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What is the historical development of bodybuilding?
Golden Age
The "Golden Age" of bodybuilding is generally defined as the period from about 1940 until 1970. During this period, early aesthetics began to change, as people sought bigger muscles and demanded more symmetry and definition. This was due in large part to the fact that the outbreak of World War II had caused many young men to seek stronger physiques and more intense personalities, which they achieved through improved training techniques, higher levels of nutrition, and the use of more effective equipment. Many influential publications began to appear, and new competitions sprang up in response to the growth of bodybuilding. The "Muscle Beach" in Venice, California was the symbol of this period of bodybuilding. Notable names in bodybuilding during this period include Steve Reeves (famous for his portrayal of Hercules and other ancient heroes), Reg Park, John Grimek, Larry Scott, Bill Scott, and many others. Scott, Bill Pearl, and Irvin "Zabo" Koszewski. With the rise of the AAU (Amateur Athletic Union), the AAU added bodybuilding to its established weightlifting competitions in 1939, and the following year the event was named the AAU Mr. America. Around the 1940s, most bodybuilders began to complain about the AAU's practice of allowing only amateur athletes to compete and favoring only Olympic weightlifting events. This prompted the Wade brothers - Ben Wade and Joe Wade - to organize the IFBB (International Federation of BodyBuilders). Their competition, IFBB Mr. America, was open to professionals. In 1950, another organization called NABBA (National Amateur Bodybuilders Association) began organizing the NABBA Mr. Universe competition in England. In 1965, another major event, Mr. Olympia, was held. Today, Mr. Olympia is the top event in the bodybuilding world. At first, bodybuilding competitions were only for men, but later in 1965 NABBA added Miss Universe, and in 1980 Ms. Olympia was introduced. The introduction of Ms. Olympia in the 1980's.
Modern Period (Post-1970s)
Bodybuilding attracted a lot of public attention in the 1970s thanks to Arnold Schwarzenegger's movie Pumping Iron. Prior to this, the IFBB had dominated the sport, with the AAU taking a back seat. In 1981, Jim Manion, having just stepped down from the AAU Physique Committee chairmanship, formed the NPC (National Physique Committee), which began to become the most successful bodybuilding organization in the nation, and was the amateur division of the IFBB. in the late 1980's and early 1990's, AAU-sponsored bodybuilding events were declining. sponsored bodybuilding events deteriorated; in 1999, the AAU voted to discontinue bodybuilding events. During this period, steroids began to be used more and more in bodybuilding and other sports. In an effort to counteract this, the IFBB began to introduce a drug-testing system for steroids and other banned substances, which was also designed to allow the IFBB to be accepted as a member of the IOC. Despite the drug-testing system, most professional bodybuilders continued to use steroids in order to compete.In the 1970s, people were still able to openly discuss the use of steroids because it was perfectly legal at the time; however, in 1990, the Steroid Control Act was passed by the U.S. Congress, which classified steroids as a Class III controlled substance under the Controlled Substances Act. In 1990, pro wrestling promoter Vince McMahon announced the formation of a new bodybuilding organization, the World Bodybuilding Federation (WBF). McMahon wanted to bring the WWF style of showmanship and more lucrative prize money to bodybuilding, and signed 13 competing athletes to lucrative contracts, some of whom were virtually unknown in the world of bodybuilding at the time. Athletes who committed to the WBF soon abandoned the IFBB, and in response to the formation of the WBF, IFBB president Ben Weider blacklisted bodybuilders who had signed contracts with the WBF.The IFBB also secretly discontinued steroid drug testing of its athletes because it was too difficult for the drug-testing IFBB to fight against the new organization that did not test. In 1992, when the FBI began investigating Vince McMahon and the WBF for alleged steroid dealing, McMahon was forced to set up drug testing for WBF athletes. As a result, the quality of WBF fights that year was very much down the shitter (-_-#). McMahon officially disbanded the WBF in July 1992, probably due to his disenchantment with the pay-per-view revenues from WBF fight broadcasts and sales of the WBF publication Bodybuilding Lifestyles (which later became WBF Magazine), as well as multiple six-figure contracts, twice-monthly television broadcasts, and monthly magazine issues. With multiple six-figure contracts, twice-monthly television broadcasts, and a monthly magazine, the WBF was struggling to make ends meet. However, the founding of the WBF did two things for IFBB athletes: first, it prompted IFBB founder Joe Weider to sign many of the top bodybuilding stars to contracts, and second, it prompted the IFBB to increase the amount of prize money available for signing a contract, which eventually led to Joe Weider getting athletes who had previously been under contract with the WBF to pay a penalty of 10 percent of their annual WBF salary to return to the IFBB. IFBB. At the beginning of the 21st century, the IFBB attempted to promote bodybuilding as an Olympic sport. in 2000, the IFBB became a full member of the IOC and attempted to get bodybuilding passed as an Olympic showcase sport, and then as a regular sport, but ultimately failed to do so. Whether or not bodybuilding meets the definition of an Olympic sport is debatable, with some arguing that there is no athletic competition involved in the process of bodybuilding. Others are under the illusion that bodybuilding competitions must involve steroids, which are strictly prohibited in the Olympics. Those in favor argue that the styling competition events in bodybuilding require skill and preparation, and therefore bodybuilding should be considered a sport. In 2003, Joe Weider sold Weider Publications, Inc. to AMI, American Media, Inc. which publishes The National Enquirer, and at the same time Ben Weider was re-elected as president of the IFBB.In 2004, the organizer of the Mr. Olympia competition Wayne Demille abruptly left the IFBB, and the contest moved to AMI.
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