes the leadership of the party, and the rest chapters revolve around five key concepts: innovation.

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * When explaining the proposal of the 13th Five-Year Plan, he emphasized that "the development concept is the forerunner of development actions, and it is something that manages the overall situation, the fundamentals, the direction and the long-term. If the development concept is right, the objectives and tasks will be set and the policy measures will be set. "

When explaining the relationship between "planning proposal" and "planning outline", * * * * said, "The proposal focuses on establishing the development concept, defining the development direction, ideas, key tasks and major measures, while some specific work arrangements are left to the outline to better reflect and give play to the macro, strategic and guiding nature of the proposal."

At the press conference held by the State Council Office on the implementation of the spirit of the Fifth Plenary Session and the preparation of the 13 th Five-Year Plan, Yang Weimin, deputy director of the Central Financial and Economic Leading Group Office, said, "The five concepts have determined that we should take five paths." Under these five paths, the proposal "puts forward about 50 strategies, projects, plans, systems and actions, and about 300 important measures".

Idea 1: innovation

We must put innovation at the core of the overall development of the country, and constantly promote innovation in theory, system, science and technology, culture and other aspects, so that innovation runs through the work of the party and the country and becomes a common practice in the whole society.

The communiqué of the Fifth Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee of the Producers' Party of China (hereinafter referred to as the "Announcement") pointed out that "to persist in innovation and development, we must put innovation at the core of the overall development of the country, and constantly promote theoretical innovation, institutional innovation, scientific and technological innovation, cultural innovation and other aspects, so that innovation runs through all the work of the party and the state and becomes a common practice in the whole society."

"Innovation is indeed a major strategic decision made by the central government. Based on the increasingly fierce international competition, China's economy has entered a new normal. The core of the new normal is speed change, structural optimization and power conversion. Only innovation can enhance the endogenous power of China's economy. " Xu, director of the National Development and Reform Commission, introduced.

Under the development concept of "innovation", the proposal innovates from seven aspects: new power, new space, innovation-driven development strategy, new industrial and agricultural system, new system and macro-control mode.

The "Proposal" clearly puts forward the "new impetus": consumption, investment and export are the foundation, key and promotion respectively. Consumption focuses on "service consumption" rather than product consumption, and the direction of consumption is intelligence, green, health and safety. In terms of export, the strategy of "implementing superior import and superior export" was put forward for the first time, which promoted international cooperation in production capacity and equipment manufacturing, focused on developing capital and technology-intensive industries, and improved the position of China's industries in the global value chain.

What does steady growth depend on? "First of all, we should give full play to the key role of investment. The current investment is to make up the shortcomings and adjust the structure. " Xu said, "The goal of economic development is to stabilize growth, promote reform, adjust structure, benefit people's livelihood, prevent risks and stabilize growth."

For "new space", it mainly refers to regions, industries, networks, infrastructure, oceans and so on.

In the section of "expanding the space of network economy", the Plan puts forward many specific plans. First of all, it is clear that the implementation of the "internet plus" action plan, the development of Internet of Things technology and applications, and the development of the typical model of the network economy "sharing economy" will be the focus of the development of the network economy, so as to promote the integrated development of the Internet and the economy and society. At the same time, the "National Big Data Strategy" was included in the planning document for the first time, which will mainly promote the opening and sharing of data resources.

"Implementing the strategy of strengthening the country by network" is placed in the section of "expanding the space for infrastructure construction", with the focus on "accelerating the construction of a new generation of high-speed, mobile, secure and ubiquitous information infrastructure". In addition, expanding the space for industrial and infrastructure construction will mainly rely on "accelerating the opening of competitive businesses in natural monopoly industries such as electricity, telecommunications, transportation, oil, natural gas and municipal utilities".

In view of the "innovation-driven development strategy", according to Xu, there are about three aspects of work in the in-depth implementation of the innovation-driven development strategy: system reform and government reform; Support a series of projects, plans and industries; Mass entrepreneurship and innovation.

Xu introduced that a series of projects, plans and industries will be supported: first, a number of national laboratories will be established in major innovation fields; Second, accelerate the formation of a number of innovative leading enterprises with international competitiveness and support the healthy development of small and medium-sized science and technology enterprises; The third is to systematically promote comprehensive innovation and reform experiments in qualified provinces and regions, and strive to make breakthroughs in key links and key areas; Fourth, strengthen the construction of national innovation ability and build a number of industrial technology innovation platforms; Fifth, vigorously cultivate and develop strategic emerging industries.

