Emblem of Zheng Zheng Table Tennis Club

1. Emblem-The design should be concise, clear, easy to identify and remember, including English abbreviation or Chinese pinyin abbreviation with the meaning of "the 12th National Games of Hubei Province", which can be appropriately deformed.

2, singing-requires the string law to be magnificent and passionate, the lyrics are catchy and full of rhythm.

3. Mascot-it is required to highlight the characteristics of Xiangfan, embody the spirit of sports, exaggerate and deform, and be vivid and lovely.

4. Posters-bright, beautiful and generous. It is best to combine the above requirements.

5, propaganda slogan-the content should be antithetical, loud and easy to understand.

1933 Chicago World Expo, the theme and emblem came into being at the same time. By 20 10, there will be 28 World Expos, and 27 emblems will be produced [1].

The emblem is "Badge" in English, also known as logo and emblem in Chinese, and it is a public symbol that reflects the image and characteristics of the World Expo. Recording things with symbols is an innate talent of human beings: the image of ancient "totem", the national emblem of primitive society, seals and heraldry that can be seen everywhere in life. In Europe, signs were widely used in ancient Greece, and the patterns of special signs for masons in Pompeii, Rome, such as wheels, stars and moons and grapes, have long been known to the world. In the 20th century, signs were widely used in all fields of social life. In the 1970s, the enterprise identification system that rose in Europe and America promoted signs to the core position of visual communication design. The emblem of the World Expo has become an indispensable part of the World Expo since its birth. It is the cultural carrier and image core of the World Expo, and it is also a highly refined and concentrated theme concept [2]. The history of the World Expo clearly shows that designing an excellent emblem is very important for hosting a successful World Expo.

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Throughout the frequency of keywords in previous World Expo, "progress and development" appeared 9 times; A century's progress (1933), tomorrow's new world (1939- 1940), mankind in the space age (1962), human progress and harmony (1970), pollution-free progress (60. [1] Design online. China

"Water (ocean)" appeared 5 times; Ocean-promising future (1975), river world-water is the source of life (1984), Columbus-ship and sea (1992), ocean-future wealth (1998), water and sustainable development (.

"Man (humanity)" appeared five times; Science, civilization and humanities (1958), man and the world (1967), man and nature (1990), man and nature-towards the 20th century (1999), man-nature-technology-

"Technology" also appeared five times; Art and technology in the modern world (1937), science, civilization and humanities (1958), residence and environment-human home technology (1985), leisure life in the age of science and technology (1988), man-nature-technology-.

"Nature" appeared four times; Man and nature (1990), man and nature-towards 2 1 century (1999), man-nature-technology-development (2000), and natural wisdom (2005).

Life appeared four times; Living and environment-human home technology (1985), transportation (1986), leisure life in the age of science and technology (1988), cities, better life (20 10).

If the Expo in the19th century mainly shows the scientific and technological strength of various countries, such as steam engines, sewing machines, printing machines, generators, submarine cables, trains, electric lights, phonographs, telephones, refrigerators and many other inventions. Then in the 20th century, mankind ushered in the "space age" and "ocean age" and entered 2 1 century. Considering how to live in harmony with nature, improve the quality of life and lifestyle, it can be said that the development of Expo 150 witnessed the change of human thinking and social progress. Online design. China

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Theme concept is the source of emblem design, and creating graphics and colors that meet the theme meaning has become the pursuit of designers. The World Expo is a "grand event of world development", and the design should take into account the characteristics of the times, countries, nationalities and cities. In the emblem of the World Expo, there are many concepts that use circles to represent the "world". There are 19 emblems related to the circle, among which the earth figure is directly used for 8 times [3], and the water (ocean) figure appears for 4 times [4] and the human figure appears for 3 times [5], which can be said to closely correspond to the theme of the World Expo.

When did the plan of the earth, or map for short, develop and be recognized by the world? As early as15th century, in the era of great navigation, through great exploration, mankind had an accurate map of the earth; The World Geographic Map, an iconic graphic design work of the United States in 1950s and 1960s designed by Bayer Company, further refined the image of the map for the world. The high-frequency use of maps reflects people's concern about their living space and living environment, and also shows that countries have consciously or unconsciously established the concept that they are part of the world and the world is a whole.

