Introducing a hernia

Causes The formation of hernia causes hernia formation and the patient's constitution has a great relationship. Chinese medicine believes that the hernia disease is due to the child's development is not sound, the elderly physically weak, lack of qi, cold, moisture, turbid gas, anger to enter the void caused by the obstruction of qi and blood run poor retention, the abdominal cavity produces negative pressure, resulting in increased intra-abdominal air pressure, forcing the abdominal cavity of the free organs, such as: the small intestine, the cecum, the large omentum, the bladder, the ovaries, fallopian tubes, and other organs to see holes in the hole to drill, which is to say, leading to the underlying cause of the hernia is the lack of blood and gas. The most important symptom of hernia is in the groin area, where a lump can be seen or felt. In infants, the lump is most often found by the mother during diaper changes, while in older children, it is most often found during bath time or at the health clinic. The trigger for the appearance of the lump is a rise in abdominal pressure, most commonly due to crying, while others include coughing, defecation, and urination. Older children may be made to stand, and abdominal exertion may also induce the appearance of a mass, which may be seen only in the groin area, while in some cases it reaches the scrotum or labia. It may be seen only in the groin area, while others may reach the scrotum or labia. It may appear and disappear when the child is quiet or asleep. The mass is formed when an organ in the abdominal cavity prolapses into the hernia pouch. The prolapsed organ is mostly the small intestine, which is soft to the touch and often accompanied by a gurgling noise when it retracts, while other organs such as the large intestine, appendix, and greater omentum may also prolapse. In women, the ovaries are more often detached, so you can often feel a thumb-sized, hard lump that is mostly painful. In addition to seeing or feeling the lump, some children may experience constipation, loss of appetite, spitting up, etc., while others may become easily cried and restless. A scrotal hernia that is too large can cause mobility problems. [edit]Classification They can be categorized into two main groups, i.e., water hernia and small bowel hernia. Hydrosalpinx hernia : It is divided into testicular syringomyelia and spermatic cord syringomyelia. It is also divided into traffic and non-traffic. Symptoms: Gradual increase in size, non-disappearance on pressure, painless. Small bowel hernia: It is divided into straight hernia, hiatal hernia, femoral hernia, umbilical hernia, white line hernia, incarcerated hernia, strangulated hernia, incisional hernia, fox hernia and so on. General symptoms: protruding when standing, lying down after the disappearance, pressure can be returned to the abdominal cavity. But incarcerated hernia, strangulated hernia is painful and difficult to push back into the abdominal cavity. Small bowel hernias are prone to adhesions and incarceration if left unchecked, so they should be treated as soon as possible. Types of hernias (by location) Inguinal hernias: These hernias can appear and occur at any age, but the peak occurs in early childhood, 80% to 90% occur in men (inguinal hernias), and inguinal hernias occur mostly in older people. Hernia of the abdominal wall: these hernias occur mainly in the area around the navel and predominantly occur in women with hernias. Most occur between the ages of 20 and 50. Umbilical hernia: It occurs in the navel, with a circular bulge inside the navel. Umbilical hernia 10% to 20% occurs in infants, children, followed by adult women more commonly. Scrotal hernia (scrotal swelling): In men, it occurs in the scrotum area and produces a swelling of the scrotum, which in severe cases is visibly enlarged and makes walking extremely difficult. In women, it occurs in the ovary area, making the lower body visibly enlarged, with painful swelling. Incisional hernia: (abdominal wall incisional hernia* perineal incisional hernia) This type of hernia occurs at the site of a scar from an earlier surgical incision. Incisional hernias may occur months or years after hernia surgery. [edit]ComplicationsInguinal hernia is easily confused with the following diseases 1. Testicular syringomyelia: A positive transillumination test of the mass is a characteristic clinical manifestation of the disease. In addition, the mass has a clear boundary, its upper pole is not connected with the outer ring, the testicle is not easy to see if it is wrapped by the sheath effusion, the mass can not be retracted, there is no history of reversibility, such as the peritoneal sheath protuberance is not completely closed, the formation of traffic testicular sheath effusion, although the mass is also reversible characteristics, but can be used to differentiate the translucent light test. 2, uterine round ligament cyst; the mass is located in the inguinal canal, round or oval, cystic, clear boundaries, high tension, its upper end does not extend into the abdominal cavity, generally not easy to be confused with hernia. 