Among them, the agricultural and industrial systems are listed separately, and the financial reform is not listed as a separate aspect, but placed under the chapter of "system reform", alongside the reform of administrative management system, the optimization of enterprise development environment and the reform of state-owned enterprises.

In view of financial reform, the goal of the proposal is to "accelerate the reform of the financial system and improve the efficiency of financial services to the real economy". Specific measures include expanding private capital into the banking industry, focusing on strengthening financial services for small and medium-sized enterprises and rural areas, especially poor areas.

Regarding the "new system", the "Proposal" proposes to "establish a system that adapts the power and expenditure responsibilities, and moderately strengthen the central government's power and expenditure responsibilities. Improve the government procurement policy that gives priority to innovative products and green products. "

Regarding the innovation of macro-control, the proposal clearly puts forward that "the government's intervention in price formation should be reduced, the prices of goods and services in competitive fields should be fully liberalized, and the prices of competitive links in the fields of electricity, oil, natural gas, transportation and telecommunications should be liberalized."

Idea 2: Coordination

Mainly from regional cooperation, urban-rural integration, paying equal attention to material civilization and spiritual civilization, combining economic construction with national defense construction, focusing on broadening the development space in coordinated development and enhancing the development stamina of weak areas.

According to the proposal, coordination is the inherent requirement of sustainable and healthy development. We must firmly grasp the overall layout, correctly handle the major relations in development, focus on promoting the coordinated development of urban and rural areas, promote the coordinated development of economy and society, promote the simultaneous development of new industrialization, informationization, urbanization and agricultural modernization, and pay attention to improving the soft power of the country while enhancing hard power, and constantly enhance the integrity of development.

As for regional cooperation, in the chapter "Innovation" and the chapter "Expanding New Regional Space", it is expounded that "One Belt and One Road" construction, the coordinated development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and the construction of the Yangtze River Economic Belt will lead to the formation of vertical and horizontal economic axes, the optimization of the three major urban agglomerations of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, the Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta, and the formation of urban agglomerations such as the Northeast, the Central Plains, the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, the Chengdu-Chongqing area and the Guanzhong Plain. It can be predicted that national urban agglomerations and new districts will emerge continuously.

In the chapter of coordination, two points are added to "regional coordination": First, two growth poles are defined: Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and the Yangtze River Economic Belt. "Promote the coordinated development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, optimize the urban spatial layout and industrial structure, orderly relieve the functions of Beijing's non-capital, promote transportation integration, expand environmental capacity and ecological space, and explore new modes of optimized development in densely populated areas. Promote the construction of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, improve the ecological environment of the Yangtze River Basin, build a comprehensive three-dimensional traffic corridor from a high starting point, and guide the industrial optimization layout and division of labor. " Secondly, support the old revolutionary base areas, ethnic minority areas, border areas and poverty-stricken areas to accelerate development, and increase support for difficult areas such as resource depletion, industrial decline and serious ecological degradation.

Regarding the coordination between material civilization and spiritual civilization, the "Program" emphasizes "putting social benefits in the first place and realizing the unity of social and economic benefits".

Among them, cultural digitalization and China culture going abroad are regarded as the key points, "promoting the integration and development of traditional media and emerging media, speeding up media digitalization and creating a number of new mainstream media. Optimize the media structure and standardize the communication order. Strengthen international communication capacity building, innovate external communication, cultural exchanges and cultural trade methods, and promote Chinese culture to the world. "

It is worth noting that the * * * * new think tank and the classic collation project of Chinese studies were officially included in the planning "Program": "Prosperity and development of literature and art, press and publication, radio, film and television. Implement the innovation project of philosophy and social sciences and build a new type of think tank. We will build a heritage system of Chinese excellent traditional culture, strengthen the protection of cultural heritage, revitalize traditional crafts, and implement the collation project of Chinese classics. Strengthen and improve grassroots propaganda and ideological and cultural work, and deepen all kinds of mass spiritual civilization creation activities. "

Idea 3: Green

We should adhere to the basic national policy of saving resources and protecting the environment, adhere to sustainable development, firmly follow the civilized development path of production development, affluent life and good ecology, accelerate the construction of a resource-saving and environment-friendly society, form a new pattern of harmonious development between man and nature and modernization, promote the construction of beautiful China, and make new contributions to global ecological security.