1933 The Chicago World Expo coincides with mankind bidding farewell to "age of steam" and entering the "space age". By displaying the brilliant achievements of the past, mankind intends to find the courage and confidence to get out of the economic crisis that swept the world at that time. According to the records, Marie Poetz is looking for a unique representative of the Chicago World Expo, and it should also be a model that can be easily copied ... "The design of the rotating earth is very simple, drawing a big arc trajectory and unfolding it with great strength, indicating that the earth has developed forward with its strong internal energy in the course of a hundred years, and the" progress of a century "is concentrated in these arcs to meet the next one. This map of the earth is undoubtedly very primitive.

1935 The emblem of the Brussels World Expo is a man with a map, and its shape is realistic. At that time, World War II was about to break out in Europe and was shrouded in the dark clouds of war. The emblem shows the common expectations of participating countries of different nationalities for peace, and this is the first World Expo to raise the relationship between people to the same important position as science and technology.

New york World Expo 1939-1940 was held on the eve of World War II with the theme of "Tomorrow's New World". The exhibition predicted the prospect of human life drawn by cars and expressway, and showed people a clean, safe and dazzling tomorrow world. In addition to exhibiting the scientific and technological products at that time, this World Expo will also bring the advanced scientific and technological products in the future to people: TV sets, interstate expressway chain systems and other new scientific and technological products have appeared one after another. The emblem designer directly adopted the silhouette pattern of the 400-foot-high conical triangular minaret and spherical building, which was the landmark building of this World Expo completed by two famous architects at that time, bringing strong visual contrast and impact, and boldly revealing the characteristics of the World Expo's pursuit of modernity and functionality. This future-oriented building is the crystallization of science and technology and human wisdom, which embodies the unremitting pursuit of modernity.

At the Brussels World Expo after 18, Roeck designed a slightly deformed five-star to represent the five continents. The map, the number "58" and the silhouette of the visual center Brussels City Hall are triangular. The emblem is characterized by the organic combination of maps, figures and buildings. In the earliest design, the whole picture was black and white with bright yellow as the background. Logo first appeared in Expo 58 poster published by 1956, and then appeared in various forms. His statement is "... the earth should also have a place, because this is a world event." www.dolcn.com

1962 The Seattle World Expo shows the space feat of human beings flying around the earth by means of spacecraft, and predicts that human beings will March to Mars in 2 1 century, and then conquer the whole outer space. The emblem is a male symbol named "Needle of Space", with the words "2 1 century" embedded, and the design is surreal. The symbols with space, the earth and "2 1 century" as the main body imply the prospect of American life, society and scientific and technological progress after 2000. The description of the future also reflects to some extent the determination and performance of the United States to actively participate in national economic mobilization during the Cold War. As predicted by the Congress, human beings in the 2nd/Kloc-0th century have already planned to March on Mars, and the dream of conquering the whole space is becoming a reality step by step. As the official symbol of World Expo 1962, this surreal art model not only brought a single income of up to 4 million dollars for the World Expo, but also was reused and promoted by the post office of the General Assembly at that time.

The emblem of new york World Expo 1964 is a globe, on which the positions of countries all over the world are distributed, and the curve symbolizing the new technology of communication and transportation surrounds it, which shows that science and technology have promoted the communication between countries and shortened the distance of the world. The 42.6-meter-high emblem made of stainless steel also shows the size of the earth as seen from space 9600 kilometers away. The earth is the natural protagonist here, and every country can find its place on it. The whole earth is surrounded by mobile satellite orbits, forming special longitude and latitude lines, which are surrounded up and down and transmitted to all corners of the world. Its significance lies in the hope that all countries in the world will resolve contradictions, understand each other and move towards peace through mutual communication and exchange. The logo image itself has also been built into a huge three-dimensional landscape building, located in the new york World Expo Square. Everyone who looks up to it will not only marvel at its ingenious design, but also be infected by this warm and inclusive atmosphere, because it conveys the message of longing for communication and peace, which is also the common wish of all people who love life all over the world.

1967 The emblem of the Montreal World Expo represents people's hands with a tree fork, and eight hands of equal size are evenly distributed to form a complete circle, representing that human beings share the same earth. The design also expresses the idea that at this World Expo, regardless of race, national boundaries and language, the whole world will embrace the same earth, breathe the same fresh air, bathe in the same bright sunshine and have the same beautiful nature. * * * will feel all the beautiful things together, but the abstract graphics are rich in connotation. The warm color of orange gives people a warm feeling, exudes the breath of peace, and symbolizes that people all over the world are connected hand in hand. This human icon was once very popular with the public.

