Post-battle summary of the defense of Jiangyin

The battle hit the Japanese heavily, only on November 25th killed nearly 1,000 Japanese troops, destroyed dozens of tanks, Hua Shan battle hard fighting for 5 days and nights, killed nearly 2,000 Japanese troops, more than 5,000 pseudo troops, to achieve the expected purpose of holding the Japanese westward and depletion of troops.

112 Division casualties of about 4,000 people, Huo Shouyi division commander was seriously wounded by Japanese artillery fire. After retreating from Jiangyin, part of it retreated to the north of the river and part of it was sheltered in Zhenjiang, organized into 2 regiments totaling 4,000 men. Despite the extreme backwardness of the 103rd Division, it held the Jiangyin Fortress for more than 3 months in the face of a strong Japanese attack by air, sea and land. when the 103rd Division was ordered to retreat to Nanking, there were only 4,000 men left out of the division's total of 9,000 men. When retreating from Jiangyin to Zhenjiang, the 103rd Division was besieged by the enemy, and sacrifices were very heavy, and about 2,000 men succeeded in breaking through the siege. At this time, the division commander He Zhizhong, chief of staff, Zunyi Wang Guanghan and others have been withdrawn to Hankou, deputy division commander, Xingyi Dai Zhiqi in the face of danger, rate of 103 Division remnants of the next to participate in the defense of Nanjing.

Since the Sino-Japanese War, most of the naval vessels built were lost in the defense of Jiangyin, Jiangyin is also the only large-scale naval battles between China and Japan during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, is a rare three-dimensional land, sea and air combat during the War of Resistance.

While Jiangyin is an important base of the Chinese Navy, after five years of operation of the Staff Headquarters, to the East of the Marchington view. But after the war against the military rise, the entire national defense fortification zone into chaos, the troops from the rear of the temporary cobbled together, into position to fight, the Navy's main fleet cantonment in the river, in the air raids as a dead target.

Jiangyin Fortress is an important support for the Xicheng National Defense Line, but the development of fortress warfare can be sufficient to prove the disadvantage of traditional fortresses in modern warfare.

Because of Wufu, Xicheng defense line and Shanghai-Hangzhou Zhapingjia defense line between the loss of the defense line (or even can be said to be abandoned), so that the capital of Nanjing's gateway to the open. Originally, in accordance with the Nanjing military authorities of the pre-war for the Songhu battle plan, in Shanghai is not prepared to carry out a protracted defense, but plans to set up in these several defense line relying on the favorable terrain of the river, lakes, and slow down the advance of the Japanese army and armored forces. Only 300 kilometers west of Shanghai is the capital Nanjing, although there are many rivers and lakes between Shanghai and Nanjing as a natural barrier; Suzhou, Changshu, Jiangyin and other Shanghai-Nanjing line, the Yangtze River waterway on the fortress for the defense, but several times during the Songhu operation should retreat not retreat, repeated delays, and finally withdrew too late to evolve into a rout, the important documents, maps, and important plans, were taken by the enemy. At the same time, the Japanese army two flanks circuitous, rapid pursuit, and from the air day and night tracking bombing; at this time around Nanjing has no danger to defend, so it is no longer possible to organize an effective blockade; Jiangyin is the Yangtze River fortress, control of the Yangtze River's throat, but the Japanese army soon conquered Wuxi, Changzhou, soldiers pushed to the Zhenjiang Fortress (Zhenjiang Fortress due to the enemy bomber bombardment, the fortress are platform construction fortifications and barracks have been completely bombed flat, and the geographic location obviously protrudes from our positions. Geographic position obviously protrudes from our position, so our army directly gave up the fortress of Zhenjiang), the goal is directed at Nanjing, Jiangyin has been far from our position, its significance has been little, the loss of Nanjing has almost become a reality. July 19, the Japanese air attack on Jiangyin County, in Jiangyin Southeast Township School, throw a bomb, opened the prelude to the defense of Jiangyin.

August 16, 1937, Jiangyin sea battle began.

September 19 ("9-19 air war" day), the enemy aircraft by the fourth brigade of our air force shot down four, wounded one. Liu Zigang, a later legend of the Chinese Air Force, became famous in this battle.