The "Proposal" puts forward a new goal of building a well-off society in an all-round way, and "ecological environment quality" comes before "all aspects of the system".

What environmentalists are most looking forward to is that vertical law enforcement by environmental protection departments is expected to be formally implemented. In the past two years, China has successively introduced many measures such as "the strictest environmental protection law" and "the strictest water control". However, in the process of implementation, due to "the power of the environmental protection department is too small", it is impossible to effectively implement laws and regulations. The proposal clearly puts forward that "the enterprise pollutant discharge permit system covering all fixed pollution sources should be established, and the vertical management system of monitoring, supervision and law enforcement of environmental protection institutions below the provincial level should be implemented".

"Developing green finance and setting up a green development fund" is clearly written into the section "Promoting the harmonious coexistence between man and nature". According to the reporter's understanding, this is the result of long-term research by green finance researchers such as Ma Jun, chief economist of the central bank.

"In the future, all listed companies will still open green development indicators. The Green Finance Professional Committee of China Finance Association has submitted a proposal to the Securities Law Amendment Group to increase the mandatory requirements for listed companies and bond issuing enterprises to disclose environmental information. " Ma Jun said in an interview with the reporter of International Finance News during the Bloomberg New Energy Forum.

In order to strengthen the environmental information disclosure of enterprises, Ma Jun put forward four suggestions: First, it is necessary to force listed companies and bond issuing enterprises to disclose environmental information through legislation; Secondly, the exchange should specify the contents and templates of disclosure, and require quantitative and regular disclosure of key information, especially major pollution emission indicators; Third, give play to the role of intermediary agencies in evaluating, supervising, guiding and encouraging environmental information disclosure; Finally, we should continue to strengthen the supervision and law enforcement of environmental information disclosure.

The Plan also proposes to promote the utilization of resources by means of market price, "establish and improve the initial distribution system of energy use rights, water use rights, emission rights and carbon emission rights, innovate paid use, budget management, investment and financing mechanisms, foster and develop trading markets", "implement contract energy management and contract water-saving management" and "innovate property rights models and guide all kinds of funds to invest in afforestation".

Ma Jun agreed with this move. "It is to use market prices to make people who waste resources and destroy the environment pay the price, thus promoting green development."

In addition to the market price mechanism, the assessment of green indicators for officials has also been formally included in the planning proposal. "Establish a spatial governance system consisting of spatial planning, use control, audit of natural resources assets of leading cadres, and differentiated performance appraisal with cities and counties as units."

Idea 4: Open.

We should conform to the trend of China's deep integration into the world economy, pursue an open strategy of mutual benefit and win-win, adhere to the coordination of internal and external needs, balance import and export, pay equal attention to bringing in and going abroad, attract foreign investment and technology and wisdom, develop a higher-level open economy, actively participate in global economic governance and the supply of public goods, improve China's institutional voice in global economic governance, and build a wide range of stakeholders.

Not only China people, but also foreign-funded financial institutions are staying up late to translate, study and publish the research report of the 13th Five-Year Plan.

The reporter of International Finance News found that a few days after the proposal was issued by * * * *, foreign economists from many overseas financial institutions published research reports in English. Some people called them "China documents that must be carefully studied".

"Open development" is also one of the five core concepts of the 13 th Five-Year Plan. The "Proposal" proposes that opening up is the only way for the country to prosper and develop.

According to the "Proposal", "realize the convertibility of RMB capital account in an orderly manner, and promote the RMB to join SDR to become a convertible and freely usable currency. Change the management and use of foreign exchange, from positive list to negative list. Relax foreign exchange restrictions on overseas investment, relax foreign exchange management requirements for enterprises and individuals, and relax restrictions on overseas operation of multinational companies' funds. Strengthen the monitoring of international payments and maintain the basic balance of international payments. We will promote the two-way opening of the capital market, and improve and gradually cancel the restrictions on domestic and foreign investment quotas. "

China will carry out a deeper and higher-quality "going out".

The Plan proposes to "implement a positive import policy and open the market to the outside world", "fully implement the pre-entry national treatment plus negative list management system to promote equal treatment and fair competition between domestic and foreign-funded enterprises", and "open the service industry in an orderly manner and expand market access for banks, insurance, securities and pension".