Osaka World Expo 1970 shows the "stones on the moon" brought back by astronauts. The emblem designed by Fukuda Fukuda is like a blooming cherry blossom, and the pattern * * * consists of six circles. The five circles around it represent the five continents on the earth, namely Asia, Europe, Africa, North America and South America. The middle circle represents Japan, and five crescent-shaped circles surround the middle circle, symbolizing the whole world. Very suitable for "human progress and harmony". From the perspective of master-slave modeling, it is very symmetrical, but it is flexible because of a little imperfection in the "petals". Every circle is an abstract symbol, but when mixed together, it can be regarded as a cherry blossom full of vitality. Title.

1993 The logo of Daejeon Expo in Korea adopts the changing graphics of Tai Chi symbols, just like the traditional Korean national dance. Its bright momentum closely echoes the theme of "a new way to take off", which embodies the confidence of the country and people and shows the dream of the Korean nation to take off. Designers take the changing graphics of Tai Chi symbols as the main body of the logo, which has distinctive national characteristics. The visual form of sports seems to be a traditional Korean dance, and the leaping momentum echoes the theme of the conference on the way to take off. Color and image are so national, passionate and mysterious, which makes people feel novel. Behind it is the confidence and strength of a country and the strength of a nation to take off. As Japan is considered as a developed country, this World Expo is also held in a developing country in Asia for the first time.

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In the process of exploring and conquering nature, human beings have caused over-exploitation of energy and serious damage to the environment, and at the same time they have been retaliated by nature.

In 1970s, two energy crises in America reminded people of the limitation of resources. After seven years of dream and preparation, the World Expo finally knocked on the door of Knoxville. 1982 The emblem of the Knoxville World Expo designed a burning circular flame, which expressed the world's concern for energy. The World Expo has also changed Knoxville, a small town in the southern United States, and made its economy develop rapidly. At that time, the largest energy company and the largest atomic energy development laboratory and factory in the United States gathered in Knoxville. Just as the spherical flame was blazing, Knoxville's desire and passion for the World Expo was undoubtedly revealed at this World Expo. Red is the fire of hope and the source of strength. Knoxville, taking advantage of the Tynes River and the canyon, burst into endless vitality and firepower; At the same time, the appearance of the shape of the earth shows that the energy problem has attracted worldwide attention.

The lack of land resources has led human beings to turn their eyes to the ocean and enter the "ocean age". At this stage, more emblem shapes are wavy. 1975 The theme of the Okinawa World Expo is "Ocean-Hope for the Future", and three repeated cartoon spray patterns are designed in the circular emblem to represent the beautiful and lovely ocean. Radio waves are messengers, transmitting distant information. We seem to be in a fairytale state, enjoying the endless treasures of the ocean and looking forward to the information about the future brought by the waves. The picture is limited and the artistic conception is endless. The friendly way of painting may be the reason why it stands out, and people have to admire the uniqueness of the designer.

The New Orleans 1984 World Expo has demonstrated people's effective use of advanced technologies such as river banks and water resources utilization. The emblem is shaped by flowing water waves, and its shape is also the circle preferred by the world. The whole picture skillfully links the memorable day of 1984 with the theme of "river world-water, the source of life", which is concise, flexible and rich in content, revealing the designer's intention.

Expo Lisbon 1998 was held to welcome the flag of the International Year of the Ocean. The emblem is designed with an undulating "E" character, designed as a flying flag, extending to the northeast corner, making the calm picture dynamic and more vivid. The orange sun rises slowly from the northwest corner, adding a touch of bright color to the whole picture. The sun rising from the sea level in Ran Ran is pregnant with a promising future. The design of the logo also appropriately echoes the commemorative significance of 1998 International Year of the Ocean. [3] Creativity directly hits the theme-ocean, future wealth.

The emblem of the 2008 Zaragoza World Expo directly uses realistic pictures of water, with the theme of "water and sustainable development".