In late September 1937, the Japanese Navy sent more than 70 ships, more than 300 aircraft and 100,000 combatants in an attempt to open the Jiangyin defense line.

The most brutal part of the Jiangyin battle was unveiled on Sept. 22, 1937 (September 22 Combat).

On the night of September 25, four famous Chinese ships, including the "Ninghai" and "Pinghai", made their last voyage. After assembling behind the blockade line, the four warships opened their submarine doors to the sound of desolate whistles and sank silently into the Yangtze River. That night, the Chinese navy lost its fleet.

October 1937, the Japanese Navy war report: "After two months of heroic fighting by our troops, in Songhu before the Holy War withdrew to Jiangyin, and the Chinese navy assembled there, was sunk and wounded *** 25 ships, wounded thousands of its soldiers. At present, this army no longer exists."

On Nov. 13, Shanghai fell and the Battle of Songhu ended when the Japanese Shigeto Detachment landed at Changshu Baikou with the 16th Division.

On Nov. 14, the Japanese 13th Division captured Liuhe Town and Taicang was lost.

On November 19, the Japanese occupied Changshu, Suzhou and Jiaxing, and the entire Wufu National Defense Line was lost. The war in southern Jiangsu deteriorated sharply. On the same day, the Japanese Central China Front Army decided on its own to extend its military combat zone to Wuxi and Huzhou.

November 22, the Japanese 10th Army with the 13th Division as the vanguard, the 9th Division lost more than half of the battle in Shanghai, as well as the more complete combat strength of the king's elite divisions of the 16th Division, the 11th Division to follow up, to the Wuxi Cheng line to launch an offensive.

November 23, in Jiangyin Dongxiang blockade, the 457th Brigade deputy brigade commander Zeng Qingmin led his troops to fight with the Japanese. The two sides fought one another briefly, and because they were outnumbered and out of ammunition and food, most of the Cantonese soldiers were killed in action. Zeng Qingmin (Zeng Zehuan) preferred to die, and was martyred at the age of 39 in a physical battle.

November 25, the Japanese army captured the southern military city of Wuxi, Chengxi line, Chengxi defense line was also broken, the Chinese army abandoned the Chengxi defense line, withdrew to the western suburbs of Wuxi and Changzhou; the same day, the Japanese army began to surround the fortress of Jiangyin from the two directions of water and land.

November 27, the Japanese army began a full-scale attack on Jiangyin, Japanese ships began shelling Jiangyin fortress; anti-Japanese war in the most magnificent naval battle began. Han Deqin acted as chairman of the Jiangsu Provincial Government, which was moved to Yangzhou.

November 28, 27 to 28, the western suburbs of Wuxi bloodbath, early on the 28th our troops were unable to support the evacuation of Wuxi, give up Changzhou, withdrew to Nanjing, Ningguo, the Japanese completely occupied Wuxi. Up to this point in addition to the fortress garrison our troops have all withdrawn from the Xicheng line. On the same day, Yixing, Sian and Changxing were lost, and the following day Changzhou was lost.

At 4:00 a.m. on Nov. 29, Fang Shuhong, commander of the 334th Brigade of the 112th Division of the Northeast Army, personally led two battalions of the 66th Regiment in an attack on enemy troops east of Nanzha Town. An enemy lieutenant general was killed on the spot, beside a saber with Mount Fuji engraved on the hilt, and a flag with the words "Kawatabara" written on it, with two gold stars on his jacket epaulettes.

November 30, Dingshan position fell, Huashan position was broken through a number of places, Jiangyin city defense has entered the most difficult stage, the defenders decided to break out, the same day Guangde, Liyang lost, the Japanese army pushed to Lishui; so that the east and south of Nanjing's major cities, in addition to Jiangyin, all fell.

On December 1, the Japanese army captured Huashan; the General Command of Jiangbei ordered the Chinese army defending Jiangyin to retreat toward Nanjing. At 4:00 a.m., the entire 112th Division of the 1 0 3 Division defending the city broke out, the county defenders led by Brigadier Ma Wanzhen transferred to Zhenjiang, the artillery continued to cover the retreat, the Goose Hill Battery and the Yellow Hill Battery was destroyed; at 5:00 p.m., the Japanese army broke into the county seat of Jiangyin, so that Jiangyin fell, but there are still some of the artillery remained in Jiangyin Battery; on the same day, Japan's main headquarters issued the "Continental Destiny No. 8 Order":" The commander of the Central China Front Army shall, in coordination with the Navy, capture the enemy's capital, Nanjing", the defense of Nanjing began.

