How to understand and scientifically carry forward the role of Chinese excellent culture in criminal psychological correction

In the study of China traditional culture and western psychotherapy, we can find that the humanism school has the closest relationship with China culture, and the core value of China traditional culture embodies the humanistic spirit. Introducing the core ideas of China traditional culture into psychotherapy and psychotherapy is a beneficial supplement and perfection to western psychotherapy. In Japan, doctors treat depression with Lao Zi and Zhuang Zi's ideas of "inaction" and "Taoism is natural", and the effect is very satisfactory. The existence of traditional culture is the foundation for a nation to settle down. Localization means that while introducing foreign theories and methods of psychological correction, we should fully consider China's social background, traditional culture, social value orientation and China people's personality characteristics, combine the successful experience and reality of China's criminal reform work, learn from and absorb the advanced experience of foreign criminal psychological correction, and construct a theoretical and methodological system of psychological correction suitable for China's national conditions.

Keywords: application of psychological correction counseling for criminals

First, the exploratory thinking on the combination of China traditional culture and criminal psychological correction.

(A) the connotation of China traditional culture

Culture itself is a dynamic concept and a historical development process. The definition of culture in Ci Hai is: culture in a broad sense refers to the sum of material wealth and spiritual wealth created by human society in historical practice. In a narrow sense, it refers to spiritual wealth, such as literature, art, education and science. Edward tylor, a British anthropologist, thinks in his book Primitive Culture (187 1): "Culture is a complex, which includes knowledge, belief, art, morality, law, customs and the abilities and habits it acquired in society." China culture includes not only traditional culture with a long history, but also modern culture with drastic changes in traditional culture. Traditional culture is the main body of Chinese culture, a relatively stable cultural form formed and developed by the Chinese nation in ancient society, the crystallization of the wisdom of the Chinese nation, and the display of the historical heritage of the Chinese nation in real life. It not only records the history of the emergence and evolution of the Chinese nation and China culture, but also permeates the blood of everyone in China as a way of thinking, values, codes of conduct and customs handed down from generation to generation, which restricts the behavior and way of thinking of China people today. The ideological system of traditional culture contains rich cultural and scientific spirit, and the return of human nature is the most essential thing in traditional culture, which clarifies our rights, responsibilities and obligations as human beings and our position in society. Harmonious culture is the most distinctive essence of China traditional culture, which has been handed down from generation to generation and is practical. It pays attention to self-cultivation, governing the country and leveling the world, and strives to show its value in the real society.

(B) the possibility of combining China's traditional culture with criminals' psychological correction.

1. There is inclusiveness between China traditional culture and western psychotherapy.

In the study of China traditional culture and western psychotherapy, we can find that the humanism school has the closest relationship with China culture, and the core value of China traditional culture embodies the humanistic spirit. Introducing the core ideas of China traditional culture into psychotherapy and psychotherapy is a beneficial supplement and perfection to western psychotherapy. In Japan, doctors treat depression with Lao Zi and Zhuang Zi's ideas of "inaction" and "Taoism is natural", and the effect is very satisfactory.

2. The combination of China traditional culture and criminal psychological correction is the inevitable requirement of localization and socialization of criminal psychological correction in China.

(1) The existence of traditional culture is the foundation for a nation to settle down. Localization means that while introducing foreign theories and methods of psychological correction, we should fully consider China's social background, traditional culture, social value orientation and China people's personality characteristics, combine the successful experience and reality of China's criminal reform work, learn from and absorb the advanced experience of foreign criminal psychological correction, and build a theoretical and methodological system of psychological correction suitable for China's national conditions. Combining scientific methods and technical means with China's specific national conditions, we should integrate China elements into the criminal psychological correction work, so as to make it possible for you to have me and me to have you, and not to be divorced from China's traditional cultural background, so as to form a distinctive China feature and make the criminal psychological correction work truly become an effective weapon for us to reform criminals. It should be said that the integration of traditional culture into criminal psychological correction is the breakthrough and foothold of the localization of criminal psychological correction in China.

(2) The essence of correcting criminals is a process of re-socialization, so the psychological correction of criminals should also be a systematic project. Prison needs to mobilize all social forces to participate, so that criminals can form feelings and concepts that meet the requirements of social life inside and outside the prison, and then learn behavior patterns that can be used in the social life environment outside the prison. It is of great significance to educate criminals according to the traditional culture of China, which is easy to link the prison reform with social resources and realize the requirements of "the first standard".

3. The characteristics of psychological correction of juvenile offenders call for the participation of China traditional culture.

Juvenile delinquency is a social problem facing all countries in the world today. Some people rank it as "three major public hazards in the world" with environmental pollution and drug abuse. According to the statistics of China Juvenile Delinquency Research Association, in recent years, the total number of juvenile delinquency in China has accounted for more than 70% of the total number of criminal offences in China. Under the influence of "network culture" and "fast food culture", juvenile delinquency shows a trend of younger age, faster pace, cruel means, serious harm, strong repeatability, prominent group crime, high recidivism rate and great difficulty in reform. "Network culture" and "fast food culture" have dissolved the deep pattern of traditional culture due to the lack of the test of time and the filtration of social system, which virtually dispelled the teenagers' own aesthetic view of things, leading to the weakening, dilution and even distortion of the subjective consciousness, national spirit and traditional values of our local culture. In addition, the personality characteristics of teenagers are in the stage of development and formation, with strong plasticity and easy to be influenced by external factors. Generally speaking, they have poor ability to distinguish things, are easily dominated by emotions and emotions, can't think rationally, can't control with will, can't understand correctly and comprehensively, and have many personality characteristics, which makes them lose the coordinates of life development in the process of socialization. Such as: lack of pursuit of lofty ideals and goals, spiritual emptiness; Poor self-cultivation; Poor resolution; Lack of shame, sympathy, compassion, etc. Mood swings, easy to attack others. In addition, families and schools pay one-sided attention to knowledge education and ideological education, ignoring the belonging of teenagers' spirit and soul These serious defects are not conducive to the formation of a stable and scientific lifestyle and attitude towards life, and their behavior will break away from the maintenance of the traditional cultural chain, lose humanity, and thus embark on the road of crime.