And the World Expo will directly show the new technology of human development and navigation to commemorate people's exploration of the ocean. 1992, that is, 500 years after the era of great navigation, Genoa and Seville held expositions. The former takes "Columbus-the ship and the sea" as the theme, and the emblem changes from the number "500" to the figure of a sailboat, sailing on the rough sea, with a straightforward and vivid shape; The latter regards the letter "O" in Expo 92 as the earth, and the emblem can be used directly for personal use, combining time, place and theme, and specifies the size changes under different usages in detail, highlighting the functional design concept.

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After experiencing the embarrassment that blind pursuit of technological progress leads to environmental destruction, the relationship between man and nature is gradually pursuing all-round progress, improving people's comprehensive quality, paying attention to the interests of human society itself and the world, and moving towards the road of harmony with nature.

The urbanization process of the United States19th century in 50-60 years brought about ecological and environmental destruction, and the water source pollution was extremely serious. 1974 The emblem of the Spokane World Expo uses "Mobius Belt" 8, and the circular blunt triangle shape symbolizes the continuation of life and the sustainable development of the environment. The logo is made up of blue, green and white ties, which circulate with each other, meaning the continuation of life and endless life ... The three colors vividly represent their respective themes-white symbolizes clean and dust-free air, blue symbolizes bright and pure ocean, and green represents vibrant earth and lush nature. Jumping colors and bright themes bear the theme advocated by the World Expo-pollution-free progress, profound and meaningful design.

1986 World Expo held to commemorate the 0/00th anniversary of Vancouver's founding106, the emblem consists of three intertwined rings, representing the land, air and water on which human beings depend, respectively, which form the word "86". The whole structure seems dull, but it contains profound meaning, which fully embodies the course of human efforts, pioneering and enterprising, and promoting world development. It is also the relationship between human beings and the development of the earth. Among them, the development of transportation plays a considerable role, and this profound philosophical connotation has a more specific meaning because of the theme of this World Expo "Traffic and Transportation".

1990 Osaka Horticultural Exposition in Japan is also the first comprehensive exposition held in Asia. The emblem symbolizes "human progress and harmony" with a blooming "bud". The purpose of the Expo is to explore the future protection of the earth's ecology. Advocating the development of science and technology in the space age can promote the progress and harmony of mankind through the Expo, a forum and grand event for international exchanges.

1999 The emblem design of Kunming World Expo symbolizes the movement of stars, clouds, air and wind in nature with semi-abstract graphics, and holds up a green flower symbolizing life with "hands" as a whole, which embodies the theme of "Man and nature-towards 2 1 century".

Expo 2000 Hanover pays attention to the relationship between human beings, nature and technology, guides human beings to think from different angles, and promotes exchanges and cooperation among countries in solving global problems such as energy problems and environmental problems. Corrugated graphic signs can change their structure and color according to different application environments, giving people an overall impression and always showing different motion States. It is dynamic, unknown and uncertain. It can be said that it has strong uniqueness, concise and profound modeling, is suitable for various media, conforms to the conceptual positioning of the theme, and embodies a strong philosophical meaning.

On the emblem of the 2005 Aichi World Expo, Takuya Damu wrote ... The 2005 World Expo will be a place where people can fully feel the relationship between man and nature, which is also the emotion I want to express in this emblem. "He designed an open circular emblem, like the green sun.

The theme of the World Expo began to pay attention to people's lifestyles in the 1980s, and the pursuit of high-quality life became a hot topic in the world at that time.

1985 During the Tsukuba World Expo, the triangular emblem designed by Kazumi Tanaka has three sides representing the three aspects of the Expo theme-human, housing and environment, and the three lines support each other to form this stable form. It skillfully shows the dialectical relationship among human beings, houses and the environment. The dot on the vertex of the triangle symbolizes the peak of Tsukuba (the location of the World Expo) and is welcoming the dawn of science and technology in 2 1 century; The two parallel ellipses in the center of the triangle mark the harmonious trajectory between mankind and science.

This World Expo is also recognized as the most distinctive and representative one in the 1980s, showing people a new way of life in the future. This is also a logo graphic composed of elements endowed with special meanings. The uniqueness of this theme logo is that the logo itself is composed of abstract elements, and each element is infused with humanized understanding. It is an artistic symbol with specific information transmission function, which shows the future ideal of the universe, the earth, mankind, science and art.