3, spermatic cyst or testicular descent insufficiency: the mass is located in the inguinal canal or spermatic testicular line, the border is clear, the former has a cystic sensation, high tension, the scrotum can be seen on the same side of the testis, the latter tough, for the substance of the sensation, the absence of the same side of the testis in the scrotum. In fact, the differential diagnosis is not difficult . The basic features of these diseases*** are: non-reversible mass, the upper boundary of the mass does not enter the outer or inner ring, no "hernia stalk", and no coughing sensation. Incisional hernias can be easily confused with these diseases and other types of small bowel hernias such as direct hernia, hiatal hernia, femoral hernia, umbilical hernia, white line hernia, incarcerated hernia, strangulated hernia. A straight inguinal hernia (hernia) can be easily confused with these conditions A straight hernia does not enter the scrotum thereby differentiating it from a hiatal hernia, and can also be identified by pressing on the inner ring after retracting the hernia mass. The hernia remains protruding. Intraoperatively, this can be determined by the relationship of the hernia ring to the inferior epigastric artery, which is located medial to the inferior epigastric artery in a straight hernia. Umbilical hernias are easily confused with what are the differential diagnoses of inguinal hernias, straight hernias, and femoral hernias. [edit]Harm A hernia first affects the patient's digestive system, resulting in symptoms such as lower abdominal distension, flatulence, abdominal pain, constipation, poor nutrient absorption, easy fatigue, and loss of physical fitness. And because of the inguinal and genitourinary system adjacent, so the elderly patients are prone to frequent urination, urinary urgency, increased nocturia and other bladder or prostate diseases; children can be due to the hernia of the extrusion of the normal development of the testicles; and young and middle-aged patients are prone to lead to sexual dysfunction. Also due to the hernia sac inside the intestinal tube or omentum easy to be squeezed or collision caused by inflammatory swelling, resulting in hernia retraction difficulties, leading to hernia incarceration, as well as intestinal obstruction, intestinal necrosis, abdominal pain and other dangerous situations. [edit this paragraph] Treatment Overview The treatment path should be chosen according to the specific condition of the patient. Currently, surgical treatment is the only way to cure hernia radically, and the effect of such surgery is now well proven. The postoperative recurrence rate of formal tension-free hernia repair has been less than 1%. Non-surgical treatment of hernias is slower and has a positive effect on stopping hernia progression. Mild hernias can be treated non-surgically on a trial basis. Because the human body tissues with ageing function gradually fade, rely on itself to strengthen again is really more difficult. The middle-aged and elderly people can choose to do auxiliary treatment. Children's hernias are determined on a case-by-case basis. Conservative treatment Conservative treatment mainly includes drug therapy and hernia belt therapy Drug therapy: it can relieve the symptoms of abdominal distension, abdominal pain, constipation and other symptoms caused by hernia, so as to reduce hernia; the shortcoming is that it can not control the hernia out. Commonly used Chinese patent medicines include hernia internal elimination pills, orange kernel pills, tonifying the middle and benefiting qi pills, etc.; or cinnamon and vinegar, gauze wrapped around the umbilicus. The Chinese medicine prescription for hernia is to benefit the qi and lift up or regulate the qi and disperse the knot. A prescription: mother of cloves appropriate amount. Usage: research for very fine powder, sealed in a bottle. Take the appropriate amount of powdered medicine to fill the umbilical nest, fixed, 2 days to change the medicine once. Generally 4 to 6 times to see the effect. At the same time, the compress should be used to eliminate the pathogenic factors that can easily cause increased abdominal pressure, such as coughing, constipation, difficult to urinate. Attention to rest, reduce the amount of activity. Second use: the medicine is divided into 2 parts, sub-paste in the navel and the two feet heart, covered with cotton, fixed with tape, every half a month to change the paste 1 time. Three prescriptions: 