Insist on educating criminals with the core values of Socialism with Chinese characteristics's theoretical system, and through the education of China's excellent traditional culture, enable criminals to establish a socialist concept of honor and disgrace, distinguish between right and wrong, good and evil, honor and disgrace, beauty and ugliness, establish a correct world outlook and moral outlook, and help them find their lost humanity and rebuild their lives. Relying on indoctrination education, traditional culture is internalized in the minds of juvenile criminals to make up for the lack of moral education in families and schools; Long-term and continuous traditional cultural education can sublimate the thoughts of juvenile criminals, enable them to correctly treat social anomalies, correctly handle all kinds of problems they encounter after entering social life, effectively solve the distress and anxiety caused by the gap between real self and ideal self, and completely eradicate the ideological roots that are prone to problem behavior and even criminal behavior; China traditional culture education for criminals can also avoid "cross-infection" of juvenile criminals in prison and effectively consolidate the achievements of criminal correction.

(3) The orientation of traditional culture in criminal psychological correction.

1. The application of traditional cultural education in criminal psychological correction has the best scope of application.

Prison, as the penalty executing organ of the country, is a place to punish and reform criminals. The specific object and nature determine the characteristics of criminal psychological correction. As far as prison management is concerned, the psychological correction of criminals is an aspect of prison management, and it must be clear about its adaptability and cultural differences before it can be selected and used. No matter how to correct criminals, safely imprisoning criminals has always been the most important duty of prisons, which is a sense of crisis that must be established. Therefore, the application of traditional culture in China should focus on the comprehensive consideration of the criminal's acceptance and the vicious degree of crime. Shallow vicious (first-time offender, unstable criminal psychology) and moderate vicious (recidivist, long-term mobile crime, easy recidivism, easy recidivism) criminals with a certain educational level are the focus of traditional cultural education, while illiterate criminals and deep vicious criminals (recidivist, frequent crime, economic crime turned into political opposition with the government, and psychological structure produced a series of evils) should focus on the education of confessing repentance and observing prison rules and discipline. In a word, the ultimate goal of correction should be to make criminals adapt to the prison environment, eliminate personal defects, overcome negative emotions, change their cognition and return to society smoothly.

2. The application of traditional culture has played a supplementary and perfect role.

Educational means is an important factor affecting the quality of educational reform, and we should comprehensively use various means to reform criminals. Psychological correction of criminals is one of the means to reform criminals, and the application of traditional culture is an essential content of psychological correction of criminals, which has the function of supplement and perfection. Through traditional cultural education, actively tap the inherent potential of criminals, set up educational opportunities for self-growth for the parties, strengthen the purpose of educational reform, improve the discriminating ability of criminals, and promote the ideological reform and rebirth of criminals, which fully embodies the combination of leniency and severity of humanistic care and ideological education.

Second, the practical application of China traditional culture in criminal psychological correction.

(1) Use modern language to express the connotation of China traditional culture, so that criminals can truly understand China traditional culture.

Make up some easy-to-understand pamphlets, let criminals understand them in the simplest classical Chinese, and gradually cultivate their interest in learning traditional culture, and see the results imperceptibly. The psychological correction of criminals is combined with cultural activities in prison areas, taking specific cultural and sports activities as an opportunity to awaken criminals' traditional cultural awareness, correct criminals' bad habits, cultivate criminals' sound personality, improve the quality of criminals' reform, enrich criminals' spiritual and cultural life, and create a positive cultural atmosphere for reform. It mainly includes daily culture, festival culture, competition culture and special cultural activities, especially festival culture. The traditional festivals in China are diverse in form and rich in content, and they are an important part of the long history and culture of the Chinese nation. The formation of traditional festivals is a process of long-term accumulation and cohesion of national or national history and culture. From these festivals and customs that have been handed down to this day, we can clearly see the wonderful pictures of the ancient people's social life. Compared with western traditional festivals, Chinese traditional festivals pay more attention to the expression of family affection and friendship, and pay attention to the memory of ancestors and filial piety to the elderly, which plays an irreplaceable role in awakening criminals' family values, understanding filial piety, establishing sincere, friendly and positive feelings, improving interpersonal relationships, and correctly handling the relationship between their own interests and behavior legitimacy.

(2) Make full use of traditional cultural elements to psychologically correct criminals.

1, the corresponding qualities that psychological counselors should have.

Prison psychological counselors should not only have certain qualifications, but also have relevant knowledge of law, psychology, prison management, education reform, etc., and also have corresponding knowledge of traditional culture and the ability to work purposefully at the intersection of traditional culture and modern culture. At the same time, actively participate in relevant continuing education, understand the new situation, new progress and new methods in the field of criminal psychological correction, update knowledge and enhance professional ability.

2. The practical application of China traditional culture in psychological correction.

(1) Mental health education for newly imprisoned criminals

"Book of Rites": Enter the country and ban it; When in Rome, do as the Romans do; When in Rome, do as the Romans do. Advocating traditional morality through warnings and notices in traditional culture.

From Baidu Supervision Bureau