The Uyghur Houses Essay

1- The Uyghur dwelling is called "Pajamas". Turpan Uyghur people's houses are practical and full of national characteristics. In the early days, people in the countryside and suburbs lived in earthen kiln caves, which gradually developed into simple bungalows with earthen and wooden structures. This kind of bungalow has a grass mud roof, which can be salivated in summer, small doors and windows, and a skylight on the roof. Inside the house, there is a large kang, which is usually connected to the stove, and can be used for both cooking and heating in winter. There are many niches in the interior walls of the kang, the smaller ones are called "Miyuk", which are used for placing bedding and clothes. There are large wooden boxes (called "Sanduk" in Uyghur) with colorful lattice and flower patterns on the bed. There is often a drying room next to the room or on the roof.

The urban Uyghur people's housing is mostly brick-concrete bungalows or buildings. The foundation of the bungalows is made of cobblestones, red bricks and white plaster. There are tapestries hanging on the walls of the rooms, which are both decorative and a symbol of wealth. The basement can be used to house people or store various items.

The Uyghur people's residence in front of more outlines (Uyghur called "Ayiwang"), 3-4 meters high, the structure of the wooden beams on the frame carved purlin, on the skylight. On the bottom floor, there are a lot of kangtai for outdoor sitting. Uyghurs love plants. Grapes, peaches, apricots, jujubes, mulberry stubble, pomegranates, figs and other economic fruits and trees, as well as flowers and vegetables are widely planted in the courtyard; and many kinds of poplars, willows, elms and other tall trees are planted outside the courtyard. The gate of the courtyard has wood carving, brick flower, plaster relief painting and tiles. There are often pomegranate patterns, grape patterns, flower patterns and other decorative patterns on the outer walls of the courtyard walls and residences. Shanshan County, Tuyugou Township, Uygur traditional residential small earth building, built on the mountain is well preserved, extremely rich in ethnic characteristics.

In the 1990s of reform and opening up, the living standards of the Uyghur people were improving. Many city dwellers live in modern high-rise buildings, and high-grade commodities such as washing machines, air-conditioners, color TVs, refrigerators, telephones and combined furniture have gradually become the mainstream of life.

2- Uyghur buildings have their unique style. Uyghur group living is generally "AYWANG" type of housing, houses are connected together, courtyard in the surrounding, the layout is flexible, the front room is called "AYWANG", also known as the summer room, open the skylight, with a variety of functions, such as living and meeting guests, and the back room is called the winter room, as a bedroom, generally do not open the window. The back room is called the winter room, which is a bedroom and usually has no windows. The house is square with a deep front porch; the interior is carved with niches and decorated with a variety of floral motifs. The old-style houses are mostly of adobe structure, small windows, roof open a window, poor ventilation and lighting; indoor entrance with a continuous stove kang, used for cooking and heating. With the improvement of living conditions, the quality of housing has gradually improved, and some of them have moved into buildings. Even the self-built cottages are generally more spacious, bright and airy. Hall room layout neat and simple elegant, the four walls are white and blue, hanging tapestries, beds against the wall, bedding are spread in the bedspread or under the blanket, the bed is only set a pair of openwork square pillow. Room in the center of the long table or round table, furniture and furnishings more covered with hooked patterns of decorative towels, doors and windows hanging velvet or silk floor-to-ceiling curtains, and lined with decorative mesh knitwear. The floor is mostly decorated with national patterns. Uyghur people like to plant flowers, fruit trees and grapes in the courtyard, the whole environment looks elegant and fresh.

The Uyghur people's living room is usually an earthen and wooden structure bungalow. Its construction is based on rough wood or sandstone, earth block wall, or fence wall, roof frame beams, rafters, after laying reed mats and soil mud. Flat roofs, open skylights for light, no windows on the four walls, only the door, the door should not be facing west. Now, the building style changes, more wall windows, building materials are also more from the earth and wood structure, to the development of brick, concrete structure. Indoor layout in the past is relatively simple, generally more kang, kang side of the short wall across the pots and pans, the wall is left on the wall, placing objects, like hanging tapestries. In winter, they burned stoves and fire walls to keep warm. With the improvement of people's living standards, furniture such as standing cabinets and chests of drawers, and home appliances such as televisions, recorders, and washing machines have also entered the homes of ordinary people. Interior layout from practical, beautiful and gradually become more gorgeous. Inside the yard, there are grapes and fruit trees and flowers. Room on both sides of the doorway to build a platform, covered with felt, used in the summer to cool, sleep.