60 to 90 grams of live crucian carp 2 tails, accompanied by 10 grams of fennel. Usage: or steam or decoction can be, without salt, 1 time a day, served 5 to 6 times. Four directions: 3 grams each of large and small fennel, 5 lychee kernels, 10 grams of orange kernels. Usage: *** research and powder, each with brown sugar boiled water to take 6 grams, 2 times a day. Five prescriptions: ginseng 4 grams (15 grams of ginseng), 15 grams of astragalus, 10 grams of cinnamon, 3 grams of ascorbic acid, 2 grams of roasted licorice. Usage: Decoction with water. Sixth prescription: 15 grams of Astragalus, 3 grams of Shengma, 15 grams of jujube. Usage: Decoction with water. The swelling is too large, can not be returned to the abdominal cavity, pediatric irritability and crying localized mass obviously bulging, tension, pressure and pain, over time, will cause necrosis of the small intestine that is embedded, to quickly send to the hospital for surgical treatment. Hernia belt therapy: can quickly stop the hernia protrusion, which can effectively prevent the development of hernia, relieve hernia caused by abdominal distension, abdominal pain, constipation and other symptoms. The disadvantage is that it can only treat reversible small intestinal hernias and cannot treat water hernias. Hernia treatment belt is the most safe and effective hernia patients with specialized equipment supplies, mainly through the instrumentation is fixed in order to play an auxiliary treatment, and to achieve the purpose, this product has no surgery, no hospitalization, low cost, no pain, no toxic side effects, easy to use, does not interfere with the patient's normal work, etc. Advantages of the use of the method: the belt through the perineum through, respectively, connected to the abdominal anterior part and the waist belt (the belt across the Indonesian part, do not press the scrotum when the belt through) (When the belt passes through the perineum, do not press the scrotum and testicles). First of all the hernia patients inguinal or scrotal swelling back into the abdominal cavity (let the patient lying flat on the bed gently with the hand back), the number one ball bracket placed in the patient's inguinal inner ring (harness and belt in the front of the abdomen at the junction) fixed in the harness and the waist belt at the junction. Play the role of warming Yang dispersing cold leakage back. The second stage and then put to the second ball support and to achieve the purpose of Qi and consolidation of the treatment, such as both sides of the hernia, respectively, the first and second ball support to also surgical treatment Surgical therapy surgical therapy has hernia repair, hernia patch repair, hernia laparoscopic repair of three types of hernia repair: hernia repair by the defect around the tissue suture repair hernia annulus opening hernia patch repair: with a kind of patch material to cover the defect to repair hernia annulus opening hernia laparoscopic repair: Hernia patch repair is accomplished through a laparoscope Comparison of therapies Conventional hernia repair: There is a large incision (about 6-8 cm long); hospitalization is required for about 7-10 days; routine anti-infection; postoperative pain and other discomforts are common; recurrence rate is about 20%; full recovery time is about 3 months for common hernia and 6-12 months for extra-large hernia. Hernia patch tension-free repair: there is a medium incision (about 4-6 cm long); hospitalization is required for about 3-7 days; routine anti-infection; recurrence rate is about 1%; full recovery time is about 1 month for normal hernia and 3-6 months for extra-large hernia. Laparoscopic hernia repair: 3 small incisions (about 1 cm long); hospitalization of about 4 to 7 days; routine anti-infection; general anesthesia is necessary; there may be complications such as damage caused by poking and placing of scopes and pneumoperitoneum; recurrence rate of about 10%; full recovery time of about 1 month for ordinary hernias and about 3 to 6 months for extra-large hernias. Things to know before hernia surgery 1. Pre-operative examination: including (1) blood, urine, fecal examination. (2) Bleeding and clotting time check. (3) General X-ray examination of chest and abdomen. (4) Electrocardiogram. Please cooperate with the examination, as well as inform the real situation. 2. Fill out a consent form for anesthesia and surgery. 3. The day before the surgery, the staff will shave your skin. 4. For the safety of anesthesia, you will be given an enema the night before the surgery, and please start fasting (not even water) 6-8 hours before the surgery, so if you have surgery in the morning, you can't eat after 12 o'clock of the night before, and if you have surgery in the afternoon, you can start fasting after breakfast on the same day.