1988 The theme of the Brisbane World Expo, held to commemorate the 200th anniversary of Australian European dwellings, is "Leisure Life in the Age of Science and Technology". The logo uses the Australian boomerang, which appeared more than 10,000 years ago, as a modeling element, expressing people's love for this traditional outdoor sport. This is also one of the most distinctive activities in Australia so far. Australian boomerang evokes people's feelings about the development of science and technology. This thing appeared as early as the era of carbon analysis, with a history of 1 1000 years. You know, it is one of the earliest inventions of mankind, and it has gradually evolved into an outdoor sport with Australian characteristics. It is self-evident that logo graphics fit the theme. Participating countries also reflect the richness of human life with sports, literature, tourism, leisure, cooking, gardening and other contents.

The theme of Shanghai World Expo 20 10 is innovation. It takes "city" as the starting point for the first time in the history of the World Expo, which embodies the characteristics of the times. The emblem pattern is composed of the Chinese character "World" with the image of a family of three, and combined with the number "20 10", which expresses the idea that China people take family [4] as the basic unit of the city, pursue family harmony and put people first.

The color of the emblem of previous World Expositions is also closely related to the theme, and blue is the main color, which has been used for 8 times [9], because blue is the color that best represents the sky, ocean and technology, and few ethnic groups are taboo about it. The five World Expo emblems after 1999 all adopted green as the main color, presumably because green is a special color of nature and environmental protection. The classic work of color application is the emblem of the 2000 Hanover World Expo, and its technique seems to be inspired by the dynamic art that emerged in the 1960s [10].

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However, in previous World Expo emblems, there are many works with fairly mediocre designs, mainly because the image of the emblem is not comparable to the architectural, technological and cultural innovations and achievements at that time. The reason is that the solicitation and selection mechanism is not perfect, and the image design of the World Expo itself is not perfect.

First of all, the way of social solicitation determines that the design of the emblem is based on the theme. Social solicitation can mobilize the public's enthusiasm for participation. Only 13 works participated in 1958 Brussels World Expo, 1968 San Antonio World Expo has 100 works, and 1228 works were shortlisted for 1998 Lisbon World Expo, which was determined after more than two months of screening. 20 10 Shanghai World Expo selected one of 8568 works, and the number of applications was huge. Faced with so many design applications, it is the ultimate choice to express, explore and innovate the theme as much as possible.

Social solicitation has indeed produced many excellent emblems, but it also has the limitations of personal thinking, and even the submission is not rigorous. This form of individual combat sometimes leads to a weak visual effect of the overall emblem. On the basis of collecting social thoughts and wisdom, it is a fruitful practice to invite elites to create collectively, which has benefited a lot from the collection of the emblem of Hanover and Aichi World Expo. Hanover invited nine famous German designers with the same name to join a group of talented young designers' logo collection activities, and Aichi World Expo selected one of the 10 outstanding schemes nominated globally.

Secondly, excessive pursuit of proper theme meaning will lead to the loss of artistry of the emblem. All previous World Expos are "Olympic" events in science, technology, politics, economy and culture, with rich themes and many influencing factors. Maximizing the theme meaning will complicate the graphics, and sometimes it is necessary to boldly abandon some tedious forms and pursue simple and effective communication effects. Facts have proved that good emblem design works mostly spread national culture in abstract form. For example, in the solicitation requirements for the emblem of Expo 20 10, the theme of "Better City, Better Life" and the concept of "understanding, communication, convergence and cooperation" should be expressed. For another example, the theme of Hanover emblem design in 2000 is man-nature-technology-development, and the theme is very complicated. Michael Gass said ... we hope this sign is not a specific pattern. For such a complex event as the World Expo, any picture seems monotonous. We began to look for suitable patterns and images, and made a visual image survey, hoping to reflect the theme of the 2000 World Expo. In our opinion, the individuality of a pattern is that it can contain elements that promote its vitality and movement, that is, an eternal energy, and this kind of movement is in line with the theme of World Expo 2000, that is, people should keep moving, be flexible in thinking, be brave in innovation, and use their wisdom to push the society forward in the 2 1 century. Under this premise, a concept called' driving force' was born, which has the characteristics of visualization and visibility. Facts have proved that their thinking is correct, because the final logo has been recognized and praised by the world.

