On the Importance of Strengthening Protection in chinese heritage

Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, February 8th Xinhua News Agency broadcast the State Council's "Notice on Strengthening the Protection of Cultural Heritage" (hereinafter referred to as the "Notice"), expounding the importance and urgency of protecting cultural heritage at present and putting forward specific and clear requirements for future work. The reporter interviewed Dan Jixiang, director of National Cultural Heritage Administration, on the significance and main points of this programmatic document guiding the protection of cultural heritage in the new period. The State Council's Notice on Strengthening the Protection of Cultural Heritage marks that the protection of cultural heritage in China has entered a new historical stage. Dan Jixiang: The 11th Five-Year Plan period is a crucial period for China to build a well-off society in an all-round way, and so is the protection of cultural heritage. The Notice analyzes the work situation in the new period, further points out the direction, clarifies the key points and determines the goals. This is a programmatic document on the protection of cultural heritage, which has important guiding significance for us to open up a new situation in our work. I think this guiding significance is mainly reflected in two levels: cognition and practice. In terms of understanding, the Notice guides us to grasp the current work situation from the overall situation, clarifies the guiding ideology and basic policy of cultural heritage protection again, and makes an overall plan for the overall goal of the future 10. According to the notice, by 20 10, China will initially establish a relatively complete cultural heritage protection system, and the cultural heritage protection situation will be significantly improved. By 20 15, a relatively complete cultural heritage protection system will be basically formed, and cultural heritage with historical, cultural and scientific values will be fully and effectively protected; Another goal is to make the concept of protecting cultural heritage deeply rooted in people's hearts and become the conscious action of the whole society. It can be seen that this is a gradual, planned and gradual process. On the practical level, the notice clearly pointed out several outstanding problems to be solved in the future, such as doing a good job in cultural relics investigation and research, formulating and implementing immovable cultural relics protection plans, doing a good job in maintaining key cultural relics, strengthening the protection of historical and cultural cities (blocks, villages and towns), improving the level of cultural relics protection and display, and cleaning up and rectifying the cultural relics circulation market. , and made arrangements for the next step, involving comprehensive, specific and operational content. For example, in terms of system construction, the Notice requires the establishment of a publicity system for major construction projects of historical and cultural cities, a responsibility system and accountability system for cultural heritage protection, a regular notification system for cultural heritage protection, and an expert consultation system. In terms of policy formulation, the Notice proposes to formulate and improve policies and measures related to social donation and sponsorship; In terms of system construction, the circular calls for the establishment of a national leading group for the protection of cultural heritage to unify and coordinate the protection of cultural heritage, and also requires local people's governments at all levels to set up corresponding cultural heritage protection coordination institutions. The circular further clarified the rights and responsibilities of relevant departments, such as requiring the cultural relics administrative department of the State Council to make overall arrangements for the compilation of the protection plan for world cultural heritage and national key cultural relics protection units, and to track, monitor and inspect the implementation of the plan. In short, the publication of the Notice will promote the legalization, standardization, scientification and democratization of cultural heritage protection in China. Implementing the spirit of the Notice is a key point of our future work. Cultural relics administrative departments at all levels must seriously organize study, deeply understand the spirit of the notice, and ensure the further implementation of various requirements. The establishment of "Cultural Heritage Day" highlights the important role of cultural heritage protection in national economic and social development. Dan Jixiang: the State Council has decided to designate the second Saturday of June as the "Cultural Heritage Day" in China from 2006. The establishment of "Cultural Heritage Day" draws on the successful experience of foreign countries. In China, the initiative to set up a "Cultural Heritage Day" has attracted more and more attention and support from people from all walks of life. In CPPCC's proposals in recent two years, members concerned have increasingly called for the establishment of a "cultural heritage day" in China. This time, the State Council decided to set up a "Cultural Heritage Day" in the "Notice", which fully reflected that the China government attached great importance to the protection of historical and cultural heritage. The establishment of "Cultural Heritage Day" highlights the important role of cultural heritage protection in the country's economic and social development, which is conducive to enhancing the sense of identity and national cohesion of Chinese people around the world, especially compatriots on both sides of the strait with a long history and tradition, and has strong practical significance. At present, China's cultural heritage protection work is in a critical period. In recent years, the government's investment in cultural heritage protection has gradually increased, and the awareness of cultural relics protection of governments at all levels and the people has also been greatly improved. However, the phenomenon of destroying and damaging cultural heritage still occurs frequently. A few local leading cadres do not act according to the objective laws of cultural heritage work, and the public's enthusiasm for paying attention to and protecting cultural heritage needs to be further improved. Therefore, the establishment of a national "cultural heritage day" is of great significance to enhance the awareness of cultural heritage protection in the whole society, guide people to participate in cultural heritage protection extensively, and promote the establishment of a new system of cultural heritage protection in China with national protection as the mainstay and social participation. "Cultural Heritage Day" activities will follow the principle of government-led and social participation. During