December 2, Liyang fell, at the same time, the 18th division occupied Danyang, the 9th division occupied Jintan, by this time the "Central China Front Army" forces have been according to the predetermined plan to occupy the advance positions for the attack on Nanjing, China's third and seventh war zones of the army have also been evacuated from the Xicheng line, and Yixing, Guangde, etc., the Chinese army fully transferred to the defense of Nanjing, the Chinese army has to be the only one in the war. The Chinese army was fully transferred to the defense of Nanking.

December 3, Jiangyin Battery lost. 1, the battle of Jiangyin in the Chinese navy sequence:

Ministry of the Navy Minister Chen Shao Kuan Navy First Class Admiral

Navy 1st Fleet Command Commander Chen Jiliang Lieutenant General (Jiangyin sea battle was wounded by an air attack)

Navy 2nd Fleet Command Commander Lieutenant General Zeng Yiding

2, the battle of Jiangyin in the Japanese Navy sequence:

●3rd fleet command Commander Admiral Kiyoshi Hasegawa

●4th Fleet Command Commander Vice Admiral Takeshi Toyoda

●Others: 2nd Fleet Carrier Battle Group Akagi, Carrier Battle Group Longchamp, 3rd Fleet Carrier Battle Group Fengxiang ...... (Japan's 1st Fleet, 2nd Fleet temporarily dispatched to assist the Japanese Chineese side of the fleet operations) );

●The total number of airplanes involved in the war was 390, of which 210 were land-based and 180 were sea-based.

3. Japanese Army Attacking Forces

●13th Division Division Commander: Lieutenant General Tachibei Ogisu

●Integrated Cavalry (October 8, formed by four brigades of cavalry, the 3rd, 9th, 17th, and 101st, under the command of Lieutenant Colonel Gokuroku Mori)

●Shige Fuji Detachment Branch Commander: Major General Chiaki Shige Fuji

4. Chinese Army City Defending Troops

The main force defending Jiangyin was composed of the 57th Army, which was part of the former Northeastern Army, and the 103rd Division, which was part of the 1st Division of the 25th Army, which was part of the former Qianjiang Army. Also participating in the battle successively were the 457th Brigade of the 159th Division of the 66th Army and the 478th Brigade of the 160th Division of the Guangdong Army system, as well as three companies of the new infantry regiment of the 153rd Division of the 83rd Army.

Commander-in-Chief of the River Defense Group Army: General Liu Xing

Lieutenant General Miao Zhengliu, Commander of the 57th Army Division Commander General Chang Ensho, Commander of the 111th Division, which was stationed in Jingjiang Division Commander of the 112th Division, Lieutenant General Huo Shouyi, who was seriously wounded by artillery in the battle of the moat

Brigade Commander of the 334th Brigade Maj. Gen. Ma Wanzhen Colonel Fang Shuk-hung of the 667th Regiment Colonel Cui Xijang of the 668th Regiment Brigade Commander of the 336th Brigade Major General Li De-ming, of the 671st Brigade. Major General Li Deming Colonel Xu Ganyang of the 671st Regiment Colonel Wan Yi of the 672nd Regiment

Major General He Zhizhong, Commander of the 103rd Division

Colonel Luo Yibin of the 613th Regiment Colonel Zhou Sangkui of the 615th Regiment Colonel Wan Shijiong of the 618th Regiment

Major General Peng Zhifang of the 457th Brigade of the 159th Division of the 66th Army (the deputy brigade commander of the 457th Brigade, who was killed in the battle of Jiangyin). General)

66th Army, 160th Division, 478th Brigade, Major General Yu Yingqi

83rd Army, 153rd Division, three companies of the new infantry regiment

Jiangyin Fortress Commander: Lieutenant General Xu Kang

Electric Thunder School Principal: Lieutenant General Ouyang Ge

5. Comparison of the strength of both sides of the land forces on the defense line of Jiangyin

Japanese Army: the 13th Division, 9th Divisional Regiment, 16th Division, 11th Division

We: 103rd, 111th, 112th, 154th Divisions