Personally, what kind of design method should be put in the second place for the emblem design of this important event of the World Expo, and the most important thing is whether the final emblem design works can first represent the highest level of visual art at that time? Instead of stiffly expressing the meaning of the theme, in other words, it is to pursue the unity of form and meaning dominated by artistry. After all, this emblem carries the function of showing the national image and national taste to the world. For example,1May, 1999, the organizer discussed what kind of logo to design among citizens' representatives in Tokyo and Nagoya, and decided on a judging committee composed of nine authoritative figures. In the form of international naming competition, 10 designated candidates submitted 40 works (one of which withdrew), and after several rounds of rigorous expert evaluation, social evaluation and trademark inspection, it was finally decided to be announced to the public in March 2000. The author of logo is Zhuoye, a senior official of Onuki Takuya. He used to work in Bobaotang advertising company in Japan and later became an independent designer. The author's explanation of logo is actually very simple: it is round and has no special significance, aiming at guiding the public to fill in the concept of self and exert their imagination.

Looking at the logo design of the 20 10 Shanghai World Expo, some scholars think that the 20 10 Shanghai World Expo is marked by the Chinese character "Shi", which is similar to the creativity of the Olympic Games "Beijing" [5]; There is also a view that the logo modeled with Chinese characters is not the most ideal because its semantic communication effect outside Chinese-speaking countries is very limited. After all, Chinese characters are difficult to read. I believe these arguments should play a very good role in promoting the design of "Made in China".

Finally, the Expo is called upon to enhance the overall visual image design. 1962 The emblem before the Seattle World Expo was mostly in black and white, which was related to the lack of color research in the Expo. Moreover, the visual design elements of the emblem of the 5th World Expo are incomplete. 13. Compared with the Olympic Games born out of the World Expo, the World Expo cannot be compared with it in many aspects, such as design concept, visual plane development, color planning, post-implementation and so on. The 20 10 Shanghai World Expo seems to be aware of this. Recently, it has extensively collected plans for exhibitions and activities from the society and promulgated the management measures for the use of the emblem. www.dolcn.com

Precautions:

[1] The World Expo involved in this article is not divided into professional categories and comprehensive categories. 1937 The designer of the Paris World Expo logo has not found any relevant information so far.

[2] Excerpted from the article "Make the finishing point to say the emblem-Sidelights of 2065438+00 Shanghai World Expo logo seminar" and published on the website of Shanghai World Expo.

[3] Chicago World Expo 1933, Brussels World Expo 1935, Brussels World Expo 1958, Seattle World Expo 1962, new york World Expo 1964, Knoxville World Expo 1982.

[4] 1975 Okinawa Expo, 1984 New Orleans Expo, 1998 Lisbon Expo and 2008 Zaragoza Expo.

[5] 1935 Brussels Expo, 1967 Montreal Expo, 20 10 Shanghai Expo.

[6] See Wang Shouzhi's History of World Graphic Design P209.

[7] See Merikay Waldvogel's "1933 World Expo Patching up Souvenirs", P 1 1.

[8] Named after the German physicist and astronomer august ferdius mobius.

[9] new york Expo 1964, Spokane Expo 1974, Okinawa Expo 1975, Tsukuba Expo 1985, Vancouver Expo 1986, Daejeon Expo 1993.

[10] The abbreviation of "optical art" was developed on the basis of the optical illusion art of Bauhaus Nagy, Albers and Vasarelli.

[1 1] See the article "Design Problems Caused by Discourse Right", which was published on June 3, 2005 and reprinted from Art Watch magazine.

[12] See "Disadvantages of Contemporary Chinese Characters and Their Applications" in Multilateral Talks: Chinese Character Design in Digital Environment, and Decoration, P32,No. 14 1 issue, 2005.

[13] Chicago Expo 1933, new york Expo 1939- 1940, new york Expo 1964, San Antonio Expo 1968 and Knoxville Expo/kloc-0.

References:

[1] Website information of Shanghai Library Expo Information Center.

[2]BIE official website information (www.bie-pairs.org).

[3] Wu Zhiqiang, the author of "Analysis of World Expo Theme Development", was originally published on the 2003 Shanghai World Expo website.

[4] EXPO 20 10: Innovation and Development Shanghai Development Report 2003/2004.

[5] Wang Shouzhi's History of World Graphic Design, China Youth Publishing House, 200 1 year.

[6] Decoration magazine, issue 1 in 2005.

[7] Art Watch magazine, No.4, 2005.