this period, governments and organizations at all levels can hold relevant public welfare activities. For example, it is necessary to commend the advanced behavior of protecting cultural heritage, announce the major events of cultural heritage destruction, and announce the list of cultural relics protection units at all levels and historical and cultural cities (blocks, villages and towns) approved according to law. Relevant cultural heritage protection institutions shall, according to the actual situation and the theme of "Cultural Heritage Day", hold academic seminars, exchange meetings, special lectures, knowledge contests and other publicity and education activities for the public, especially young people. At the same time, they should try their best to create conditions for the public to get close to cultural heritage and participate in its protection. At present, China's cultural heritage protection still faces many problems such as cultural ecology, policy environment and industry itself. Dan Jixiang: Cultural heritage is a valuable non-renewable resource. However, with the trend of economic globalization and the acceleration of modernization, the cultural ecology of China is undergoing tremendous changes. For example, cultural heritage and its living environment are seriously threatened by the capital construction upsurge brought by urbanization and the tourism fever brought by economic development, and many historical and cultural cities (blocks, villages and towns), ancient buildings, ancient sites and scenic spots have been destroyed. Driven by economic interests, illegal trade in cultural relics, illegal excavation of ancient sites and tombs, and smuggling of cultural relics in some areas have not been effectively curbed, and a large number of precious cultural relics have been lost abroad; Over-exploitation and unreasonable utilization lead to the extinction or loss of many important cultural heritages. In areas where ethnic minorities live in compact communities and cultural relics are relatively abundant, due to changes in people's living and production methods and changes in living environment and conditions, the disappearance of ethnic or regional cultural characteristics has accelerated. Therefore, it is urgent to strengthen the protection of cultural heritage. From the perspective of policy environment, although the government's investment in cultural heritage protection has increased substantially, it still does not correspond to the current national economic development speed. The current system of laws and regulations is incomplete and imperfect, the specific system established by law has not been fully implemented, and the phenomenon of non-compliance with laws and lax enforcement is widespread. As far as the problems existing in the cultural heritage protection industry itself are concerned, the backward concept, weak basic work, institutional obstacles and lack of talents still restrict the development of the cause. Many employees have outdated knowledge structure, lack pioneering and innovative spirit of the times, and cannot adapt to today's economic and social environment; There are still many management systems established during the planned economy period, which can no longer adapt to the current situation. With regard to the basic work of cultural relics, although we have made great efforts and made great progress in this respect in the past three years, some local cultural relics protection units have the scope of protection, signs, records and files, and special institutions or designated personnel are responsible for the management of the "four haves" work, but the cultural relics files in museums have not yet been completed. It can be said that our work is far from the rapid economic and social development, the requirements of cultural relics reform and innovation, and the requirements of cultural relics work to better serve the overall situation of building a well-off society in an all-round way. In the past two years, the system reform of the cultural and artistic industries has been initiated and promoted to deeper and wider places, and some places have achieved initial results. We should take this opportunity to solve our own problems step by step. In addition, the protection of cultural heritage really needs more attention and support from all walks of life. The task 1 1 outlined the key points of cultural relics protection in China during the 11th Five-Year Plan period. Dan Jixiang: The National Conference of Cultural Relics Directors held at the end of 2005, on the basis of summing up the work of the previous three years, determined the main tasks during the 11th Five-Year Plan period. There are eleven specific tasks: conducting a general survey of cultural relics; Carry out cultural relics investigation and database management system construction, and basically realize dynamic management and resource sharing of cultural relics data; Strengthen the protection and management of cultural relics protection units; Establish a benign interactive model for the protection and utilization of large sites, and build a number of key large site protection and exhibition parks such as Chang' an City in Han Dynasty, Daming Palace in Sui and Tang Dynasties and Luoyang City; In line with the national marine development strategy, strengthen the investigation and protection of underwater cultural relics; Continue to strengthen the protection and management of world cultural heritage, and establish and improve the system of declaration and preparation of world cultural heritage; Establish a museum system suitable for Chinese civilization and comprehensive national strength, strengthen the protection and management of museum collections, and establish a national catalogue of precious cultural relics in state-owned museums; Standardize the circulation order of cultural relics according to law and crack down on illegal trading and smuggling of cultural relics; Strengthen scientific and technological research and improve the scientific and technological content of cultural relics protection; Increase personnel training and team building; Strengthen scientific management and standardized management. In addition, the circular emphasizes that the protection of cultural heritage should be raised to the level of safeguarding national cultural security, which puts forward higher standards and requirements for the protection and development of cultural heritage. We should take the attitude of being responsible for the country and history, further enhance our sense of responsibility and urgency, make scientific planning according to the requirements of the document, strengthen the ability of coordination and independent innovation, carefully organize and rationally arrange our work, implement it step by step, lay a solid foundation, and do a good job in all aspects of cultural heritage protection.

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