Equipment industry and service trade will become the main supporting industries for export. The "Proposal" proposes to "promote the transformation of foreign trade to high quality and good price, excellent entry and excellent exit, and expand new export-oriented industries such as equipment manufacturing. Develop trade in services. "

In the future, a number of commodity bases built in China will appear overseas, and international financial platforms will emerge one after another. It is clearly stated in the proposal that "build a batch of overseas production bases for bulk commodities and cultivate a batch of multinational enterprises", "actively build a financial service platform for international cooperation in production capacity and equipment manufacturing", "strengthen cooperation with international financial institutions, participate in the construction of Asian infrastructure investment banks and BRICS new development banks, give play to the role of Silk Road Fund, and attract international funds to build an open and diversified financial cooperation platform".

Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan will also get more opportunities. The "Proposal" proposes to "support Hong Kong to consolidate its three central positions in international finance, shipping and trade, and participate in the two-way opening up of the country and the construction of the" Belt and Road ". Support Hong Kong to strengthen its position as a global offshore RMB business hub, promote the development of financing, commerce, logistics and professional services to high-end and high added value, "accelerate the construction of Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao cooperation platforms such as Qianhai, Nansha and Hengqin", "promote the construction of the economic zone on the west side of the Taiwan Strait, build a cooperation platform with Taiwan such as Pingtan" and "deepen regional cooperation such as Pan-Pearl River Delta".

Building an Asia-Pacific free trade area and a global high-standard free trade area network, and participating in the formulation of polar and aerospace rules will become important measures in the 13th Five-Year Plan, such as "accelerating the implementation of the free trade area strategy, promoting the negotiation of regional comprehensive economic partnership agreements, promoting the construction of the Asia-Pacific free trade area, and striving to form a global high-standard free trade area network", "actively participating in the formulation of international rules in new fields such as network, deep sea, polar and aerospace" and "actively participating in 2000".

Idea 5: * * Enjoy

In accordance with the requirements of everyone's participation, everyone's best efforts and everyone's enjoyment, we should stick to the bottom line, highlight key points, improve the system, guide expectations, pay attention to fair opportunities, safeguard basic people's livelihood, and realize all people's comprehensive entry into a well-off society.

There are only five years left in 2020. The Fifth Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee proposed that by 2020, all rural poor people will be lifted out of poverty under the current standards, and all poverty-stricken counties will be stripped of their hats.

The calculation of the poor population is based on the annual income of less than 2,300 yuan, and at the constant price of 20 10, there are 70170,000 poor people. Xu said, "This is the shortcoming and the most prominent problem in building a well-off society in an all-round way. This task is very arduous. We are studying how to help the poor and get rid of poverty accurately. "

Specifically, poverty alleviation will be divided into four levels: First, increase the intensity of precision poverty alleviation. These 70 million people will get rid of poverty by developing production, and the preliminary estimate is 30 million. The second is to relocate a group of poor people from areas without production and living conditions to places with better production and living conditions, with a total population of100000. The third is to transfer a batch of posts. By improving the education level of the poor and finding jobs for them through training, about100000 people can be solved. Fourth, there are nearly 20 million people, a considerable number of whom are rural five-guarantee households and disabled people. These 20 million people should be managed by social security.

The core of public service is "five things", namely employment, housing, medical care, social security and education. The "Proposal" puts forward development strategies in these aspects: in terms of employment, "focus on solving structural employment contradictions. Improve entrepreneurship support policies, encourage entrepreneurship to drive employment, and establish a service platform for entrepreneurship for all. Improve the statistical index system of employment and unemployment "; In education, "improve the teaching level and innovation ability of colleges and universities." Construct a modern vocational education system. Implement and deepen the reform of the examination enrollment system and the reform of education and teaching. Support and standardize the development of private education and encourage social forces and private capital to provide diversified educational services "; In terms of social security system, "the implementation of the national insurance plan will basically achieve full coverage of statutory personnel. Appropriately reduce the social insurance rate "; In terms of medical care, "comprehensively promote the comprehensive reform of public hospitals, adhere to the nature of public welfare, break the profit-seeking mechanism, and establish a personnel compensation system that conforms to the characteristics of the medical industry", "adhere to both Chinese and Western medicine, and promote the development of Chinese medicine and ethnic medicine".